Anjarwati, Nila (2018) Pengaruh Waktu Aplikasi Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (Pgpr) Dan Dosis Pupuk Anorganik Pada Pertumbuhan Dan Hasil Tanaman Krisan Potong (Chrysanthemum Morifolium) Varietas Fiji Putih. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Tanaman krisan (Chrysanthemum morifolium) adalah tanaman hias yang sebagian besar dibudidayakan oleh petani sebagai bunga potong yang dimanfaatkan sebagai bunga dekorasi untuk mempercantik konsep acara. Akan tetapi, terdapat krisan yang dibudidayakan dalam bentuk bunga pot yang dimanfaatkan untuk memperindah ruangan dan menyegarkan suasana. Peningkatan permintaan bunga krisan potong menyebabkan petani berusaha meningkatkan produktivitas krisan potong. Upaya yang dapat dilakukan dalam meningkatkan produktivitas krisan potong yaitu dengan pengaplikasian pupuk anorganik. Akan tetapi, penggunaan pupuk anorganik secara terus dapat menyebabkan terjadinya kerusakan tanah (fisik, kimia dan biologi tanah). Adanya dampak yang ditimbulkan oleh penggunaan pupuk anorganik secara terus menerus dalam jangka panjang maka dilakukan penelitan untuk mengurangi dosis pupuk anorganik dan penambahan Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) untuk mengefisienkan penggunaan pupuk anorganik sehingga dapat dimanfaatkan oleh tanaman dan mendapatkan pertumbuhan serta hasil yang maksimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendapatkan interaksi waktu aplikasi PGPR dan dosis pupuk anorganik untuk dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman krisan potong. Hipotesis pada penelitian ini yaitu diduga terdapat interaksi antara waktu aplikasi PGPR dan dosis pupuk anorganik akan meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman krisan potong. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di greenhouse PT. Condido Agro Nongkojajar yang berlokasi di Dusun Cangkruk Desa Gerbo Kecamatan Purwodadi Kabupaten Pasuruan dengan ketinggian tempat 900 meter di atas permukaan laut (mdpl). Penelitian dilaksanakan pada Februari hingga Mei 2018. Alat yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini di antaranya yaitu : cangkul, ember, jaring penegak tanaman, bambu penguat jaring penegak tanaman, alfaboard, penggaris, lampu 23 watt, selang, drum, diesel, sprayer, cutter, timbangan digital, kamera dan alat tulis. Sedangkan bahan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini diantaranya yaitu : bibit krisan varietas Fiji Putih, air, pupuk anorganik (NPK mutiara 16-16-16, Urea, SP36 dan KNO3), pupuk kandang (kotoran sapi), insektisida, fungisida, PGPR dengan kandungan bakteri Azotobacter sp., Azospirillum sp., Aspergillus sp., Pseudomonas sp. dan Bacillus sp. yang masing-masing bakteri tersebut memiliki kerapatan 108 CFU ml-1 dengan konsentrasi 5 ml l-1 air. Metode yang digunakan yaitu Rancangan Acak Kelompok Faktorial (RAKF) dengan 2 faktor dan setiap kombinasi perlakuan diulang sebanyak 3 kali. Faktor pertama yaitu waktu aplikasi PGPR (W0 = saat pembibitan, W1 = saat transplanting, W2 = saat 14 hari setelah tanam (hst), W3 = saat 28 hari setelah tanam (hst)) dan faktor kedua adalah dosis pupuk anorganik (D1= 50% , D2 = 37,5%, D3 = 25%). Dari kedua faktor tersebut didapatkan 12 kombinasi perlakuan dan diulang sebanyak 3 kali, sehingga diperoleh 36 satuan percobaan. Setiap satuan percobaan terdiri dari 24 tanaman. Pengamatan meliputi metode destructive, non destructive dan panen. Parameter pengamatan destructive i terdiri dari bobot kering tanaman tanpa bunga (g tanaman-1). Parameter pengamatan non destructive terdiri dari tinggi tanaman (cm), jumlah daun tanaman (helai) dan luas daun (cm2 tanaman-1). Sedangkan parameter pengamatan menjelang panen terdiri dari waktu muncul kuncup bunga (hari), umur pecah warna/colouring (hari) dan parameter panen meliputi panjang tangkai bunga (cm), diameter bunga (cm), umur panen (hari). Data yang diperoleh kemudian dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis ragam (uji F) dengan taraf 5% untuk mengetahui adanya pengaruh pada setiap perlakuan. Apabila hasil pengujian diperoleh adanya perbedaan yang nyata maka dilanjutkan dengan uji BNT taraf 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan waktu aplikasi PGPR mempengaruhi dosis pupuk anorganik pada luas daun. Sedangkan parameter pada bobot kering tanaman tanpa bunga, tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun tanaman, panjang tangkai bunga, diameter bunga dan umur panen menunjukkan bahwa waktu aplikasi PGPR tidak mempengaruhi dosis pupuk anorganik. Waktu aplikasi PGPR saat pembibitan dengan dosis pupuk anorganik 50% memberikan luas daun terbesar yaitu 748,78 cm2 tanaman-1 daripada perlakuan yang lainnya. Waktu aplikasi PGPR saat transplanting memberikan tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, bobot kering tanaman, panjang tangkai dan diameter bunga lebih baik daripada waktu aplikasi PGPR saat pembibitan, saat 14 hst dan saat 28 hst. Dosis pupuk anorganik sebesar 37,5% memberikan tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, bobot kering tanaman, diameter bunga dan umur panen lebih baik daripada dosis pupuk anorganik 50% dan 25%.
