Irfanesty, NafishaHaqque (2014) Analisis Pendapatan dan Tingkat Kepuasan Petani Padi (Oryza sativa L.) Terhadap Penggunaan Pupuk Organik (Studi Kasus di Desa Sumber Dawesari, Kecamatan Grati, Kabupaten Pasuruan. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Memasuki era modern seperti sekarang, kesadaran masyarakat Indonesia dalam mengkonsumsi produk pertanian bebas residu pestisida dan untuk menjaga kelestarian lingkungan semakin meningkat. Oleh karena itulah semakin banyak bermunculan produk-produk organik di pasaran, mulai dari produk segar hingga produk olahan seperti sayur-sayuran, buah-buahan, hingga tanaman pangan berupa beras. Sistem pertanian organik telah sukses dilaksanakan di beberapa wilayah di Indonesia, tak terkecuali di wilayah Jawa Timur. Kota-kota yang telah terbukti sukses mengembangkan padi organik adalah Malang, Mojokerto, Lumajang, Kediri, dan Pasuruan. Khusus di Kabupaten Pasuruan, wilayah yang sudah terkenal sebagai pengembang padi organik adalah Kecamatan Purwodadi dan Purwosari. Mengacu dari kesuksesan petani-petani dari kedua kecamatan itulah, petani di Kecamatan Grati turut serta mengembangkan pertanian organik pada padi sawah milik mereka. Untuk itu petani di Kecamatan Grati merintisnya dengan menggunakan pupuk organik dalam memicu pertumbuhan padi. Akan tetapi pupuk organik yang digunakan oleh petani di Kecamatan Grati adalah pupuk organik kemasan. Sedangkan pupuk organik alami yang berupa kompos masih digunakan oleh segelintir petani yang notabene memiliki hewan ternak. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui perbandingan pendapatan usahatani antara petani yang menggunakan pupuk organik kemasan dengan petani yang menggunakan pupuk organik alami, serta mengukur dan menganalisis tingkat kepuasan petani terhadap penggunaan pupuk organik kemasan. Metode analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini ada 4 jenis metode, yaitu analisis usahatani, analisis uji beda rata-rata, analisis kepentingan dan kinerja, serta Indeks Kepuasan Konsumen. Analisis usahatani yang digunakan meliputi analisis biaya usahatani, analisis penerimaan usahatani, dan analisis pendapatan usahatani. Metode analisis usahatani dan uji beda rata-rata digunakan untuk mengetahui perbedaan pendapatan usahatani yang diperoleh antara petani pengguna pupuk organik kemasan dan petani pengguna pupuk organik alami. Sedangkan untuk mengukur tingkat kepuasan yang dirasakan petani pengguna pupuk organik kemasan digunakan metode Importance Performance Analysis dan Customer Satisfaction Index. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa biaya usahatani per hektar per musim tanam yang dikeluarkan oleh petani padi semi organik yang menggunakan pupuk organik alami lebih besar dibandingkan petani padi yang menggunakan pupuk organik kemasan. Dimana rata-rata biaya total usahatani padi semi organik yang menggunakan pupuk organik alami adalah Rp. 17.258.109 dan rata-rata biaya total usahatani padi semi organik yang menggunakan pupuk organik kemasan adalah Rp. 14.174.727. Biaya total yang sedikit lebih besar tersebut berbanding lurus dengan total penerimaan yang didapatkan oleh petani pengguna pupuk organik alami yang juga lebih besar dibandingkan penerimaan yang didapatkan petani pengguna pupuk organik kemasan. Rata-rata pendapatan petani pengguna pupuk organik alami adalah Rp. 29.158.752 dan rata-rata pendapatan petani pengguna pupuk organik kemasan adalah 16.706.237. Berdasarkan hasil uji beda rata-rata didapatkan nilai Fhitung lebih kecil daripada Ftabel yang menunjukkan bahwa varian pendapatan petani tidak berbeda nyata, dan didapatkan nilai thitung lebih besar daripada ttabel yang mengindikasikan bahwa rata-rata pendapatan petani padi semi organik berbeda nyata. Berdasarkan hasil Importance Performance Analysis atribut-atribut yang dinilai petani memiliki kinerja baik adalah harga pupuk, kemudahan aplikasi, ketahanan rebah, kesuburan tanah, dan kualitas beras. Sedangkan atribut yang memiliki kinerja sedang yaitu kandungan unsur hara, ketersediaan pupuk, produktivitas padi, pengaruh terhadap hama dan penyakit, kebutuhan air, dan harga jual beras. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan Indeks Kepuasan Petani atau Customer Satisfaction Index dimana petani sebagai konsumen pupuk organik kemasan, didapatkan hasil 79,72% yang menunjukkan bahwa secara keseluruhan petani merasa terpuaskan oleh kinerja atribut-atribut pupuk organik kemasan. Saran yang bisa diberikan oleh peneliti bagi petani yang masih menggunakan pupuk organik kemasan untuk beralih menggunakan pupuk organik alami. Karena meskipun biaya total yang dikeluarkan lebih besar, namun total penerimaan yang didapatkan jauh lebih besar pula. Sedangkan saran yang bisa diberikan untuk perusahaan pupuk organik yaitu lebih meningkatkan kinerja pupuk organik kemasan untuk mendapatkan kepuasan maksimal dari petani. Khususnya pada atribut ketersediaan pupuk, produktivitas padi, ketahanan terhadap hama dan penyakit, dan harga jual beras.
