Muhammad, Sahri (2002) Ekonomi Rumahtangga Nelayan Dan Pemanfaatan Sumberdaya Perikanan Di Javva Timur : Suatu Analisis Simulasi Kebijakan. Doktor thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Tujuan penelitian adalah : (1) membangun model ekonomi rumahtangga nelayan, (2) menganalisis dampak perubahan kebijakan dan non-kebijakan terhadap keragaan ekonomi rumahtangga nelayan, dan (3) menentukan pilihan kebijakan pemanfaatan sumberdaya perikanan dan pengembangan industri perikanan yang bertumpu pada peningkatan pendapatan rumahtangga nelayan. Estimasi Maximum Sustainable Yield (MSY ) menggunakan effort baku purse seine dengan metode Ordinary Least Squares (OLS). Data sekunder tahun 1979 -1999 digunakan untuk mengestimasi MSY dengan pendekatan Biomas Dynamics Surplus Model dari Schaefer. Model ekonomi rumahtangga nelayan merupakan pengembangan model ekonomi rumahtangga pertanian dengan mengintegrasikan aspek bio-ekonomi dan keterkaitan perilaku rumahtangga Juragan dan Pendega. Model dibangun sebagai model ekonometrika dalam bentuk sistem persamaan simultan. Responden diwakili rumahtangga Juragan dan Pendega dari 120 contoh unit armada penangkapan ikan. Estimasi model ekonomi rumahtangga nelayan menggunakan metode two Stage Least Squares (2SLS). Validasi model menggunakan kriteria RMSPE dan U-Theil. Simulasi perubahan kebijakan dan non-kebijakan terdiri dari 49 skenario tunggal dan kombinasi, yaitu : (1) perubahan harga BBM, (2) pengembangan teknologi, (3) perubahan harga ikan dan curahan kerja non -melaut, (4) pengaturan bagi hasil, (5) pengembangan bisnis dan industri perikanan ZEE 200 mil, dan (6) perubahan daerah penangkapan ikan. Dampak kebijakan kenaikan harga BBM menunjukka penurunan produksi ikan dan pendapatan nelayan. Peningkatan pendapatan nelayan dalam menghadapi goncangan ekonomi karena kenaikan harga BBM memerlukan kombinasi kebijakan dan terpadu, yaitu : (1) penyediaan kredit, (2) peningkatan keterampilan nelayan, (3) peningkatan ukuran kapal, (4) pengembangan teknologi ramah lingkungan, (5) pelayanan pelabuhan perikanan lepas pantai, (6) peningkatan pendapatan non-melaut, (7) perbaikan harga ikan, dan (8) perluasan daerah penangkapan ikan. Pengembangan altematif pendapatan non-melaut dapat mengurangi tekanan eksploitasi sumberdaya perikanan. Untuk meningkatkan pendapatan rumahtangga nelayan dan pemanfaatan sumberdaya perikanan secara berkelanjutan pada tingkat Total Allowable Catch disarankan : (1) penurunan pemanfaatan sumberdaya perikanan pantai dengan peningkatan altematif lapangan kerja dan pendapatan non-melaut bagi rumahtangga nelayan, dan (2) peningkatan pemanfaatan sumberdaya perikanan di lepas pantai dan ZEE 200 mil dengan dukungan kombimasi kebijakan dan terpadu dalam penyediaan kredit, perbaikan teknologi, peningkatan keterampilan nelayan, harga ikan dan pelayanan pelabuhan perikanan lepas pantai.
English Abstract
The objectives of this research are : (1) to build fishery household economic model, (2) to analyze the impact of policy and non-policy variables on household economic performances, and (3) to determine alternative policies for fisheries resources utilization and fisheries industry based on fishermen household income improvement. The estimation of Maximum Sustainable Yield (MSY) has been carried out using purse seine standard effort by OLS method. Secondary data from 1979 -1999 were used to estimate MSY using Biomass Dynamic Schaefer Model approach. The fishery household model was developed base on agricultural household model by integrating bio-economic aspects and interrelations of Juragan and Pendega household behaviour. The model was constructed as an econometric model using simultaneous equations system. It represents the household of owner (Juragan) and crewship (Pendega) of 120 samples of fishing unit. The estimation of fishery household model using 2SLS method. The model was validated using the RMSPE and U-Theil criteria. Simulation consists of 49 scenarios of single and combination policies variables, by : (1) changing of fuel price, (2) technological development, (3) changing price of fish and working time on non-fishing activities, (4) allocation of crew income, (5) increasing activities of business and fishing industry on the Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) area, and (6) changing on the zone of fishing area. The impact of increasing oil price policy will decrease fish production and income of fishery household. Increasing oil price policy to increase household income if supported by combination and integrated policies of : (1) credits support, (2) increasing of fishermen skill quality, (3) increasing of vessel size, (4) development of friendly technology, (5) facilities off-shore fisheries harbour development, (6) increasing working time and non-fishing income alternative, (7) increasing price of fish, and (8) increasing the zoning of fishing area. Improving alternative non-fishing income of fishery houssholds will reduce resources exploitation. To increase household income and utilization of sustainable fisheries resources at Total Allowable Catch by : (1) decreasing coastal fisheries resources utilization by increasing alternative non-fishing income of fishery household, and (2) increasing fisheries resources utilization at off-shore and 200 mile of EEZ by combination and integreted policies in credit, technology development, fishermen skill quality, price of fish, and facilities off-shore fisheries harbour.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Doktor) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | - |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | ekonomi rumahtangga nelayan, kebijakan perikanan, pemanfaatan sumberdaya perikanan, maximum sustainable yield-fishery household economics, fisheries policy, fisheries resources utilization, maximum sustainable yield |
| Divisions: | S2/S3 > Doktor Ilmu Pertanian, Fakultas Pertanian |
| Depositing User: | soegeng sugeng |
| Date Deposited: | 31 Jul 2024 03:19 |
| Last Modified: | 31 Jul 2024 03:19 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/226003 |
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