Turn Taking Strategies Made by Secretary of State John Kerry with Indonesian Speaker, and Native English Speaker

Pratiwi, Indriana (2016) Turn Taking Strategies Made by Secretary of State John Kerry with Indonesian Speaker, and Native English Speaker. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.

Abstract

Setiap orang memiliki gaya atau cara mereka masing-masing dalam percakapan. Dalam percakapan, orang memiliki kemampuan untuk mengatur kapan memulai dan mengakhiri giliran saat berbicara; inilah yang disebut strategi alih tutur. Penelitian ini diadakan untuk mengetahui strategi alih tutur buatan Sekretaris Negara John Kerry dengan penutur Indonesia, dan penutur asli bahasa Inggris, dan juga untuk mengetahui perbedaan strategi alih tutur yang ada di dalamnya dengan menggunakan teori dari Stenstorm (1994). Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif untuk mengumpulkan dan menganalisis data. Data yang digunakan berupa kalimat yang terucap dari 3 penutur yaitu John Kerry, Marty Natalegawa, dan Phillip Hammond. Data tersebut didapatkan dari transkrip-transkrip yang diunduh melalui www.state.gov. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa John Kerry lebih sering menggunakan holding the turn daripada memakai taking the turn dan yielding the turn. Strategi ini digunakan John Kerry agar ia dapat menyiapkan apa yang akan ia sampaikan dan katakan pada pendengar dan agar pendengar tahu bahwa akan ada informasi penting lainnya. Dan ini digunakan untuk menghindari lamanya keheningan saat berbicara. Selain itu, penutur Indonesia dan penutur asli bahasa Inggris menggunnakan taking the turn, holding the turn, dan yielding the turn namun tidak sesering yang digunakan John Kerry. Strategi alih tutur taking the turn digunakan untuk mengetahui kapan penutur akan berbicara dan untuk menghubungkan kalimat satu dengan kalimat yang lain di topik yang sama. Sementara itu, strategi alih tutur holding the turn digunakan untuk mengatur dan mengontrol giliran alih tutur karena penutur akan kesulitan merencanakan apa yang akan ia katakan atau ia bicarakan dalam waktu yang bersamaan. Sedangkan strategi alih tutur yielding the turn digunakan saat penutur enggan memulai giliran berbicara namun tidak protes saat sudah memulai gilirannya, dan penutur mengharapkan adanya tanggapan dari pendengar. Oleh karena itu, Kerry lebih sering menggunakan holding the turn daripada 2 pengguna lainnya namun 1 pengguna menggunakan yielding the turn hanya sekali. Penulis menyarankan kepada peneliti selanjutnya untuk menggunakan objek penelitian yang berbeda dalam bentuk percakapan dan pengetahuan tentang strategi alih tutur ini dapat membantu mereka dalam berkomunikasi

English Abstract

People have their own way or style in doing a conversation. Through conversation, people have the ability to manage when to start and finish a turn while talking; which is called turn taking strategies. This study was conducted to determine the turn taking strategies made by secretary of state John Kerry with Indonesian speaker, and native English speaker, and also to know the differences of turn taking strategies using the theory proposed by Stenstorm (1994). This study used a qualitative approach to collect and analyze data. The data of this study were spoken words or sentences from 3 speakers, namely John Kerry, Marty Natalegawa, and Phillip Hammond. The data were obtained from the transcripts downloaded through www.state.gov. These results indicate that John Kerry used holding the turn more often than taking the turn and yielding the turn. This strategy is used by John Kerry so he can prepare what he would say, what to tell the listener and indicate to the listeners that there will be other important information. It is used to avoid the length of the silence as he spoke. In addition, the Indonesian speakers and native English speakers use taking the turn, holding the turn, and yielding the turn but not as often as John Kerry. Taking the turn is used to determine when the speaker will speak and to connect a sentence with another sentence in the same topic. Meanwhile, holding the turn is used to regulate and control the turn over speech because the speaker would have trouble planning what he would say or what he would speak at the same time. While yielding the turn is used when the speakers are reluctant to initiate a turn to speak but not protest when it starts to turn, and the speaker expects a response from the listener. Therefore, Kerry more often uses holding the turn than 2 other users but one user uses yielding the turn only once. The writer suggests the next researchers to use different objects in the form of conversation and the knowledge of turn taking strategies will help them in having communication.

Item Type: Thesis (Sarjana)
Identification Number: SKR/FBS/2016/38/051601173
Subjects: 400 Language > 420 English and Old English (Anglo-Saxon)
Divisions: Fakultas Ilmu Budaya > Bahasa dan Sastra Inggris
Depositing User: Indah Nurul Afifah
Date Deposited: 15 Mar 2016 14:22
Last Modified: 10 Feb 2022 03:44
URI: http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/102265
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