Kartikaningrum., Widhistya and Dr. Ir. Susinggih Wijana,, MS and Dr. Dodyk Pranowo,, STP., M.Si (2023) Pemurnian Gliserol dari Hasil Samping Produksi Biodiesel Minyak Kelapa Sawit Sebagai Bahan Baku Produk Turunan Triacetin. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
RINGKASAN Kemurnian gliserol hasil samping produksi biodiesel yang dihasilkan saat ini cenderung cukup rendah. Residu gliserol banyak mengandung alkohol berlebih, katalis, dan residu sabun, menjadikannya produk dengan nilai komersial rendah dengan aplikasi terbatas. Namun, gliserol dengan kemurnian tinggi menjadi salah satu bahan baku yang cukup menjanjikan untuk berbagai industri. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk menganalisis perlakuan terbaik dan hasil pemurnian gliserol dengan menggunakan metode ekstraksi dan adsorpsi. Selanjutnya, penelitian juga bertujuan untuk mengoptimasi hasil pembuatan produk turunan triacetin dari bahan baku gliserol hasil pemurnian menggunakan katalis asam SO42-/TiO2 pada faktor jumlah katalis dan waktu reaksi. Penelitian tahap pertama dilakukan pemurnian menggunakan metode ekstraksi dengan petroleum eter dan toluena yang dilanjutkan adsorpsi menggunakan adsorben berupa karbon aktif limbah buah nipah, bleaching earth dan zeolite. Selanjutnya dipilih jenis adsorben terbaik melalui parameter densitas, kadar air, dan kadar gliserol. Pelaksanaan pada tahap kedua menggunakan metode esterifikasi menggunakan katalis asam padat, SO42-/TiO2 suhu reaksi 100oC dengan faktor jumlah katalis (2.5%; 4%; 5.5% wt) dan waktu reaksi dalam asetilasi gliserol (2 jam, 3 jam, 4 jam) dengan respon berupa konversi gliserol, densitas triacetin dan viskositas triacetin. Hasil penelitian tahap pertama yaitu pemurnian crude gliserol didapatkan perlakuan terbaik yaitu menggunakan jenis adsorben karbon aktif limbah buah nipah dengan nilai densitas sebesar 1,255 g/cm3; kadar air 8,563% dan kadar gliserol sebesar 93,922%. Selanjutnya, berdasarkan hasil FTIR didapatkan 433.271 -.672 -1 telah sesuai gliserol komersial dan hasil penelitian sebelumnya. Hasil penelitian tahap kedua pada tahap optimasi menunjukkan bahwa nilai konversi gliserol, densitas triacetin dan viskositas triacetin paling optimal didapatkan pada perlakuan jumlah katalis 2,5% dan waktu reaksi 4 jam. Hasil prediksi optimal menunjukkan konversi gliserol sebesar 80,742%, densitas sebesar 1,178 g/cm3, dan viskositas sebesar 3,836 cP. Hasil verifikasi aktual respon konversi gliserol sebesar 81,274%, densitas triacetin sebesar 1,167 g/cm3, dan viskositas triacetin sebesar 4,18 cP. Pada respon konversi gliserol, didapatkan nilai akurasi sebesar 99,345%; densitas triacetin memiliki akurasi sebesar 99,058%; dan viskositas triacetin memiliki akurasi 91,866%. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, dapat dilakukan pengembangan dalam mengkaji pengaruh variasi jumlah adsorben yang lebih tinggi pada kadar kemurnian gliserol hasil samping produksi biodiesel kelapa sawit. Kemudian, penelitian dalam pembuatan triacetin selanjutnya mungkin dapat menggunakan katalis padat alami seperti karbon aktif atau zeolit yang lebih ramah lingkungan. Hal tersebut dapat meningkatkan peluang komersialisasi dan penggunaan di industri secara berkelanjutan.
English Abstract
SUMMARY The purity of the glycerol by-product of biodiesel production currently produced tends to be quite low. The glycerol residue contains a lot of excess alcohol, catalyst, and soap residue, making it a product of low commercial value with limited applications. However, high purity glycerol is one of the promising raw materials for various industries. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to analyze the best treatment and purification results of glycerol using extraction and adsorption methods. In addition, this study also aims to optimize the results of making triacetin derivative products from the purified glycerol raw materials using SO42-/TiO2 acid catalysts on the factors of the amount of catalyst and reaction time. The first stage of the research was purification using extraction method with petroleum ether and toluene followed by adsorption using adsorbents such as activated carbon of nipah fruit waste, bleaching earth and zeolite. Furthermore, the best adsorbent type was selected through the parameters of density, water content, and glycerol content. Implementation in the second stage used esterification method using solid acid catalyst, SO42-/TiO2 reaction temperature 100oC with catalyst amount factor (2.5%; 4%; 5.5% wt) and reaction time in glycerol acetylation (2 hours, 3 hours, 4 hours) with responses in the form of glycerol conversion, triacetin density and triacetin viscosity. The results of the first stage of research, namely the purification of crude glycerol, obtained the best treatment using the type of activated carbon adsorbent of nipah fruit waste with a density value of 1.255 g/cm3; moisture content of 8.563% and glycerol content of 93.922%. In addition, based on the FTIR results, the O-H group peak was clearly formed at 3433.271 cm-1 and the C-H group peak at 2934.672 cm-1 was in accordance with commercial glycerol and previous research results. The results of the second stage of research at the optimization stage showed that the most optimal values of glycerol conversion, triacetin density and triacetin viscosity were obtained in the treatment of the amount of catalyst 2.5% and reaction time 4 hours. The optimal prediction result of glycerol conversion showed 80.742%, density of 1.178 g/cm3, and viscosity of 3.836 cP. The actual verification result of glycerol conversion response was 81.274%, triacetin density was 1.167 g/cm3, and triacetin viscosity was 4.18 cP. In the glycerol conversion response, the accuracy value was 99.345%; triacetin density had an accuracy of 99.058%; and triacetin viscosity had an accuracy of 91.866%. In this study, development can be carried out in examining the effect of variations in the number of higher adsorbents on the purity of glycerol by-products of palm biodiesel production. Then, further research in the manufacture of triacetin may be able to use natural solid catalysts such as activated carbon or zeolite which are more environmentally friendly. This can increase the opportunity for commercialization and use in the industry in a sustainable manner.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | 052310 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Adsorpsi, Ekstraksi, Gliserol, Pemurnian, Triacetin |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian > Teknologi Industri Pertanian |
| Depositing User: | Unnamed user with username saputro |
| Date Deposited: | 16 Jan 2024 03:32 |
| Last Modified: | 16 Jan 2024 03:32 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/210789 |
![[thumbnail of DALAM MASA EMBARGO]](http://repository.ub.ac.id/style/images/fileicons/text.png) |
Text (DALAM MASA EMBARGO)
WIDHISTYA KARTIKANINGRUM.pdf Restricted to Registered users only until 31 December 2025. Download (3MB) |
Actions (login required)
 |
View Item |