Pasaribu, Azka Ilafi (2018) Pengaruh Komposisi Media Tanam Terhadap Pertumbuhan Bibit Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis Guineensis Jacq.) Tahap Pre Nursery. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Kelapa sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) adalah salah satu tanaman perkebunan yang saat ini sedang berkembang di beberapa wilayah Indonesia. Semakin banyaknya pembukaan lahan dan perkebunan kelapa sawit menyebabkan tanah yang subur sulit didapatkan dan kebutuhan bibit kelapa sawit juga terus meningkat, hal tersebut disebabkan oleh penggunaan lahan secara terus menerus sehingga tanah akan mengalami stress dan ketersediaan tanah subur semakin berkurang. Semakin berkurangnya ketersediaan tanah subur perlu dipertimbangkan kembali untuk mencari media tanam alternatif pada pembibitan kelapa sawit. Pengganti media tanam alternatif sebaiknya mudah didapat, harga yang terjangkau, dan dapat memberikan pengaruh yang positif terhadap pertumbuhan morfologi dan proses fisiologi bibit. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan media tanam alternatif terbaik selain tanah terhadap pertumbuhan bibit kelapa sawit pada tahap pre-nursery. Adapun hipotesis dalam penelitian ini adalah media tanam dengan penambahan kompos dan arang sekam pada tanah dapat digunakan sebagai media tanaman alternatif yang sama dengan media tanah terhadap pertumbuhan bibit kelapa sawit tahap pre-nursery. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Agustus hingga November 2017 berlokasi di lahan pertanian Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Brawijaya di Kelurahan Jatimulyo, Kecamatan Lowokwaru, Kabupaten Malang, Jawa Timur. Ketinggian tempat ±460 mdpl, daerah ini memiliki suhu minimum 20ºC dan maksimum 28ºC. Alat yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah cangkul, polybag, gembor, meteran, penggaris, paranet, gelas ukur, jangka sorong, ember, plang nama, alat tulis, tali rafia, bambu, amplop, oven, timbangan analitik dan kamera. Sedangkan bahan yang digunakan bibit kelapa sawit Varietas Tenera, tanah, arang sekam, kompos, pupuk Urea, pupuk NPK dan air. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) dengan 9 perlakuan komposisi media tanam, yaitu tanah 100% (P1), kompos 100% (P2), arang sekam 100% (P3), tanah + kompos 50% : 50% (P4), tanah + arang sekam 50% : 50% (P5), kompos + arang sekam 50% : 50% (P6), tanah + kompos + arang sekam 50% : 25% : 25% (P7), tanah + kompos + arang sekam 25% : 25% : 50% (P8), tanah + kompos + arang sekam 25% ; 50% : 25% (P9), yang diulang sebanyak 3 kali sehingga terdapat 27 petak lahan. Pengamatan yang dilakukan terdiri dari pengamatan non dekstruktif dan dekstruktif. Parameter non dekstruktif meliputi tinggi tanaman dan diameter batang, sedangkan parameter dekstruktif meliputi panjang akar, bobot basah akar, bobot kering akar, bobot kering tanaman, dan bobot basah tanaman. Analisa data dilakukan dengan menggunakan analisa ragam atau uji F dengan taraf 5%. Hasil Pengujian terdapat perbedaan yang nyata antar perlakuan maka dilanjutkan dengan uji perbandingan antar perlakuan menggunakan Beda Nyata Jujur (BNJ) pada taraf 5%. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan komposisi media tanam memberikan pengaruh nyata sama dengan tanah terhadap pertumbuhan bibit kelapa sawit. Perlakuan komposisi media tanam berpengaruh terhadap panjang tanaman, ix diameter batang, panjang akar, bobot basah tanaman, dan bobot kering tanaman. Perlakuan media tanam P2 (kompos 100%) memberikan hasil panjang tanaman, diameter batang, dan panjang akar tertinggi. Perlakuan P9 (tanah 25% : kompos 50% : arang sekam 25%) memberikan hasil bobot basah tanaman tertinggi. Perlakuan P2 (kompos 100%) dan P9 (tanah 25% : kompos 50% : arang sekam 25%) memberikan hasil bobot kering tanaman tertinggi.
English Abstract
Oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) is one of estate plantation crops that are currently being developed in several regions in Indonesia. The large opening place the palm oil plantation make the fertile soil difficult to be found and increase the need of palm oil seedling, the continuous usage of plantation will make the soil unfertilized and available of fertile is decreasing. The less fertile soil need to be reconsider to find an alternative of media plant for palm oil seedling that easy obtain, affordable prices and giving a positive effect on morphological growth and physiological of seedling. The purpose of this research is to get the best planting media other than soil against the growth of oil palm seedling in pre-nursery stage. The hypothesis is the planting media with the addition of compost and rice husk charcoal on the soil can be used as an alternative planting media similar to the soil media to the growth of oil palm seedling in pre-nursery stage. This research was conducted from August to November 2017 on agricultural land Faculty of Agriculture, University of Brawijaya in the Jatimulyo village, Lowokwaru District, Malang, East Java. On altitude ± 460 m above sea level, this located has a minimum temperature of 20ºC and 28ºC maximum. The tools which used in this research are hoe, polybag, water sprayer, meter, ruler, paranet, measuring cylinder, slider, bucket, nameplate, raffia rope stationery, bamboo, envelope, oven, analytical scale and camera. The materials are palm oil seedlings Tenera varieties, soil, rice husk charcoal, compost, urea fertilizer, NPK fertilizer and water. This research will be conduct by using Randomized Block Design with 9 treatment of planting composition, soil 100% (P1), compost 100% (P2), rice husk charcoal 100% (P3), soil + compost 50% : 50% (P4), soil + rice husk charcoal 50% : 50% (P5), compost + rice husk charcoal 50% : 50% (P6), soil + compost + rice husk charcoal 50% : 25% : 25% (P7), soil + compost + rice husk charcoal 25% : 50% : 25% (P8), soil + compost + rice husk charcoal 25% ; 25% : 50% (P9), that are interval wich are repeated 3 times so that there are 27 experimental plots. The observation on non destructive parameters and destructive parameters. Non destructive parameters are plant length and stem diameter, while the destructive parameters are root length, fresh weight of root, dry weight of root, dry weight of plant, fresh weight of plant. Data will be analyze by analysis of variance (ANOVA) at the 5% level. Results of analysis of variance which shows the real effect, or significant, it will be tested further by test Honestly Significance Difference (HSD) at 5% level. The results of research showed that the composition of media plant give the same significant effect with soil media on the growth of oil palm seedlings. The treatment of plant media composition influenced to plant length, stem diameter, root length, fresh weight of plant, and dry weight of plant. P2 treatment (100% compost) gave the highest yield of plant length, stem diameter, and root length. P9 treatment (25% soil: 50% compost: 25% husk charcoal) gives the highest yield of wet weight of plant. Treatment of P2 (compost 100%) and P9 (soil 25%: compost 50%: 25% rice husk charcoal) gave highest yield of dry weight of plant.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FP/2018/124/051802647 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | - |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 633 Field and plantation crops > 633.8 Other crops grown for industrial processing > 633.85 Plants producing nonvolatile oils > 633.851 Oil palms |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Budidaya Pertanian |
| Depositing User: | Nur Cholis |
| Date Deposited: | 30 May 2018 03:42 |
| Last Modified: | 20 Oct 2021 07:19 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/11229 |
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