Orlimao, Sanu Dwi (2018) Korelasi Pertumbuhan Dan Hasil Beberapa Calon Varietas Jagung (Zea Mays) Pada Lahan Masam Di Nunukan Kalimantan Utara. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Jagung merupakan salah satu komoditas pangan yang banyak di budidayakan di Indonesia. Meskipun demikian, produksi Jagung Nasional belum dapat memenuhi kebutuhan Nasional. Pada 10 tahun terakhir (2010-2015), peningkatan luas lahan produksi jagung di Provinsi luar jawa lebih besar dibandingkan peningkatan luas lahan di Jawa. Hal ini menunjukan bahwa terdapat potensi pengembangan jagung di luar Jawa. Beberapa masalah yang dihadapi dalam budidaya jagung di luar Jawa yaitu kondisi lahan yang cenderung memiliki pH masam. Untuk mengatasi hal tersebut dapat dilakukan dengan pengujian varietas jagung yang dapat toleran pada pH masam sehingga ekstensifikasi lahan diluar Jawa untuk produksi jagung dapat dilakukan. Teori tentang hubungan korelasi antara hasil dan karakter pertumbuhan diperkirakan menunjukan hubungan yang berbeda pada kondisi tanaman yang ditanam pada lahan yang memiliki pH masam karena adanya keracunan Al. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat potensi masing- masing genotip jagung pakan yang akan diuji berdasarkan pertumbuhan dan hasil produksinya serta mengetahui korelasi antara karakter pertumbuhan dan hasil pada calon varietas jagung yang diuji pada lahan masam di Nunukan, Kalimantan Utara. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Januari sampai Maret 2017 di lahan milik PT. Puncak Keemasan Lumbung Dunia, Desa Semengkadu, Kelurahan Tanjung Harapan, Kecamatan Nunukan Selatan, Kabupaten Nunukan, Provinsi Kalimantan Utara. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) dengan 3x ulangan. Bahan tanam berupa 10 genotip jagung pakan yang terdiri dari 9 calon varietas jagung pakan yaitu: UB 1, UB 11, UB 12, UB 13, UB 14, UB 15, UB 16, UB 18, UB 19 (koleksi plasma nutfah CV. Blue Akari) dan 1 varietas pembanding yaitu BISI-18. Luas lahan yang digunakan adalah 750 m2. Setiap calon varietas ditanam dalam plot (per ulangan) berukuran 4m x 4m. Penanaman dilakukan dalam larikan, setiap lubang tanam diberi 2 benih, jarak tanam 0,75 m x 0.25 m, populasi tanaman yaitu 180 tanaman/plot, populasi total 5100 tanaman. Perhitungan potensi hasil dilakukan dengan konversi hasil panen per satuan percobaan (4m x 4m). Data yang diperoleh akan dianalisis secara statistik menggunakan analisis varian (ANOVA) dengan uji F pada taraf 5% dan uji lanjut DMRT (Duncan Multiple Range Test). Analisis korelasi juga dilakukan untuk mengetahui hubungan pertumbuhan dan hasil. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukan adanya calon varietas yang memiliki potensi hasil yang setara dengan varietas pembanding yaitu calon varietas UB 1 dan UB 11. Selain itu calon varietas UB 1 dan UB 11 juga menunjukkan pertumbuhan yang baik pada lahan masam di Nunukan, Kalimantan Utara. Pengujian pada lahan masam di Nunukan, Kalimantan Utara menunjukan bahwa potensi hasil memiliki nilai korelasi yang bersifat positif dengan beberapa karakter pertumbuhan seperti: 2 tinggi tanaman, tinggi letak tongkol, jumlah daun, bobot kering, LAB dan luas daun, sedangkan dengan karakter pertumbuhan lain seperti: umur tasseling, umur silking, dan umur panen, potens hasil memiliki korelasi yang bersifat negatif.
English Abstract
Maize is one of commodities cultivated in Indonesia. Nevertheless, the National production of Maize has not been able to fulfill the national needs so it is still imported to fulfill the needs of maize in Indonesia. In the last 10 years (2010-2015), corn production area increased, where the increase of land area outside Java is greater than the increase of land area in Java. This shows that there is potential for corn development outside Java. Some problems encountered in corn cultivation outside Java are land conditions that tend to have low pH. To overcome this can be done by testing the corn varieties that can tolerate acid land condition, so that extensification of land outside Java for corn production can be done. Theories about the correlation relationship between yield and growth character are estimated to show different relationships on the conditions of crops grown on land that has low pH due to the presence of Al poisoning. The aim of this research was to know the potensial of each maize varieties candidates that used in this research based on its growth and yield, also to know the correlation between growth and yield of some maize varieties candidates tested on acid soils in Nunukan, North Borneo. This research was conducted from January to March 2017 on land owned by PT. Puncak Keemasan Lumbung Dunia, Semengkadu Village, Tanjung Harapan, South Nunukan District, Nunukan, North Borneo Province. The research was conducted by using randomized block design (RBD) with 1 treatment that is 10 genotypes of maize feed consisting of 9 candidates of varieties of maize feed that is UB 1, UB 11, UB 12, UB 13, UB 14, UB 15, UB 16, UB 18 , UB 19 (CV Blue Akari’s germplasm collection) while the comparison used is commercial varieties that is BISI-18. Each treatment was repeated 3 times to obtain 30 experimental units. The land used is 750 m2. Each genotype is planted in a plot measuring 4m x 4m. The planting is done in the row, each planting hole is given 2 seeds, the spacing used is 0.75 m x 0.25 m, so in each plot have 180 plants with a total population about 5100 plants. Production per plot (4m x 4m) is converted to calculate maize yield. The area of harvest plot is 4m x 4m per plot. The data obtained will be analyzed statistically using variance analysis (ANOVA) with F test at 5% level. If there is a real difference then will be tested further by using DMRT test (Duncan Multiple Range Test). The data obtained is also used for correlation analysis to determine the relationship between growth and yield. The result of this research shows that there are 2 maize varieties candidates they are UB 1 and UB 11 which have yield potential as high as BISI- 18 as comparation variety. UB 1 and UB 11 also show high growth rate on acid land, in Nunukan, North Borneo. Testing on acid soils in Nunukan, North Kalimantan shows that the potential yield has a positive correlation value with several growth characteristics such as: 4 plant height, cob height, leaf number, dry weight, LAB and leaf area, while with other growth characters such as: day of tasseling, day of silking, and day of harvest, potential yield has negative correlation.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FP/2018/69/051802155 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | - |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 633 Field and plantation crops > 633.1 Cereals > 633.15 Corn |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Budidaya Pertanian |
| Depositing User: | Nur Cholis |
| Date Deposited: | 23 May 2018 00:58 |
| Last Modified: | 20 Oct 2021 02:18 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/10850 |
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DAFTAR PUSTAKA.pdf Download (167kB) | Preview |
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LAMPIRAN.pdf Download (786kB) | Preview |
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