Yutsni, Roviqi (2018) Karakterisasi Galur Buncis(Phaseolus Vulgaris L.) Berpolong Ungu Pada Generasi F6. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Buncis (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) termasuk dalam tanaman legum yang memiliki bagian ekonomis pada bagian polong. Buncis ungu salah satu hasil dari perbaikan sifat kandungan gizi dan daya hasil tinggi pada polong buncis. Kandungan gizi buncis berpolong ungu ialah antosianin. Antosianin ialah pembentuk dasar pigmen warna pada tanaman seperti ungu, merah dan biru. Karakterisasi ialah kegiatan identifikasi sifat-sifat penting yang bernilai ekonomis, atau yang merupakan penciri dari varietas yang bersangkutan (Soemantri et al., 2004). Penentuan karakteristik merupakan hal yang penting dalam deskripsi tanaman. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan karakter keempat galur buncis berpolong ungu pada generasi F6. Hipotesis dari penelitian ini adalah terdapat galur buncis berpolong ungu pada generasi F6 yang memiliki tingkat keseragaman genotip dan fenotip yang tinggi pada beberapa karakter tanaman. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Februari sampai bulan Mei 2016 di Dusun Swaluan, Desa Sekarputih, Kecamatan Karangploso, Kabupaten Malang, Jawa Timur. Ketinggian tempat ± 698 m dpl dengan suhu rata-rata 24,97o C, dan kelembaban udara 68 – 97 %. Alat yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini ialah cangkul, cangkil, ajir bambu, kertas label, alat tulis, jangka sorong, plastik, kamera, RHS (Royal Horticulture Society) colour chart, pasak, gawar, corong penakar pupuk, gembor, dan deskriptor (UPOV). Bahan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari 7 jenis bahan tanam yang berasal dari galur terpilih generasi F5 yaitu galur PQXGI-169-1-14, PQXGK-1-12-29, GIXPQ-12-2-18, GIXPQ-35-11-23, galur tetua Purple Queen (PQ), Gilik Ijo (GI), dan Gogo Kuning (GK), kompos, pupuk NPK, pupuk Za, cocopeat, insektisida berbahan aktif karbofuran 3% dan molluscisida berbahan aktif metaldehide 5%. Penelitian disusun dalam suatu percobaan dengan metode pengamatan berupa pengamatan tanaman tunggal (single plant) dengan perlakuan terdiri dari 7 galur buncis generasi F6. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap karakter kualitatif dan karakter kuantitatif pada setiap individu tanaman dalam setiap genotip. Prosedur pengamatan mengacu pada Phaseolus vulgaris L. deskriptor yang dikeluarkan oleh UPOV (International Union For The Protection Of New Varieties Of Plants) for French Bean. Karakter kualitatif berupa: tipe pertumbuhan, intensitas warna hijau daun, ada/tidak antosianin pada daun, bentuk anak daun terminal, warna batang, warna standard dan warna sayap bunga, warna dasar polong, intensitas warna dasar polong, tekstur permukaan polong, irisan polong melintang, bentuk ujung polong, derajat kelengkungan polong, bentuk biji, warna biji utama, warna biji sekunder, irisan membujur dan melintang biji. Sedangkan karakter kuantitatif berupa: umur awal berbunga (hst), jumlah klaster per tanaman, umur awal panen segar (hst), jumlah polong per tanaman, panjang polong (cm), ketebalan polong (cm), diameter polong (cm), bobot per polong (g), bobot polong per tanaman (g), jumlah biji dan bobot 100 biji (g). Analisis statistik yang dilakukan dalam bentuk dendogram menggunakan program Numerical Taxonomy and Multivariate ii Analysis Arithmatic versi 2.02 (NTSYSPC-2.02) dan estimasi koefisien keragaman fenotip (KKF) serta koefisien keragaman genetik (KKG). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa galur PQXGI-169-1-14, PQXGK-1-12-29, GIXPQ-12-2-18, GIXPQ-35-11-23 telah menunjukkan keseragaman dalam semua karakter kualitatif dan karakter kuantitatif. Serta memiliki nilai koefisien keragaman fenotip dan genotip rendah yang tergolong dalam variabilitas sempit pada semua karakter kuantitatif. Berdasarkan dendogram kemiripan diketahui bahwa semua galur buncis berpolong ungu generasi F6 sudah seragam dalam karakter kualitatif dan karakter kuantitatif yang diamati, karena memiliki derajat kemiripan lebih dari 95%
English Abstract
Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) are included in legume plants that have economic value on the pods. Purple beans are one result of improved nutritional content and high yielding power in bean pods. The nutritional content on purple beans pods is anthocyanin. Anthocyanins are the basic shaper of color pigments in plants, such as purple, red and blue. Characterization is the activity of identifying important properties of economic value, or that is the characteristic of the relevant varieties (Soemantri et al., 2004). The determination of the characteristics is important in the description of the plant. This study aims to describe the character of the four lines of purple beans classified in the F6 generation. The hypothesis of this study is that there is a purple bean line in the F6 generation that has a high degree of genotype and phenotype uniformity in some plant characters. This study was conducted from February to May 2016 in Swaluan, Sekarputih Village, Karangploso sub-district, Malang Regency, East Java. The altitude of this place ± 698 m above sea level with average temperature 24,97oC, and humidity 68-97%. The tools were used hoes, bamboo stick, paper label, stationery, slide, plastic, camera digital. RHS (Royal Horticulture Society) color chart, peg, fertilizer mouthpiece, sprayer and descriptor (UPOV). The materials were used consisted of 7 types of planting material from selected lines of the F5 generation lines PQXGI-169-1-14, PQXGK-1-12-29, GIXPQ-12-2-18, GIXPQ-35-11-23, Purple Queen (PQ), Gilik Ijo (GI), and Gogo Kuning (GK), compost, NPK fertilizer, Za fertilizer, cocopeat, 3% active carbofuran insecticide and 5% active molluscisida with metaldehide. The study was arranged in single plant observation which consist of 7 lines of F6 beans generation. Observantion were made to qualitative and quantitative character of each individual plant in each genotype. The observation procedure refers to Phaseolus vulgaris L. descriptor issued by UPOV (International Union For The Protection Of New Varieties Of Plants) for French Bean. Qualitative characters included: growth type, intensity of green color of leaf, anthocyanin coloration of leaf, shape of terminal leaflet, color of stem, color of standard and flower, ground color of pod, intensity of ground color of pod, surface texture of pod, shape of distal part of pod, degree of pod curveture, shape of seed, main color of seed, secondary color of seed, longitudinal slice and cross slice seeds. Quantitative characters were: age flowering (dap), number of clusters, age of fresh harvest (dap), number of pods, length of pod (cm), thickness of pod (cm), diameter of pod (cm), weight per pods (g), weight of pods per plant (g), number of seeds and weight of 100 seeds (g). The statistical analysis performed in the form of dendograms using Numerical Taxonomy and Multivariate Analysis Arithmetic version 2.02 (NTSYSPC-2.02) and estimation of phenotypic diversity coefficient (KKF) and genetic diversity coefficient (KKG). iv The results showed that lines PQXGI-169-1-14, PQXGK-1-12-29, GIXPQ-12-2-18, GIXPQ-35-11-23 have demonstrated the uniformity in all qualitative and quantitative characters. And it had a value coefficient of phenotype and low genotype diversity that belong to the narrow variability in all quantitative characters. Based on the resemblance of dendograms, it had known that all of the F6 purple-beaded breeding lines are uniform in qualitative characters and the quantitative characters are observed, since they have a degree of similarity of more than 95%.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FP/2018/164/051802870 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | - |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 635 Garden crops (Horticulture) > 635.6 Edible garden fruits and seeds > 635.65 Garden legumes > 635.656 Peas |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Budidaya Pertanian |
| Depositing User: | Nur Cholis |
| Date Deposited: | 24 May 2018 02:56 |
| Last Modified: | 20 Oct 2021 08:16 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/10975 |
Preview |
Text
8. DAFTAR PUSTAKA.pdf Download (107kB) | Preview |
Preview |
Text
9. LAMPIRAN I.pdf Download (321kB) | Preview |
Preview |
Text
BAGIAN DEPAN.pdf Download (830kB) | Preview |
Preview |
Text
10. LAMPIRAN II KUALITATIF.pdf Download (498kB) | Preview |
Preview |
Text
11. LAMPIRAN III KUANTITATIF.pdf Download (673kB) | Preview |
Preview |
Text
2. BAB I.pdf Download (12kB) | Preview |
Preview |
Text
3. BAB II.pdf Download (323kB) | Preview |
Preview |
Text
4. BAB III.pdf Download (725kB) | Preview |
Preview |
Text
6. BAB V.pdf Download (84kB) | Preview |
Preview |
Text
5. BAB IV.pdf Download (1MB) | Preview |
Actions (login required)
 |
View Item |