Veronica, Neny Tiara (2018) Respon Varietas Lokal Dan Varietas Unggul Nasional Terhadap Kombinasi Pupuk Organik Dan Anorganik Pada Pertumbuhan Dan Hasil Tanaman Padi (Oryza Sativa L.). Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Tanaman Padi (Oryza sativa L.) merupakan tanaman pangan yang menghasilkan beras setelah melalui berbagai proses untuk dijadikan sebagai bahan baku sumber utama makanan pokok dan banyak di konsumsi khususnya di Indonesia. Pemilihan varietas yang tepat merupakan salah satu hal penting dan nantinya sangat menentukan dalam keberhasilan pertumbuhan tanaman tersebut. Peningkatan produksi dari segi budidaya juga dapat dilakukan dengan pemberian pupuk anorganik terutama pupuk unsur makro tanpa adanya penambahan bahan organik. Pupuk anorganik memiliki beberapa kelebihan dibanding dengan pupuk organik diantaranya mampu memberikan efek yang lebih cepat dan memiliki bentuk fisik yang relatif lebih praktis dan menarik namun penggunaan pupuk kimia yang secara terus menerus tanpa diikuti pemberian pupuk organik dapat menurunkan kualitas sifat fisik, kimia dan biologi tanah (Yuliarti, 2009). Penambahan bahan organik khususnya pada tanah sawah sangat diperlukan. Pada tahap awal penerapan pertanian organik masih perlu dilengkapi dengan pupuk anorganik, hal ini disebabkan karena pada pupuk organik mengandung kadar unsur hara sangat rendah sehingga memerlukan dosis yang sangat tinggi yang menyebabkan kurang ekonomis. Pupuk anorganik masih tetap diperlukan agar takaran pupuk organik tidak terlalu banyak diberikan (Sutanto, 2002). Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Juni – Oktober 2017 berlokasi di Lahan Percobaan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Brawijaya, Kelurahan Jatimulyo, Kecamatan Lowokwaru, Kota Malang, Jawa Timur. Ketinggian tempat 460 m dpl. Daerah ini memiliki suhu minimum 20°c dan suhu maksimum 28°c. Alat yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini meliputi cangkul, meteran/penggaris, timbangan analitik, ember, kamera, alattulis, papan penanda, karung, oven, Leaf Area Meter. Bahan yang digunakan adalah benih padi varietas lokal Cekece dan varietas unggul nasional IR64. Pupuk yang digunakan yaitu pupuk anorganik (Urea, SP36, KCL), pupuk organik (komposAzolla). Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan 10 perlakuan yang diulang sebanyak 3kali sehingga didapatkan total 30 petak percobaan yaitu : V1 : Varietas Cekece + Pupuk anorganik 100%, V2 : Varietas Cekece + Pupuk anorganik 75% + organik 25%, V3 : Varietas Cekece + Pupuk anorganik 50% + organik 50%, V4 : Varietas Cekece + Pupuk anorganik 25% + organik 75%, V5 : Varietas Cekece + Pupuk organik 100%, V6 : Varietas IR64 + Pupuk anorganik 100%, V7 : Varietas IR64 + Pupuk anorganik 75% + organik 25%, V8 : Varietas IR64 + Pupuk anorganik 50% + organik 50%, V9 : Varietas IR64 + Pupuk anorganik 25% + organik 75%, V10 : Varietas IR64 + Pupuk anorganik 100%. Pengamatan dilakukan pada tanaman sampel di setiap petak percobaan. Dalam setiap petak percobaan terdapat 8 sampel tanaman pada setiap kombinasi perlakuan non destruktif dan terdapat 18 sampel tanaman pada setiap kombinasi perlakuan destruktif serta 16 tanaman sampel untuk pengamatan panen (hasil). Pengamatan dilakukan pada 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90 hari setelah tanam. Data yang diperoleh selanjutnya akan dilakukan pengujian menggunakan analisis ragam (uji-F) ii dengan taraf 5%. Sedangkan untuk mengetahui perbedaan antara masing-masing perlakuan dilakukan uji perbandingan dengan menggunakan uji BNJ dengan taraf 5%. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa perlakuan V3 (varietas Cekece dengan pupuk anorganik 50% + pupuk organik 50 %) berpengaruh nyata terhadap komponen pertumbuhan seperti tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, jumlah anakan dan berat kering tanaman, namun tidak berpengaruh nyata pada luas daun. Pada komponen hasil perlakuan V8 (varietas IR64 dengan pupuk anorganik 50% + pupuk organik 50 %) berpengaruh nyata pada jumlah malai per rumpun (29,40), jumlah gabah per malai (143,18) dan gabah kering giling (8,00) namun tidak berpengaruh nyata pada persentase gabah isi dan bobot 1000 butir.
