Karakterisasi dan Penentuan Potensi Aktivitas Biologis Turunan Chitosan Schiff Base dari Limbah Kulit Udang Windu (Penaeus monodon) yang Disintesis Menggunakan Metode Mekanokimia

Fatika, Febryan Amalia Wahyu and Feronika Heppy Sriherfyna, STP, MP, Ph.D and Dr. Hernawan, S.Si, M.Sc (2023) Karakterisasi dan Penentuan Potensi Aktivitas Biologis Turunan Chitosan Schiff Base dari Limbah Kulit Udang Windu (Penaeus monodon) yang Disintesis Menggunakan Metode Mekanokimia. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.

Abstract

Kitosan merupakan polimer alami tidak beracun, yang bersifat biokompatibel dapat terurai secara alami, renewable dan telah diaplikasikan pada berbagai industri. Kitosan (Ch) dapat diperoleh dari limbah kulit udang windu (Penaeus monodon) melalui proses demineralisasi, deproteinasi, dan deasetilasi. Kitosan dikenal sebagai polimer bioaktif, karena memiliki aktivitas biologis intrinsik seperti antibakteri, antijamur, antitumor, hemostatik, dan meningkatkan penyembuhan luka. Akan tetapi aktivitas tersebut masih digolongkan dalam kategori rendah dan modifikasi kitosan sangat perlu dikembangkan. Derivasi kitosan menjadi Schiff base merupakan cara alternatif pengembangan aplikasi dan meningkatkan sifat polimer kitosan. Chitosan Schiff base (CSB) disintesis menggunakan metode mekanokimia, dengan mereaksikan kitosan dan aldehid aromatik, pada penelitian ini menggunakan salisilaldehid (2-hidroksi benzaldehid); vanilin (3-metoksi-4-hidroksibenzaldehid); anisaldehid (4-metoksi benzaldehid) (CSB1, CSB2, CSB3). Mekanokimia merupakan metode green chemistry yang memadukan reaksi kimia dengan gaya mekanik untuk menghasilkan transformasi kimia dan fisika-kimia material. Selanjutnya chitosan Schiff base yang diperoleh dikarakterisasi terkait gugus fungsi, derajat substitusi, kristalinitas, stabilitas termal dan morfologi. Hasil karakterisasi gugus fungsi telah terbukti mengkonfirmasi terbentuknya ikatan Schiff base dengan adanya serapan pada bilangan gelombang gugus imina (-N=CH). Nilai derajat substitusi (DS) dan indeks kristalinitas (CrI) yang diperoleh dari masing-masing sampel adalah 0,795, 0,055 dan 0,343, dan CrI masing-masing adalah 51,7, 46,9 dan 53,3% untuk CSB1, CSB2 dan CSB3. Stabilitas termal sampel Schiff base menunjukkan peningkatan pada sampel CSB1. Selain itu, sampel chitosan Schiff base diuji aktivitas biologisnya seperti antioksidan menggunakan metode DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl). Nilai IC50 Ch, CSB1, CSB2, dan CSB3 berturut-turut adalah 10,631, 12,982, 3,043 dan 7,995 mg/mL. Selanjutnya, dilakukan uji antibakteri menggunakan difusi sumuran untuk mengetahui aktivitas antibakterinya dan hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa Ch dan CSB mampu menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri patogen pangan.

English Abstract

Chitosan is a non-toxic natural polymer, which is biocompatible, biodegradable, renewable and has been applied to various industries. Chitosan (Ch) can be obtained from tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon) shell waste through the process of demineralization, deproteination, and deacetylation. Chitosan is known as a bioactive polymer, as it has intrinsic biological activities such as antibacterial, antifungal, antitumor, hemostatic, and promotes wound healing. However, these activities are classified in the low category and chitosan modifications really need to be developed. The derivation of chitosan into Schiff base is an alternative way of developing applications and improving the properties of chitosan. Chitosan Schiff base (CSB) was synthesized using mechanochemical methods, by reacting chitosan and aromatic aldehydes, in this study using salicylaldehyde (2-hydroxy benzaldehyde); vanillin (3-methoxy-4-hydroxybenzaldehyde); and anisaldehyde (4-methoxy benzaldehyde) (CSB1, CSB2, CSB3). Mechanochemistry is a green chemistry method that combines chemical reactions with mechanical forces to produce chemical and physicochemical transformations of materials. Furthermore, the chitosan Schiff base obtained was characterized in terms of functional groups, degree of substitution, crystallinity, thermal stability and morphology. The results of functional group characterization have been shown to confirm the formation of Schiff base bonds with absorption at the imine group (-N=CH) wavenumber. The values of degree of substitution (DS) and crystallinity index (CrI) obtained from each sample were 0.795, 0.055 and 0.343, and CrI were 51.7, 46.9 and 53.3% respectively for CSB1, CSB2 and CSB3. The thermal stability of the Schiff base sample showed improvement in the CSB1 sample. In addition, chitosan Schiff base samples were determined for biological activities such as antioxidants using the DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) method. The IC50 Ch, CSB1, CSB2, and CSB3 values were 10.631, 12.982, 3.043 and 7.995 mg/mL, respectively. Furthermore, antibacterial tests were carried out using well diffusion to determine its antibacterial activity and antibacterial test results showed that Ch and CSB were able to inhibit the growth of food pathogenic bacteria.

Item Type:	Thesis (Sarjana)
Identification Number:	052310
Uncontrolled Keywords:	antibakteri, antioksidan, chitosan Schiff base, kitosan, mekanokimia-antibacterial, antioxidant, chitosan, chitosan Schiff base, mechanochemical
Divisions:	Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian > Teknologi Industri Pertanian
Depositing User:	Unnamed user with email y13w@ub.ac.id
Date Deposited:	17 Jan 2024 07:09
Last Modified:	17 Jan 2024 07:09
URI:	http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/211549

Text (DALAM MASA EMBARGO) Febryan Amalia Wahyu Fatika.pdf Restricted to Registered users only until 31 December 2025. Download (4MB)

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