Andini, Annisha Putri (2014) Tanggung Jawab Negara Terhadap Penegakan Hak Asasi Manusia Di Aceh Pasca Memorandum Of Understanding Helsinki. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Skripsi ini membahas tentang Tanggung Jawab Negara terhadap Penegakan Hak Asasi Manusia di Aceh Pasca Memorandum of Understanding Helsinki. Pemilihan tema ini dilatarbelakangi oleh adanya konflik di Aceh yang berlangsung selama hampir 30 tahun dan telah menimbulkan berbagai pelanggaran HAM berat di Aceh. Tujuan penelitian dibagi menjadi tiga, pertama, untuk mengetahui dan mengklasifikasikan jenis pelanggaran HAM yang terjadi pada masa konflik di Aceh. Kedua, untuk menganalisis dan mengkaji tanggung jawab negara terhadap pelanggaran HAM yang terjadi pada masa konflik di Aceh. Ketiga, untuk menganalisis, mengkaji, dan menemukan permasalahan hukum penerapan MoU Helsinki butir HAM dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2006 tentang Pemerintahan Aceh terkait penyelesaian pelanggaran HAM di Aceh sebagai bentuk tanggung jawab negara. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan (statute approach), pendekatan kasus (case approach), dan pendekatan konseptual (conceptual approach). Hasil penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa terjadi pelanggaran HAM kategori berat, dengan prototipe Kejahatan terhadap Kemanusiaan (Pasal 7 huruf b UU No. 26/ 2000 tentang Pengadilan HAM) di Aceh selama tahun 1989-2004. Baik dalam mekanisme internasional maupun nasional, negara harus bertanggung jawab dalam menghormati, melindungi, dan memenuhi hak warga negaranya, hal ini berlaku pula saat terjadi kasus pelanggaran HAM berat di Aceh dalam kerangka NKRI. Lahirnya MoU Helsinki sebagai nota kesepakatan damai dan UU No. 11/2006 tentang Pemerintahan Aceh memberi harapan akan adanya penyelesaian pelanggaran HAM berat di Aceh, yaitu dengan diaturnya ketentuan mengenai pembentukan Pengadilan HAM dan KKR di Aceh. Sayangnya, beberapa pengaturan mengenai Pengadilan HAM dan KKR di Aceh di dalam UUPA sebagai pelaksana MoU Helsinki masih menemukan berbagai permasalahan hukum terkait multitafsir pasal, landasan yang tidak jelas, serta tidak terbentuknya kedua lembaga sesuai tenggat waktu yang ditentukan. Peneliti memberi beberapa saran, yaitu: (1) pemerintah pusat maupun daerah berkomitmen melaksanakan MoU Helsinki dan perlu melakukan evaluasi terkait pengaturan tentang penyelesaian pelanggaran HAM di Aceh, (2) mekanisme pengadilan HAM menurut UU No. 26 tahun 2000 secara nasional dapat diterapkan pula untuk kasus Aceh jika ketentuan MoU Helsinki dan UUPA sulit diterapkan karena kelemahannya, (3) KKR segera dibentuk di Aceh agar kompensasi, penghargaan, penghormatan, dan berbagai kegiatan di dalamnya dapat memenuhi hak-hak dasar korban.
English Abstract
This research discusses about the State Responsibility of Human Rights Enforcement in Aceh After The Memorandum of Understanding Helsinki. The selection of this theme is effected by the conflict which lasted for almost 30 years and has led to a variety of severe human rights violations in Aceh. The purpose of the research are divided into three, first, to know and classify the types of human rights violations that occurred during the conflict in Aceh. Second, to analyze and review the responsibilities of the State against human rights violations that occurred during the conflict in Aceh. Third, to analyze, review, and find the legal issues in the implementation of the MoU Helsinki grain HAM on Act No. 11 of 2006 about Aceh Governance related human rights violations settlement in Aceh as a form of state responsibility. This research method using normative juridical with statute approach, case approach, and conceptual approach. This research has reached conclusion that gross violations of human rights had been occured, that is crimes against humanity (article 7 letter b of LAW No. 26/2000 on HUMAN RIGHTS Court) in Aceh during 1989- 2004. According to the international and national mechanisms, the State should be accountable in respecting, protecting and fulfilling the rights of its citizens, this applies also in the event of cases of severe human rights violations in Aceh within the framework of Unitary State of The Republic of Indonesia. MoU Helsinki as memorandum peace agreement and Act No. 2/2006 concerning the Government of Aceh give hope for a human rights violations settlement in Aceh, which is has the regulation of the provisions regarding the establishment of a Human Rights Court and A Commission for Truth and Reconciliation (CTR). Unfortunately, some regulations of Human Rights Court and CTR in UUPA as implementing of MoU Helsinki still find a wide range of legal issues related to the legal interpretation, the unclear legal basic and the delay of Human Rights Court and CTR establishment. Researchers gave several suggestions: (1) the Central Government and the regions should be have commitment to implement the MoU Helsinki and need to do an evaluation related settings about the settlement of human rights violations in Aceh, (2) mechanism of the Human Rights Court according to the law No. 26 of 2000 nationally can be applied also for the case of Aceh if the provisions of the Helsinki MoU and UUPA difficult applied because of its weakness, (3) A Commission for Truth and Reconciliation should be formed in Aceh soon so that the compensation, awards, honours, and a variety of activities in it can meet the fundamental rights of the victims.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FH/2014/6/051401821 |
| Subjects: | 300 Social sciences > 340 Law |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Hukum > Ilmu Hukum |
| Depositing User: | Budi Wahyono Wahyono |
| Date Deposited: | 12 Mar 2014 10:20 |
| Last Modified: | 26 Apr 2022 01:56 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/112067 |
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