English Abstract
Chrysanthemum morifolium is an ornamental plant that is mostly cultivated by farmers who are harvested as cut flowers that are used as decorative flowers to beautify the concept of the event. However, there are chrysanthemums cultivated in the form of potted flowers that are used to beautify the room and refresh the atmosphere. Increasing the demand for chrysanthemum as cut flowers causes farmers to try to increase the productivity of chrysanthemum cut. Efforts that can be done in improving the productivity of chrysanthemum cut with the application of inorganic fertilizer. However, the continued use of inorganic fertilizers can lead to soil damage (physical, chemical and biological soils). The impact of continuous inorganic fertilizer use in the long term is done to reduce the dose of inorganic fertilizer and the addition of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) to streamline the use of inorganic fertilizer so that it can be utilized by plants and get maximum growth and yield. The objective of this research is to get interaction of PGPR application time and dose of inorganic fertilizer to increase growth and yield of chrysanthemum crop. The hypothesis of this research is there is an interaction between the time of PGPR application and reduction of dose of inorganic fertilizer will increase the growth and yield of chrysanthemum crop. This research was conducted at greenhouse PT. Condido Agro Nongkojajar located in Dusun Cangkruk Gerbo Village Purwodadi District Pasuruan with altitude of place 900 meters above sea level. The research was be held from February to May 2018. The tools were used in this research are: hoes, buckets, plant enforcement nets, bamboo reinforcement crops, alfaboard, ruler, 23 watt lamp, hoses, drums, diesel, sprayer, cutter , digital scales, cameras and stationery. While the materials were used in this research are: White Chrysanthemum variety, water, inorganic fertilizer (NPK 16-16-16, Urea, SP-36 and KNO3), organic fertilizer (cow manure), insecticide, fungicide, PGPR with bacterial content of Azotobacter sp., Azospirillum sp., Aspergillus sp., Pseudomonas sp. and Bacillus sp. each of which has a density of 108 CFU ml-1 with a concentration of 5 ml l-1 water. The method used is Factorial Randomized Block Design (RBD) with 2 factors and each treatment combination is repeated 3 times. The first factor is the time of PGPR application (W0 = at nursery, W1 = at transplanting, W2 = at 14 days after planting), W3 = at 28 days after planting (dap)) and the second factor is dose inorganic fertilizers (D1 = 50%, D2 = 37,5%, D3 = 25%). From these two factors, there were 12 treatment combinations and repeated 3 times, so that 36 experimental units were obtained. Each experimental unit consists of 24 plants. Observations include destructive, non destructive and harvesting methods. The destructive observation parameter consists of dry weight of plant without flower (g of plant-1). Non destructive observation parameters consist of plant height (cm), number of leaves (sheet) and leaf area (cm2 plant-1). The observation parameters before harvest consist of flower buds (day), age of colouring (day) and harvesting parameters including flower stalk (cm), flower diameter (cm), age of harvest (day). The data obtained were then analyzed by using variance analysis (F test) with 5% level to iii know the effect on each treatment. If the test results a significant difference then followed by LSD test 5% level. The results shows there is treatment time of PGPR application affected the dose of inorganic fertilizer on leaf area, while parameter of dry weight of plant without flower, plant height, number of leaf, length of the flower stalk, flower diameter and age of harvest shows there is PGPR application time was not affect the dose of inorganic fertilizer. The interaction between the time of PGPR application at nursery and the dose of 50% inorganic fertilizer gave the largest of leaf area of 748,78 cm2 of plant-1 than the other treatment. The time of PGPR application during transplanting gives the plant height, number of leaves, dry weight of plants, length of the flower stalk and flower diameter is better than the time of application PGPR at nursery, at 14 days after planting and at 28 days after planting. Inorganic fertilizer dosage of 37,5% gives plant height, number of leaves, dry weight of plant, flower diameter and age of harvest better than 50% and 25% inorganic dosage.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FP/2018/647/051810109 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Pupuk, Chrysanthemum Morifollum |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 631 Specific techniques; apparatus, equipment materials > 631.8 Fertilizers, soil conditioners, growth regulators > 631.81 Nutritive principles, complete fertilizers, methods of application > 631.816 Methods of applications |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Agroekoteknologi |
| Depositing User: | Nur Cholis |
| Date Deposited: | 05 Oct 2018 02:20 |
| Last Modified: | 20 Oct 2021 10:29 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/12371 |
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