English Abstract
In this modern era, public awareness of Indonesia in consuming pesticide residue-free agricultural products and to protect the environment is increasing. That is why a growing number of emerging organic products on the market, ranging from fresh produce to processed products such as vegetables, fruits, to food crops such as rice. Organic farming systems have been successfully implemented in several regions in Indonesia, including in East Java. Cities that have proven successful in developing organic rice is Malang, Mojokerto, Lumajang, Kediri and Pasuruan. Especially in Pasuruan, the area that has been known as a developer of organic rice is the District Purwodadi and Purwosari. Referring to the success of farmers from the two subdistricts that farmers in Subdistrict Grati participate in developing organic agriculture in their wetlands. Therefore farmers in Subdistrict Grati pioneered by using the organic fertilizers to trigger the growth of rice. However, organic fertilizers that is used by farmers in the subdistrict Grati are organic fertilizer in packaging. While natural organic fertilizer in the form of compost is still used by a few farmers who incidentally had livestock. This study aims to determine the ratio of farm income among farmers who use organic fertilizer in packaging with farmers who use natural organic fertilizers, as well as measure and analyze the level of satisfaction of farmers to use organic fertilizer in packaging. There are four types of analysis methods that used in this study, namely the analysis of farming, different test analysis on average, interest and performance analysis, as well as the Customer Satisfaction Index. Analysis of farming that used includes farm cost analysis, analysis of farm receipts and farm income analysis. Analytical methods of farming and the average difference test is used to determine the differences in farm income earned between farmers who use organic fertilizer in packaging and farmers who use natural organic fertilizer. Meanwhile, to measure the level of satisfaction felt by the farmers who used organic fertilizer in packaging, using methods Importance Performance Analysis and Customer Satisfaction Index. The results showed that the cost of farming per hectare per cropping season released by semi-organic rice farmers who use organic fertilizers, naturally bigger than rice farmers who use organic fertilizer in packaging. Where the average total cost of semi-organic rice farming using natural organic fertilizers is 17.258.109 rupiahs and the average total cost of semi-organic rice farming using organic fertilizer in packaging is 14.174.727 rupiahs. The total cost that slightly bigger is proportional to the total revenue that earned by farmers who use natural organic fertilizer is also greater than the revenues that obtained by farmers who use organic fertilizer in packaging. The average income of farmers who use natural organic fertilizer is 29.158.752 rupiahs and the average income of farmers who use organic fertilizer in packaging is 16.706.237 rupiahs. Based on the test results of different test average obtained Fcount is smaller than the Ftable which shows that the variance of farmers income was not significantly different, and obtained that tcount is bigger than ttable which indicates that the average income of semi-organic rice farmers is significantly different. Based on the results of Importance Performance Analysis of the attributes that assessed by farmers that have a good performance are the price of fertilizer, ease of application, lodging resistance, soil fertility, and quality of rice. As for attributes that have a moderate performance are nutrient content, availability of fertilizer, rice productivity, the effect of pests and diseases, water demand, and the price of rice. Based on calculations of Farmer Satisfaction Index or Customer Satisfaction Index where farmers as consumer of organic fertilizer in packaging, showed that 79.72% which indicates that most of the farmer felt satisfied by the performance attributes of organic fertilizer in packaging. Advice that can be given by researchers to farmers who still use organic fertilizer in packaging to switch to using natural organic fertilizers. Because even though the total cost incurred is greater, but the total revenue obtained is much greater. While the advice that can be given to organic fertilizer company is improve the performance of organic fertilizer in packaging to get the maximum satisfaction of the farmers. Especially on the attribute of availability fertilizer, rice productivity, resistance to pests and diseases, and the selling price of rice.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FP/2014/439/051407963 |
| Subjects: | 300 Social sciences > 338 Production > 338.1 Agriculture |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Agribisnis |
| Depositing User: | Budi Wahyono Wahyono |
| Date Deposited: | 03 Dec 2014 07:35 |
| Last Modified: | 20 Oct 2021 12:39 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/129918 |
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