Fitria, R. Ipik Veradiba Carine (2018) Faktor-Faktor Penerimaan Positif Maroko Terhadap Pengungsi Pasca Pengesahan Konstitusi 2011. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Maroko, atau lebih dikenal dengan Kerajaan Maroko merupakan negara di kawasan Afrika Utara dengan letak geografis yang cukup strategis bagi jalur migrasi ke Eropa. Maroko berbatasan langsung dengan Spanyol yang menyebabkan ribuan migran, pengungsi, serta pencari suaka melewati Maroko sebagai negara transit untuk menuju Eropa sebagai destinasi utama. Sebelumnya, Maroko sendiri adalah negara pengirim migran yang cukup besar dengan jumlah total diaspora Maroko di luar negeri hampir mencapai 10% dari total jumlah penduduknya. Dinamika Maroko sebagai negara pengirim, transit, dan kini menjadi negara penerima pengungsi membuat Maroko memiliki dinamika kebijakan yang cukup menarik untuk diteliti. Dimulai dari Law 02-03 yang membuat Maroko menjadi negara Arab pertama yang memiliki regulasi mengenai pengungsi, pengesahan konstitusi 2011, hingga disahkannya National Policy on Immigration and Asylum (NPIA) di tahun 2013 membuat Maroko terus mendapatkan pujian dari berbagai pihak atas regulasi yang cukup ramah terhadap pengungsi tersebut, terlepas dari berbagai tekanan diplomatik yang pernah diterima Maroko dari negara lain seperti Spanyol dan Yunani. Maroko kemudian juga menawarkan permanent residency bagi pengungsi yang memenuhi prosedur. Dalam membahas motif dibalik respon positif Maroko, Penulis menggunakan konsep factors influencing refugee policy choices dari Karen Jacobsen yang menjelaskan 4 variabel faktor yang mempengaruhi pembentukan respon Maroko terhadap kedatangan pengungsi, antara lain keputusan birokratik, hubungan internasional, daya tampung masyarat lokal, serta pertimbangan keamanan nasional.
English Abstract
Morocco, or also known as the Kingdom of Morocco is a country in North Africa which is geographically strategic for the route of migration to Europe. Morocco, which is also on border with Spain attracts thousands of migrants, refugees, and also asylum seekers to pass through Morocco as transit country during their journey to Europe as their main destination. Before becoming a transit country, Morocco was also a major sending country of migrants with the total of Moroccan diaspora in other countries is almost at 10% of its total population. Morocco’s experience as a sending, transit, and now a host country has a unique implication on it’s policy on immigration, which is interesting to look further. Starting from the Law 02-03, which later made Morocco as the first Arabian country to adopt a comprehensive regulation on refugees, the ratification of 2011 constitution, and finally the launching of National Policy on Immigration and Asylum (NPIA) in 2013 contributes to the various praises from international community on its humanist and generous policy on refugee and asylum seeker, despite some diplomatic pressures from its neighbouring countries such as Spain and Greece to halt the influx of refugees to their country. Morocco later is also known to offer permanent residency to the refugees who have completed all procedures. In analyzing the motives behind Morocco’s positive response, the author uses the concept of Factors Influencing Refugee Policy Choices by Karen Jacobsen, which explores 4 main variables that have influence on the shaping of Morocco’s response on refugee influx, and they are bureaucratic choices, international relations, absorption capacity of the local community, and national security considerations.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FIS/2018/80/051802536 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Maroko, arus kedatangan pengungsi, factors influencing refugee policy choices. |
| Subjects: | 300 Social sciences > 325 International migration and colonization |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik > Hubungan Internasional |
| Depositing User: | Budi Wahyono Wahyono |
| Date Deposited: | 03 May 2018 07:14 |
| Last Modified: | 18 Oct 2021 01:31 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/10202 |
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