Sugesti, Madiyan and Dr. Ir. Kuswati, MS, IPM., ASEAN Eng and Dr. Agus Susilo, S.Pt., MP, IPM., ASEAN Eng (2022) Karakteristik Karkas dan Kualitas Fisik Daging Sapi Brahman cross dan Shorthorn pada Jenis Kelamin dan Umur yang Berbeda. Magister thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi karakteristik karkas dan kualitas fisik daging sapi Brahman cross dan Shorthorn pada jenis kelamin dan umur yang berbeda. Sebanyak 240 ekor sapi terdiri dari 120 ekor sapi Brahman cross putih dan 120 ekor sapi Shorthorn, masing-masing bangsa sapi terdiri dari dua jenis kelamin yaitu 60 steer dan 60 heifer dan masing masing jenis kelamin terdiri dari tiga kelompok umur yaitu 20 ekor PI0, 20 ekor PI2 dan 20 ekor PI4. Sapi yang digunakan berasal dari PT. KASA Lampung, penilaian karakteristik karkas dilakukan di RPH AM Farm Pringsewu dan penilaian kualitas fisik daging dilakukan di laboratorium PT. KASA Lampung. Hasil yang diperoleh dianalisa menggunakan analisis statistik Rancangan Acak Lengkap pola tersarang dan uji lanjut LSD. Penelitian menunjukkan perbedaan bangsa ternak memberikan hasil yang berbeda nyata terhadap karakteristik karkas dan kualitas fisik daging (P<0,05) dengan nilai tertinggi pada sapi Shorthorn menghasilkan karakteristik karkas lebih tinggi dari sapi Brahman cross dengan persentase karkas 57,57%, bobot daging 181,65 kg, persentase daging 71,79%, rib eye area yang lebih tinggi 93,9 cm2, persentase lemak 6,26%, persentase tulang 21,95%, nilai meat bone ratio 3,28%, meat fat ratio 11,52%, dan tebal lemak punggung 1,06 mm. Sapi Shorthorn menghasilkan kualitas fisik daging yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan sapi Brahman cross, yaitu pH ultimate 5,59, skor warna daging 6,56 (merah terang), warna lemak putih dengan skor 1,06, susut masak 36,45%, daya ikat air 47,06%, keempukan 7,80 kg/cm2, dan marbling 2,19. Perbedaan jenis kelamin menghasilkan nilai yang berbeda nyata terhadap karakteristik karkas dan kualitas fisik daging (P<0,05) karakteristik karkas sapi steer lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan heifer dengan persentase karkas tertinggi pada sapi Shorthorn steer 57,82%, persentase daging 71,95%, persentase lemak 6,10% dan persentase tulang 21,95%, MBR 3,29%, MFR 11,83%, REA 94,8 cm2 dan KLP 1,04mm. Sapi heifer menghasilkan kualitas fisik daging lebih tinggi dari sapi steer yaitu susut masak 36,07%, daya ikat air 47,49%, keempukan 7,73 kg/cm2 dan nilai pH, warna lemak, warna daging dan marbling yang relatif sama dengan sapi Brahman cross. Perbedaan umur pemotongan menghasilkan nilai yang berbeda nyata terhadap karakteristik karkas dan kualitas fisik daging (P<0,05). Karakteristik karkas sapi dengan umur pemotongan PI2 memberikan hasil yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan umur pemotongan PI0 dan PI4, yaitu persentase karkas 57%, persentase daging 72,14%, persentase lemak 6,16% dan persentase tulang 21,70%. Kualitas fisik daging sapi dengan umur pemotongan PI0 lebih tinggi dari umur PI2 dan PI4, yaitu susut masak 35,39%, daya ikat air 47,42%, keempukan 7,52 kg/cm2, nilai pH, skor warna daging, warna lemak dan marbling yang relatif sama dengan sapi Brahman cross. Berdasarkan penelitian tersebut didapatkan hasil bahwa karakteristik karkas terbaik dihasilkan pada sapi Shorthorn steer PI2 dan dan kualitas fisik daging terbaik dihasilkan pada Shorthorn steer PI0.
English Abstract
This study aims to show the different characteristics and physical qualities of Brahman cross and Shorthorn beef in different sexes and ages. a total of 240 cattle consisting of 120 Brahman cross cattle and 120 Shorthorn cattle, each breed of cattle consisted of two sexes namely 60 cattle and 60 white cattle and each sex consisted of three age groups, namely 20 PI0, 20 PI2, and 20 PI4. The cattle used are from PT. KASA Lampung, carcass assessment conducted at RPH AM Farm Pringsewu and physical quality of meat carried out in the laboratory of PT. KASA Lampung. The results obtained were analyzed using a statistical analysis of a completely randomized design with nested patterns and a further LSD test. The study of differences in breeds of cattle gave significantly different results on meat characteristics and physical quality (P<0.05) with the highest value in Shorthorn cattle producing higher carcass characteristics than Brahman cross cattle with a carcass percentage of 57.57%, meat weight 181.65 kg, meat percentage 71.79%, higher rib eye area 93.9 cm2, fat percentage 6.26%, bone percentage 21.95%, meat bone ratio value 3.28%, meat fat ratio 11, 52%, and 1.06 mm thick back fat. Shorthorn cattle produced a higher physical quality of meat than Brahman cross cattle, namely ultimate pH 5.59, meat color score 6.56 (bright red), white fat color with a score of 1.06, cooking loss 36.45%, strength 47.06% water binding, 7.80 kg/cm2 tenderness, and 2.19 marbling. Gender differences resulted in significantly different values for carcass characteristics and physical quality (P<0.05). The carcass characteristics of beef cattle were higher than the highest carcass percentage in Shorthorn steer cattle 57.82%, meat percentage 71, 95%, the proportion of fat 6.10% and the proportion of bone 21.95%, MBR 3.29%, MFR 11.83%, REA 94.8 cm2 and KLP 1.04mm. Cattle sex cattles produced a higher physical quality of meat than bulls, namely cooking loss of 36.07%, water holding capacity of 47.49%, tenderness of 7.73 kg/cm2, and relatively similar pH values, fat color, meat color, and marbling. with a Brahman ox cross. Differences in slaughter age resulted in significantly different values on carcass characteristics and physical quality of meat (P<0.05). carcass characteristics of beef with PI2 slaughter gave higher yields than those with PI0 and PI4 slaughter, namely carcass percentage 57%, meat percentage 72.14%, fat proportion 6.16% and bone proportion 21.70%. The physical quality of beef with slaughter age PI0 is higher than the age of PI2 and PI4, namely cooking loss 35.39%, water holding capacity 47.42%, tenderness 7.52 kg/cm2, pH value, meat color score, fat color, and relatively the same marbling as brahman cross cattle. Based on these studies, it was found that the best carcass characteristics were produced on Shorthorn steer PI2 cattle and the best physical quality of meat produced on Shorthorn steer PI0.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Magister) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | 0422050010 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Karakteristik karkas, Kualitas fisik daging, bangsa, jenis kelamin, umur, Carcass characteristics, physical quality of meat, breed, sex, age |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 636 Animal husbandry |
| Divisions: | S2/S3 > Doktor Ilmu Ternak, Fakultas Peternakan |
| Depositing User: | Budi Wahyono Wahyono |
| Date Deposited: | 09 May 2022 03:35 |
| Last Modified: | 25 Jul 2022 03:35 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/190290 |
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