Krismawanti, Denis Dwi (2017) Pengoptimalan Waktu dengan Pertimbangan Biaya Proyek Konstruksi dengan Metode Time Cost Trade Off. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Penelitian ini dilakukan pada perusahaan jasa yang mengkhususkan dalam bidang konstruksi. Salah satu proyek konstruksi yang ditangani yaitu proyek konstruksi pembangunan gedung olahraga di provinsi Bengkulu, dalam hal ini perusahaan bertindak sebagai kontraktor. Pelaksanaan proyek konstruksi gedung olahraga dibagi menjadi tiga pekerjaan utama yaitu pekerjaan persiapan, pekerjaan standar dan pekerjaan non standar. Pekerjaan standar dan non standar meliputi pekerjaan struktur, pekerjaan arsitektur dan pekerjaan mekanikal dan elektrikal. Proyek yang dibangun berdasarkan rencana awal akan dibangun selama 7 bulan atau ± 26 minggu (September 2016 – Maret 2017). Proyek pembangunan gedung olahraga tersebut membutuhkan biaya ± Rp 9 Milyar. Berdasarkan data laporan mingguan pelaksanaan proyek pembangunan gedung olahraga diketahui terjadi keterlambatan dari minggu pertama dan terjadi peningkatan deviasi keterlambatan tiap minggunya sehingga perlu adanya analisa untuk menghindari terjadinya keterlambatan proyek. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan network planning dengan metode Precedence Diagram Method (PDM) dengan bantuan Microsoft Project 2013. Perencanaan jaringan didasarkan pada breakdown existing schedule guna mengetahui lintasan kritis yang akan dijadikan dasar dilakukannya percepatan proyek. Percepatan proyek dilakukan pada aktivitas terpilih dari beberapa aktivitas alternatif yang telah diperoleh dari perencanaan jaringan kerja. Percepatan proyek dilakukan dengan metode time cost trade off dengan membandingkan percepatan dengan penambahan jam lembur dan penambahan tenaga kerja. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan dilakukan analisa meliputi analisa durasi dan biaya proyek setelah dan sebelum adanya jam lembur maupun penambahan tenaga kerja. Kemudian juga dilakukan analisa durasi optimal dengan mempertimbangkan penambahan biaya akibat penambahan jam lembur, penambahan tenaga kerja serta biaya denda jika proyek dibiarkan terlambat. Sehingga diperoleh rekomendasi durasi optimal untuk pelaksanaan proyek. Pelaksanaan proyek diperkirakan akan selesai selama 196 hari akibat adanya keterlmbatan. Berdasarkan hasil perencanaan jaringan kerja dengan bantuan Microsoft Project dan Precedence Diagram diketahui terdapat 59 jalur kritis yang dikelompokkan menjadi empat rangkaian. Pada jalur kritis terpilih 39 task yang menjadi alternatif aktivitas untuk percepatan proyek. Berdasarkan percepatan yang telah dilakukan diperoleh waktu optimum proyek yaitu 187 hari kerja dengan biaya optimum Rp. 9.507.853.620,00 pada penambahan jam lembur dan 187 hari kerja dengan biaya optimum Rp. 9,519,982,370,03 pada penambahan tenaga kerja. Berdasarkan data tersebut pilihan terbaik yang dapat direkomendasikan adalah dengan penambahan jam kerja (lembur), karena menghasilkan efisiensi waktu dan biaya yang paling tinggi dengan efisiensi waktu proyek sebanyak 9 hari (4,59%). Jika proyek dibiarkan terlambat selama 2 minggu, kontraktor harus membayar biaya tambahan sebesar Rp. 126.302.203,54 sehingga total biaya yang harus dibayarkan yaitu Rp. 9.652.013.170,50. Percepatan proyek selama 9 hari tersebut diperoleh dari hasil penambahan jam kerja atau waktu lembur pada 19 aktivitas terpilih.
English Abstract
This research is conducted on service company specializing in construction. One of the construction projects handled is the construction project of sports building development in Bengkulu province, in this case the company acts as a contractor. The execution of a sports building construction project is divided into three main jobs: preparatory work, standard work and non-standard work. Standard and non-standard work includes structural work, architectural work and mechanical and electrical work. Based on early plan, the project plan will be built for 7 months or ± 26 weeks (September 2016 - March 2017). The building construction project cost ± Rp 9 billion. Based on weekly report of the implementation of sports building project, is known that there is a delay from the first week and there is an increase in the deviation of delay each week so that there is an analysis to avoid the delay of the project. In this research, network planning is done using Precedence Diagram Method (PDM) with Microsoft Project 2013. Network planning is based on breakdown of existing schedule to find out critical path which will be used as base of project acceleration. Project acceleration is conducted on selected activities of some alternative activities that have been obtained from network planning. The acceleration of the project is done by the time cost trade off method by comparing the acceleration with the addition of overtime and the addition of manpower. Based on the calculation, the analysis includes the analysis of duration and cost of the project after and before the hours of overtime as well as the addition of manpower. The optimal duration analysis is also done by considering the additional cost due to the addition of overtime hours, the addition of labor and the cost of fines if the project is left late. Therefore, the optimal duration recommendation for project implementation is obtained. Project implementation is expected to be completed for 196 days due to involvement. Based on the results of network planning by using Microsoft Project and Precedence Diagram helping known there are 59 critical paths are grouped into four series. In the critical path selected 39 tasks that became an alternative activity for project acceleration. Based on the acceleration that has been done obtained the optimum time of the project is 187 working days with optimum cost Rp. 9,507,853,620.03 in addition of overtime and 187 working days with optimum cost Rp. 9,519,982,370,03 on the addition of labor. Based on the data, the best option that can be recommended is the addition of working hours (overtime), because it produces the highest efficiency of time and cost with a project time efficiency of 9 days (4.59%). If the project is left late for 2 weeks, the contractor must pay an additional fee of Rp. 126.302.203,54 so that the total cost to be paid is Rp. 9.652.013.170,50. The 9-day project acceleration was obtained from the addition of working hours or overtime on 19 selected activities.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FT/2017/874/051708716 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Time Cost Trade Off, Precedence Diagram Method, Proyek Konstruksi Gedung Olahraga |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 692 Auxiliary construction practices > 692.5 Estimates of labor, time, materials |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Teknik > Teknik Industri |
| Depositing User: | Budi Wahyono Wahyono |
| Date Deposited: | 22 Sep 2017 09:57 |
| Last Modified: | 12 Dec 2020 11:47 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/2872 |
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