Raissa, Ricadonna (2019) Studi Ekstrak Etanol Daun Azadirachta indica terhadap Aktivitas Aspartate Transaminase/Alanine Transaminase dan Kadar Alfa Fetoprotein pada Hewan Model Karsinoma Hepatoseluler. Magister thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Karsinoma hepatoseluler merupakan tumor ganas hepar primer berasal dari hepatosit. Obat antikanker dari herbal dibutuhkan karena mempunyai efek samping yang minimal dan harga produksi yang lebih rendah daripada menggunakan obat kemoterapi. Tanaman Azadirachta indica mempunyai potensi sebagai obat antikanker. Tanaman ini merupakan tanaman spesies asli Indonesia dan spesies eksotis Filipina. Perbedaan tempat asal tumbuh akan mempengaruhi kadar metabolit sekunder tanaman yang dipengaruhi oleh iklim, faktor genetik, lingkungan, kadar kimia tanah makro. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendapatkan obat antikanker herbal dari daun Azadirachta indica dari Indonesia (EEAII) dan Filipina (EEAIF) yang memiliki efek berpotensi sebagai antikanker paling baik. Pada penelitian ini, digunakan dietilnitrosamin (DEN) dan karbon tetraklorida (CCl4) sebagai induktor karsinoma hepatoseluler pada hepar tikus (Rattus norvegicus) jantan. Penelitian ini terbagi menjadi tiga tahapan, tahapan pertama; yaitu pembuatan EEAII dan EEAIF; tahapan kedua, yaitu penelitian in silico interaksi ikatan senyawa bioaktif Azadirachta indica terhadap protein anti-apoptosis Bcl-2; tahapan ketiga, yaitu penelitian in vivo potensi EEAII dan EEAIF terhadap tikus jantan Rattus norvegicus model karsinoma hepatoseluler dengan menganalisa aktivitas enzim aspartat aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) dan kadar alpha fetoprotein (AFP). Penelitian ini menggunakan hewan coba tikus (Rattus norvegicus) jantan yang diinduksi DEN + CCl4 yang dibagi dalam enam kelompok terapi dan masing – masing kelompok 4 ekor. Kelompok terapi pertama menggunakan EEAII dosis 500 mg/kgBB/hari, kelompok terapi kedua menggunakan EEAIF dosis 500 mg/kgBB/hari, kelompok terapi ketiga menggunakan obat standar Sorafenib 15 mg/hari, kelompok terapi keempat menggunakan EEAII dosis 500 mg/kgBB + Sorafenib 15 mg/hari, kelompok terapi kelima menggunakan EEAIF dosis 500 mg/kgBB + Sorafenib 15 mg/hari dan kelompok kontrol negatif. Terapi dilakukan selama 30 hari. Hasil terapi karsinoma hepatoseluler pada dosis EEAIF + Sorafenib memiliki presentase penurunan aktivitas AST yang mendekati kemampuan obat standar sorafenib sedangkan untuk presentase penurunan aktivitas ALT yang mendekati kemampuan obat standar sorafenib pada dosis EEAIF. Presentase penurunan kadar AFP terbaik ada pada dosis EEAIF. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini bahwa EEAI mengandung senyawa betulin, lupeol, sesamolin, epicatechin yang terbukti menghabat protein anti-apoptosis Bcl-2, menurunkan aktivitas AST/ALT dan kadar AFP pada tikus jantan Rattus norvegicus yang mendapat terapi ekstrak etanol Azadirachta indica.
English Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma is a primary malignant tumor originating from hepatocytes. Anticancer drugs from herbs are needed because they have minimal side effects and lower production costs than using chemotherapy drugs. Azadirachta indica plant has potential as an anticancer drug. This plant is a plant native to Indonesia and exotic species of the Philippines. The difference in place of origin will affect the levels of plant secondary metabolites that are influenced by climate, genetic factors, environment, and chemical levels of macro soil. This study aims to obtain herbal anticancer drugs from Azadirachta indica leaves from Indonesia (EEAII) and the Philippines (EEAIF) which have the potential to be the best anticancer effects. In this study, diethylnitrosamine (DEN) and carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) are used as hepatocellular carcinomas inductors in male liver (Rattus norvegicus) rats. This research is divided into three stages, the first stage; namely the making of EEAII and EEAIF; the second stage, in silico research on the interaction of the bioactive compound Azadirachta indica to the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 protein; the third stage, in vivo research on the potential of EEAII and EEAIF on male Rattus norvegicus models of hepatocellular carcinoma by analyzing the activity of the enzyme aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and alpha fetoprotein (AFP) levels. This study used male Rattus norvegicus induced by DEN + CCl4 which were divided into six treatment groups and each group of 4 animals. The first therapy group uses EEAII dose 500 mg / kgBB / day, the second therapy group uses EEAIF dose 500 mg / kgBB / day, the third therapy group uses standard drug Sorafenib 15 mg / day, the fourth therapy group uses EEAII dose 500 mg / kgBB + Sorafenib 15 mg / day, the fifth therapy group uses EEAIF dose 500 mg / kgBB + Sorafenib 15 mg / day and negative control group. Therapy is carried out for 30 days. The results of hepatocellular carcinoma therapy at EEAIF + Sorafenib dose have a decreased percentage of AST activity which is close to the ability of the standard drug sorafenib while for the percentage decrease in ALT activity that approaches the ability of the standard sorafenib drug at EEAIF dose. The best percentage reduction in AFP levels is at EEAIF dose. The conclusion of this study is that EEAI contains compounds such as betulin, lupeol, sesamolin, epicatechin which have been shown to inhibit the Bcl-2 anti-apoptotic protein, reduce AST / ALT activity and AFP levels in male Rattus norvegicus mice receiving ethanol extract Azadirachta indica.
Other obstract
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| Item Type: | Thesis (Magister) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | TES/583.77/RAI/s/2019/041911443 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | AZADIRACHTA, ASPARTATE AMINOTRANSFERASE, ALANINE, |
| Subjects: | 500 Natural sciences and mathematics > 583 Magnoliopsida (Dicotyledons) > 583.7 Rosidae > 583.77 Rutales |
| Divisions: | S2/S3 > Magister Kimia, Fakultas MIPA |
| Depositing User: | Budi Wahyono Wahyono |
| Date Deposited: | 20 Jan 2020 01:53 |
| Last Modified: | 25 Oct 2021 04:30 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/178087 |
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