Ramadhani, Nur Fitri (2018) Pengaruh Penggunaan Tomat (Lycopersicum Esculentum Mill.) Dan Bunga Tahi Kotok (Tagetes Erecta L.) Sebagai Tanaman Pendamping Terhadap Hama Plutella Xylostella L. Pada Tanaman Kubis (Brassica Oleracea L. Var Capitata L.). Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Kubis (Brassica oleraceae L.) merupakan salah satu sayuran yang mempunyai nilai ekonomis yang tinggi.Berdasarkan data rekapitulasi Badan Pusat Statistik (2015), kubis merupakan salah satu sayuran dengan hasil produksi terbesar dari total produksi sayuran di Indonesia yaitu sebesar 22,33 ton/ha. Salah satu kendala dalam budidaya kubis yaitu adanya serangan hama ulat daun kubis (Plutella xylostella L.) yang merupakan hama utama pada tanaman kubis.Serangan P. xylostella dapat menurunkan hasil produksi kubis dikarenakan daun kubis rusak akibat dimakan ulat dan tanaman tidak dapat membentuk krop. Mayoritas petani menggunakan insektisida sintetik sebagai salah satu cara untuk menanggulangi penyebaran hama tersebut. Namun penggunaan insektisida yang intensif menghasilkan beberapa dampak negatif yang ditimbulkan. Untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut, pemerintah mengusulkan adanya penerapan Pengendalian Hama Terpadu (PHT) sehingga penggunaan pestisida sintetik dapat dibatasi akan tetapi kualitas dan kuantitas produksi kubis masih dapat dicapai. Salah satu pengendalian hama dan penyakit tanaman secara PHT dapat dilakukan dengan cara penggunaan tanaman pendamping yang berasal dari tanaman bunga tahi kotok dan tanaman tomat serta penggabungan dari keduanya, yang diharapkan dapat menjadi habitat musuh alami serta dapat menekan populasi dan intensitas serangan hama P. xylostella. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Desa Sumbersekar, Kecamatan Dau, Kota Batu, Provinsi Jawa Timur pada bulan April-September 2017. Penelitian ini menggunakan lahan seluas 250 m² yang terbagi atas 24 petak perlakuan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah percobaan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK). P1: monokultur kubis yang digunakan sebagai kontrol. P2: kubis dengan penanaman tanaman pendamping tomat. P3: plot tanaman kubis dengan penanaman tanaman pendamping bunga tahi kotok. P4: plot tanaman kubis dengan penanaman tanaman pendamping berupa tanaman tomat dan bunga tahi kotok. Masing-masing perlakuan diulang sebanyak 6 kali ulangan. Teknik budidaya kubis meliputi persiapan lahan, persemaian, penanaman, dan pemeliharaan tanaman. Variabel yang diamati terdiri dari pengamatan populasi telur, larva, pupa, imago dan intensitas serangan P. xylostella serta hasil produksi kubis. Data dianalisis menggunakan ANOVA dan apabila terdapat perbedaan maka dilanjut dengan uji Beda Nyata Terkecil (BNT). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penanaman tanaman pendamping (tomat dan bunga tahi kotok) pada pertanaman kubis mampu menekan populasi pupa P. xylostella dibandingkan dengan perlakuan tanpa tanaman pendamping. Hasil analisa ragam menunjukkan pada penanaman tanaman pendamping menunjukkan hasil berbeda nyata pada rerata populasi pupa 66 HST dan tidak berbeda nyata pada populasi telur, larva, imago, intensitas serangan P. xylostella dan hasil produksi kubis.
English Abstract
Cabbage (Brassica oleracea L.) is one of the vegetables that has a high economic value. Based on data of the Central Statistics Agency, cabbage has the largest production in Indonesia, which amounted to 22,33 tons/ha. One of the problems in cultivation of cabbage is moth Plutella xylostella L. attack on cabbage leaves. P. xylostella attack causes extensive damage to cabbage leaves and failure of corp establishment that can be reduce the yield of cabbage. Majority of farmers use synthetic insecticides in combating the spread of this moth. These insecticeds can, however, cause some negative impacts. To fix these problem, the government proposed the implementation of IPM, that the used of synthetic insecticides can be limited but the quality and the quantity of cabbage production can be achieved. One of pest control and plant disease in IPM can be by the use of companion plants that comes from tahi kotok flower plants and tomato plants as well as a combination of both, which is expected to be a habitat for the natural enemies and can be suppress and the intensity of pest populations in P. xylostella. The research was conducted at Sumbersekar,Dau, Batu, East Java in April-September 2017. This research used 250 m² areas with 24 plots treatment. The method use in research was randomized block design (RAK) one way layout with four treatment. The first treatment was a plot of monoculture cabbage as controls. The second treatment was a plot of cabbage with the planting a companion of tomato plants. The third treatment was a plot of cabbage with the planting a companion of marigold flowers plants. The fourth treatment was a plot of cabbage with the planting companion of tomato plants and marigold flowers. Each treatment was repeated six times repetition. The technique of Cabbage cultivation including land preparation, nursery, planting and maintenance of plants. The variables of observations are population of egg, larva, pupa, adult and intensity of P. xylostella and production of cabbage. The data were analyzed by Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), if there were significant influence, the data were analyzed by Least Significant Difference test (LSD). The results showed that companion plant can suppress population of pupa P. xylostella compared to treatment without companion plant. The result from analysis of variance show a significant main effect for average of 66 days after planting pupa populations, and did not show a significant for egg, larva, and imago populations, attack intensity of P. xylostella and cabbage production.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FP/2018/119/051802205 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | - |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 635 Garden crops (Horticulture) > 635.3 Edible leaves, flowers, stems > 635.34 Cabbage > 635.349 Cabbage (Injuries, diseases pests) |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Hama dan Penyakit Tanaman |
| Depositing User: | Nur Cholis |
| Date Deposited: | 24 May 2018 01:52 |
| Last Modified: | 20 Oct 2021 04:09 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/10958 |
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