Putri, WidyariniSusilo (2011) The Cult of Domesticity and Characteristics of True Womanhood and Josephine March’s Attitudes towards Them in Louisa May Alcott’s Novel Little Women. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Banyak aturan yang membuat perempuan tunduk, seperti perempuan harus melakukan tugas rumah tangga dan hanya laki-laki yang diperbolehkan untuk bekerja di luar rumah. Seperti apa yang terjadi pada perempuan Amerika abad ke 19 yang dikenal sebagai the cult of domesticity and characteristics of true womanhood. Hal ini termasuk 4 karakteristik utama untuk menilai perempuan yang ideal, diantaranya adalah; Kesalehan, Kemurnian, Kepatuhan, dan Domesticity. Kesalehan; orang Amerika abad 19 percaya perempuan memiliki kecenderungan pada agama tertentu. Kemurnian; tanpa kemurnian seksual, perempuan tidak dianggap sebagai perempuan ideal, bahkan dianggap lebih rendah dari perempuan yang gagal. Kepatuhan; seorang perempuan ideal tahu posisinya, dan tahu perilaku apa yang diharapkan darinya. Domesticity; urusan kerja didefinisikan sebagai dunia laki-laki, urusan rumah tangga didefinisikan sebagai dunia perempuan. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah fenomena cult tersebut dapat ditemukan di novel Little Women karya Louisa May Alcott. Sikap para perempuan March sesuai dengan aturan aturan yang ada, begitu pula dengan Josephine atau Jo, dia termasuk perempuan yang saleh sebab ketika keimanannya dibandingan dengan anggota keluarga yang lainnya, penulis melihat bahwa keluarga March adalah keluarga yang saleh dilihat dari hidup keseharian mereka yang patuh terhadap nilai-nilai agama. Yang kedua adalah kemurnian, Jo tahu batasan dari apa yang boleh atau tidak beleh dilakukan oleh perempuan lajang. Jo memenuhi kedua syarat kesalehan dan kemurnian, tetapi dia mempunyai pendapat sendiri mengenai kepatuhan dan pekerjaan yang membuat dia memiliki kepribadian yang unik. Dia menunjukkan sikap memberontaknya, dia kecewa terlahir sebagai perempuan karena adanya batasan-batasan terhadap perilaku perempuan. Jo berjuang keras mengejar mimpinya sebagai penulis, dia tidak pernah menyerah meskipun penulis perempuan pada saat itu dianggap sebagai hal yang tidak wajar pada abad ke 19. Kesimpulannya, sikap perempuan March sesuai dengan 4 prinsip diatas, dan Jo meskipun menentang Kepatuhan dan Domesticity namun tetap sesuai dengan Kesalehan dan Kemurnian Penulis juga ingin memberi saran pada para pembaca dan peneliti berikutnya. Bahwa analisa ini bisa dibuat lebih mendalam dengan membaca cerita kelanjutan dari Little Women yang berjudul Good Wives, sebab perkembangan karakternya akan lebih terlihat lagi ketika perempuan-perempuan March dewasa.
English Abstract
Many rules make women submissive, such as women have to do house chores and only men who are allowed to have jobs outside the house. Like what happened to American women in the 19th century, which was known as The Cult of Domesticity and Characteristics of True Womanhood. It includes four fundamental characteristics of a good woman, they are piety, purity, submissiveness, and domesticity. Piety; in the 19th century, Americans believed that women had a tendency to a certain religion. Purity, without sexual purity, a woman was not considered as a true woman, but somewhat a lower form of failed woman, worthless of the love of her sex and improper for their community. Submissiveness, a true woman knew her place, and what behaviors were expected from her. Domesticity since the world of work was defined as male, the world of the home was defined as female. The result of the research shows that the phenomenon of the cult of domesticity and characteristics of true womanhood can be seen in Louisa May Alcott‘s novel Little Women. In this novel, the March family is considered as valid. They posses all of the quality that make them considered as valid women. They conform to the rules and so does with Josephine or Jo, she is considered as piety woman too, since her religiosity when it is compared to the rest of her family the writer sees that March family is piety from their daily life that shows they obey the religion‘s values. The second point is purity, for she knows the limitation of what a single woman and man are and what things are not supposed to do. Jo conforms to those two principles, but she has her own opinion related to submissiveness and domesticity, which make her unique person at that time. She makes her rebellious acts split all over. She has a disappointment of becoming a girl is caused by limitations of woman‘s behaviors. For Jo‘s struggle in pursuing her dream as a writer is very tough, as she never surrenders to be a woman writer, which was not considered as a job that was well accepted for woman at that time. In conclusion, March women are conform with those four principles, and Jo as the most different one in that family is in between, she still obey the principles of Piety and Purity, but against submissiveness and domesticity. The writer also wants to give suggestion for the readers and other researchers. This analysis could be made deeper by reading the sequence of Little Women novel, Good Wives, because the development of characters will be seen more when they become adult.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FBS/2011/61/051104305 |
| Subjects: | 400 Language > 420 English and Old English (Anglo-Saxon) |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Ilmu Budaya > Bahasa dan Sastra Inggris |
| Depositing User: | Unnamed user with email repository.ub@ub.ac.id |
| Date Deposited: | 05 Oct 2011 13:51 |
| Last Modified: | 18 Oct 2021 06:01 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/100399 |
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