English Abstract
Rice Crop (Oryza sativa L.) is a food crop that produces rice after going through various processes to serve as the main raw material source of staple food and much in consumption especially in Indonesia. Selection of the right varieties is one of the important things and will be very decisive in the success of plant growth. Increased production in terms of cultivation can also be done with the provision of inorganic fertilizers, especially macro-elemental fertilizers without the addition of organic materials. Inorganic fertilizers have several advantages compared to organic fertilizers such as capable of providing faster effects and has a relatively more practical physical form and interesting but the use of chemical fertilizers continuously without followed by organic fertilizer can reduce the quality of physical properties, chemistry and biology of the soil ( Yuliarti, 2009). The addition of organic materials, especially in paddy fields is needed. In the early stages of the application of organic agriculture still needs to be equipped with inorganic fertilizers, this is because the organic fertilizer contains very low levels of nutrients that require a very high dose that causes less economical. Inorganic fertilizers are still needed so that the dosage of organic fertilizer is not given too much (Sutanto, 2002). This research was conducted in June - October 2017 located in Experimental Field of Faculty of Agriculture Universitas Brawijaya, Jatimulyo Subdistrict, Lowokwaru District, Malang City, East Java. Location altitude 460 m above sea level. This area has a minimum temperature of 20 ° c and a maximum temperature of 28 ° c. The tools used in this study include hoes, meter / ruler, analytical scale, bucket, camera, alat tulis, marker board, sack, oven, Leaf Area Meter. The materials used are Cekece local rice seedlings and IR64's national superior varieties. Fertilizer used is inorganic fertilizer (Urea, SP36, KCL), organic fertilizer (komposAzolla). This research used Randomized Block Design with 10 treatments repeated 3 times to get total 30 plot experiment that is: V1: Cekece Variety + 100% Inorganic Fertilizer, V2: Cekece Variety + Inorganic Fertilizer 75% + Organic 25%, V3: Varieties Cekece + Inorganic Fertilizer 50% + Organic 50%, V4: Cekece Variety + Inorganic Fertilizer 25% + Organic 75%, V5: Cekece Variety + 100% Organic Fertilizer, V6: IR64 + 100% Inorganic Fertilizer V7: IR64 Varieties + Inorganic Fertilizer 75% + Organic 25%, V8: IR64 Varieties + Inorganic Fertilizer 50% + Organic 50%, V9: IR64 Varieties + Inorganic Fertilizer 25% + Organic 75%, V10: IR64 Varieties + 100% Inorganic Fertilizer. Observations were made on the sample plants in each experimental plot. In each plot there were 8 plant samples in each non destructive treatment combination and there were 18 plant samples in each combination of destructive treatment and 16 sample plants for harvest observation (yield). Observations were made at 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90 days after planting. The data obtained will then be tested using a variety analysis (F-test) with a level of 5%. Meanwhile, to know the difference between each treatment is done by comparison test using LSD test with 5% level. iv Based on the result of the research, it can be concluded that the treatment of V3 (Cekece varieties with 50% organic fertilizer + 50% organic fertilizer) significantly affect growth components such as plant height, leaf number, number of tillers and dry weight of plant, but no significant effect on leaf area. In the V8 treatment component (IR64 varieties with 50% organic fertilizer + 50% organic fertilizer) significantly affected the number of panicles per hill (29.40), the number of grains per panicle (143.18) and dried milled grain (8.00) but no significant effect on the percentage of grain content and weight of 1000 grains.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FP/2018/125/051802648 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | - |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 631 Specific techniques; apparatus, equipment materials > 631.8 Fertilizers, soil conditioners, growth regulators |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Budidaya Pertanian |
| Depositing User: | Nur Cholis |
| Date Deposited: | 04 Jun 2018 03:06 |
| Last Modified: | 20 Oct 2021 07:20 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/11331 |
Preview |
Text
bab 4.pdf Download (209kB) | Preview |
Preview |
Text
bab 5.pdf Download (83kB) | Preview |
Preview |
Text
BAGIAN DEPAN.pdf Download (287kB) | Preview |
Preview |
Text
DAFTAR PUSTAKA.pdf Download (160kB) | Preview |
Preview |
Text
LAMPIRAN.pdf Download (456kB) | Preview |
Preview |
Text
bab 1.pdf Download (88kB) | Preview |
Preview |
Text
bab 2.pdf Download (186kB) | Preview |
Preview |
Text
bab 3.pdf Download (167kB) | Preview |
Actions (login required)
 |
View Item |