Novia Trisna, Rahmayanti and Arie Febrianto Mulyadi ,, STP., MP and Dr. Ir Sukardi,, MS (2023) Formulasi Clay Mask Kombinasi Ekstrak Daun Alpukat (Persea americana, Mill) dan Jeruk Lemon (Citrus Limon, L.) sebagai Antioksidan Alami. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Indonesia memiliki beraneka ragam jenis tanaman obat, salah satunya adalah tanaman alpukat. Luas panen tanaman alpukat di Indonesia mencapai 24.422 Ha dengan jumlah tanaman mencapai 2.398.874 pohon. Persebaran tanaman alpukat semakin meluas dengan daerah penghasil alpukat terbesar yaitu Jawa Timur. Daun alpukat mengandung komponen kimia seperti saponin, alkaloid, tanin, flavonoid, polifenol, dan quersetin. Flavonoid mempunyai aktivitas sebagai antifungi, antiviral dan antibakteri. Daun alpukat memiliki aktivitas antioksidan sebesar 94,71% dan tergolong antioksidan kuat dengan nilai IC 50 sebesar 54,69 µg/mL. Perasan jeruk lemon mengandung asam sitrat dan kaya akan vitamin C. Jeruk lemon memiliki aktivitas antioksidan sebesar 49.593µg/ml. Hasil evaluasi pasar menunjukkan bahwa beberapa masker wajah yang dijual dipasaran memiliki kandungan yang berbahaya. Formulasi clay mask penambahan ekstrak daun alpukat dan air perasan jeruk lemon dapat mengatasi radikal bebas dan menjaga keseimbangan antioksidan pada kulit. Tujuan dari penelitian ini mengetahui pengaruh perbedaan formulasi konsentrasi ekstrak daun alpukat dengan perasan jeruk lemon terhadap karakteristik fisik kimia dari sediaan masker dan mendapatkan formulasi dan aktivitas antioksidan terbaik sediaan clay mask. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan mengekstraksi daun alpukat menggunakan metode maserasi dengan menggunakan pelarut etanol 90%. Kemudian ekstrak daun alpukat dan perasan jeruk lemon diformulasikan dengan clay mask. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan 1 faktor berupa perbandingan konsentrasi ekstrak daun alpukat dan perasan jeruk lemon berturut-turut 5:0 gr, 4.5:0.5 gr, 4:1 gr, 3.5:1.5 gr, 3:2 gr, 2.5:2.5 gr. Terdapat 6 level perlakuan dengan pengulangan sebanyak 4x sehingga didapat 24unit Percobaan. Pengujian yang dilakukan diantaranya analisis rendemen, uji kadar air, uji pH, uji aktivitas antioksidan, uji waktu mengering, dan uji bobot jenis. Data dianalisis menggunakan aplikasi SPSS 16.0. Jika perlakuan menunjukkan pengaruh yang signifikan atau nyata, maka pengujian dilanjutkan dengan uji DMRT (Duncan's Multiple Range Test) dengan taraf nyata 5% (a=0,05). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, Hasil uji ANOVA menunjukkan terdapat pengaruh secara nyata dari perlakuan P1 hingga P6 terhadap kadar air, pH, aktivitas antioksidan, dan waktu mengering clay mask dan tidak ada pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap rendemen dan bobot jenis clay mask. Sediaan clay mask ekstrak daun alpukat dan air perasan jeruk lemon memiliki karakteristik fisik yang sudah sesuai dengan standar mutu dari sediaan masker wajah. Perlakuan terbaik clay mask ekstrak daun alpukat dan air perasan jeruk lemon pada formulasi clay mask dengan perbandingan ekstrak bubuk daun alpukat dengan jeruk lemon 4 gram dan 0 gram didapatkan hasil rendemen sebesar 91,88%, kadar air sebesar 45,60%, pH sebesar 6,57, nilai IC 50 153,02 ppm dimana termasuk antioksidan lemah, waktu kering yaitu 17 menit, dan bobot jenis clay mask sebesar 1,05 g/mL.
English Abstract
Indonesia has various types of medicinal plants, one of which is the avocado plant. The harvested area of avocado plants in Indonesia reaches 24,422 hectares with a total of 2,398,874 trees. The distribution of avocado plants is increasingly expanding with the largest avocado producing area, namely East Java. Avocado leaves contain chemical components such as saponins, alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, polyphenols, and quercetin. Flavonoids have activity as antifungal, antiviral and antibacterial. Avocado leaves have an antioxidant activity of 94.71% and are classified as strong antioxidants with an IC50 value of 54.69 µg/mL. Lemon juice contains citric acid and is rich in vitamin C. Lemon juice has an antioxidant activity of 49,593µg/ml. The results of the market evaluation show that some of the face masks sold in the market have dangerous ingredients. The clay mask formulation with the addition of avocado leaf extract and lemon juice can overcome free radicals and maintain the balance of antioxidants in the skin. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of different concentration formulations of avocado leaf extract and lemon juice on the physical and chemical characteristics of the mask preparation and to obtain the best formulation and antioxidant activity for the clay mask preparation. This research was conducted by extracting avocado leaves using the maceration method using 90% ethanol solvent. Then avocado leaf extract and lemon juice are formulated with a clay mask. The study used a randomized block design (RBD) with 1 factor in the form of a comparison of the concentrations of avocado leaf extract and lemon juice respectively 5:0 gr, 4.5:0.5 gr, 4:1 gr, 3.5:1.5 gr, 3:2 gr, 2.5 :2.5 gr. There are 6 levels of treatment with 4 repetitions so that 24 experimental units are obtained. Tests carried out included yield analysis, water content test, pH test, antioxidant activity test, drying time test, and specific gravity test. Data were analyzed using the SPSS 16.0 application. If the treatment shows a significant or significant effect, then the test is continued with the DMRT test (Duncan's Multiple Range Test) with a significance level of 5% (a=0.05). Based on the results of the study, The results of the ANOVA test showed that there was a significant effect from treatment P1 to P6 on water content, pH, antioxidant activity, and drying time of the clay mask and there was no significant effect on the yield and specific gravity of the clay mask. Clay mask preparations of avocado leaf extract and lemon juice have physical characteristics that are in accordance with the quality standards of facial mask preparations. The best treatment of clay mask with avocado leaf extract and lemon juice in the clay mask formulation with a ratio of powdered avocado leaf extract with lemon orange 4 grams and 0 grams obtained yield results of 91.88%, water content of 45.60%, pH of 6 .57, the IC50 value is 153.02 ppm which is a weak antioxidant, the dry time is 17 minutes, and the specific gravity of the clay mask is 1.05 g/mL.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | 052310 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Avocado leaves, Clay Mask, Lemon Juice, Maceration, Clay Mask, Daun alpukat, Maserasi, Perasan Jeruk lemon |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian > Teknologi Industri Pertanian |
| Depositing User: | Unnamed user with username verry |
| Date Deposited: | 15 Jan 2024 07:37 |
| Last Modified: | 15 Jan 2024 07:37 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/210343 |
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