Wahyuningtyas, Esther Arie (2019) Karakterisasi Dan Identifikasi Keragaman Jamur Tiram Di Kabupaten Malang, Jawa Timur. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Jamur tiram merupakan salah satu jenis jamur edible yang saat ini berkembang pesat, selain harganya murah dan mudah untuk dibudidayakan. Masa produksi jamur tiram relatif lebih cepat. Harga jualnya pun relatif stabil. Sehingga permintaan masyarakat akan jamur tiram dapat meningkatkan pendapatan petani jamur. Jamur tiram tergolong ke dalam kelas Basidiomycetes memiliki keragaman jenis jika terlihat dari morfologi seperti warna tubuh buah, bentuk tudung, ukuran tudung, ukuran tangkai serta karakter lainnya. Setiap jenis biasanya dibedakan menurut warna tudung buah diantaranya jamur tiram putih (Pleurotus ostreatus), jamur tiram coklat (Pleurotus cytidiosus), jamur tiram abu (Pleurotus sajor-caju) dan jamur tiram merah muda (Pleurotus flabellatus). Analisis keragaman suatu organisme dapat dilakukan baik secara morfologis, yaitu dengan pengamatan langsung terhadap ciri-ciri fenotipik organisme maupun secara molekuler mengunakan penanda (marker) tertentu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui koefisien kemiripan antar aksesi jamur tiram di Kabupaten Malang berdasarkan karakter kualitatif dan aksesi yang berpotensi untuk dijadikan calon induk bibit F0. Hipotesa dari penelitian ini adalah terdapat perbedaan koefisien kemiripan antar aksesi jamur tiram di Kabupaten Malang berdasarkan karakter kualitatif dan terdapat beberapa aksesi yang berpotensi untuk dijadikan calon induk bibit F0. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Maret hingga Mei 2018, di 15 kecamatan di kabupaten Malang dan UPT Pengembangan Jamur Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Brawijaya. Alat yang digunakan yaitu kamera, panduan deskriptor jamur tiram, alat tulis, penggaris jangka sorong dan kuisioner pengambilan sampel jamur tiram. Bahan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah jamur tiram yang berada di lokasi penelitian. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik snowball sampling. Hasil karakterisasi dianalisis kelompok dengan software NTSYS 2.02 yang menghasilakan dendogram. Hasil penelitian eksplorasi jamur tiram di kabupaten Malang menunjukkan bahwa diperoleh 51 akesi jamur tiram yang tersebar di 15 kecamatan di kabupaten Malang. Analisis kelompok pada 51 aksesi jamur tiram berdasarkan karakter kualitatif didapatkan koefisien kemiripan antar aksesi sebesar 0,63-1,00. Aksesi yang berpotensi yang dapat dijadikan sebagai induk bibit F0 antara lain BL1, GDL2, NT3, NT4, NT6C, NT7, NT8, PGL2, PK7, WJ3, WG1 dan WG6
English Abstract
Oyster mushroom is a kind of edible mushroom which is cultivated widely and rapidly, as it has economical prize and it is easy to be cultivated. It needs short time to grow so that it can be productive fast. Its market rate is also relatively stable. The increasing of demand toward oyster mushroom among the society will be effected in the increasing of income for the oyster mushroom farmers. Oyster mushroom is classified into Basidiomycetes which morphologically has various kinds in for example the colour of the body, the shape of cap, the size of cap, the size of stem and any other various characters. Some kinds of oyster mushrooms can be differentiated from their colour of their caps, such as white oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus), brown oyster mushroom (Pleurotus cytidiosus), grey oyster mushroom (Pleurotus sajor-caju) and pink oyster mushroom (Pleurotus flabellatus). The analysis on the organism variety can be done in two ways, morphological observation and by using molecular investigation. Morphological observation toward the organism will deal with their fenotipe characteristics while molecular investigation requires specific marker. This research is conducted to identify the similarity coefficients among oyster mushroom accession in Malang regency and the potential accession for being chosen as FO parent. The hypothesis of this research will be the differentiations of the similarity coefficients between oyster mushroom accession in Malang regency which is based on the qualitative characters and some other accession which is potentially becoming FO parent This research was conducted from March up to May 2018 in 15 districts around Malang Regency and in UPT Pengembangan Jamur the Faculty of Agriculture Brawijaya University. The tools used in the research, are GPS (Global Positioning System), a camera, the descriptor guidance of oyster mushroom, writing implement, a caliper, an exploration map of oyster mushroom, and questionnaire on oyster mushroom sampling collection. The material of this research was the oyster mushroom taken in the research area. This research was handling by using snowball sampling. The result of characterization was analyzed in group using NTSYS 2.02 which was in dendogram. The result of the research in oyster mushroom exploration in Malang regecny shows that there are at least 51 accessions of oyster mushroom spread in 15 districts around Malang regency. Cluster analysis toward 51 accessions of oyster mushroom which is based qualitative characters is resulting in the finding of similarity coefficient among the accessions as much as 0.63 – 1.00. The accessions which are potentially becoming FO parent are BL1, GDL2, NT3, NT4, NT6, NT7, NT8, PGL2, PK7, WJ3, WG1 and WG6.
Other obstract
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| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FP/2019/275/051907047 |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 635 Garden crops (Horticulture) > 635.8 Mushrooms and truffles |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Budidaya Pertanian |
| Depositing User: | Nur Cholis |
| Date Deposited: | 24 Aug 2020 07:02 |
| Last Modified: | 22 Oct 2021 03:37 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/173127 |
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