Ainurrohmah, Nurul and Dr. Noer Rahmi Ardiarini,, SP., M. Si. and Prof. Ir. Arifin Noor Sugiharto,, M. Sc., Ph.D. (2023) Efek Xenia pada Beberapa Persilangan Labu Kuning (Cucurbita maxima Duch) Terhadap Karakter Buah dan Biji. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Labu kuning merupakan salah satu buah yang masih satu keluarga dengan melon dan mentimun. Labu kuning memiliki banyak kandungan nutrisi bermanfaat. Data produksi labu kuning di Indonesia mencapai 20-21 ton per hektar per tahun, sedangkan konsumsinya masih rendah yaitu 5 kg per kapita per tahun. Konsumsi labu kuning masih sangat kecil dikarenakan labu kurang populer dalam penampilan dan rasa untuk konsumsi sehari-hari. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, maka dilakukan penelitian efek xenia pada labu kuning untuk memperoleh varietas unggul. Xenia dapat diketahui dengan identifikasi terhadap buah dan biji, sehingga karakter yang mempengaruhi karakter buah dan biji dapat diidentifikasi lebih awal. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu mempelajari efek xenia dari persilangan pada labu kuning terhadap karakter buah dan biji. Hipotesis dari penelitian ini yaitu terdapat efek xenia pada karakter buah dan biji hasil persilangan labu kuning Penelitian dilakukan bulan Februari-Juli di CV. Blue Akari, Dadaprejo Junrejo Kota Batu. Benih yang digunakan terdiri dari 8 galur dengan 6 galur betina (KJ-19A, KJ-19, KJ-24, KJ-25, HIB-59, JP-70) dan 2 galur jantan (KJ-17 dan JP-F1). Penanaman dilakukan pada baris baris, dengan 1 tanaman per lubang tanam. Persilangan dilakukan secara sibmate dan crossing KJ-17 dan crossing JPF1 yang masing-masing dilakukan pada 6 tanaman. Variabel yang diamati karakter buah dan biji yaitu bentuk buah, warna buah, berat buah, panjang dan diameter buah, tebal daging buah, tingkat kemanisan, jumlah biji, bisi isi, biji kosong, bobot biji, bentuk biji, ujung biji, permukaan biji, warna biji dan bobot 100 biji. Data hasil pengamatan pada karakter kuantitatif dilakukan analisis menggunakan uji t independen. Karakter kualitatif diskoring kemudian dilakukan analisis deskriptif. Terdapat efek xenia pada persilangan labu kuning dengan 2 galur tetua jantan KJ-17 dan JP-F1 muncul pada karakter buah biasa disebut metaxenia yaitu diameter buah, bobot buah dan tingkat kemanisan berupa penurunan nilai pada galur KJ-24 dan KJ-25. Bentuk buah berubah pada galur KJ-19, KJ-24 dan KJ-25 pada perlakuan X KJ-17 dan perlakuan X JP-F1 pada galur KJ-25 dan JP-70. Metaxenia pangkal batang terjadi pada galur KJ-24, KJ-19, HIB-59 dan JP-70 Warna kulit berubah pada galur JP-70XJP-F1 dan warna daging pada galur KJ-19 dan KJ-24 perlakuan X JP-F1. Karakter biji pada galur KJ-19A yang menunjukkan efek xenia berupa penambahan jumlah biji, biji isi, biji kosong, bobot biji, bobot 100 biji, dan panjang biji. Jumlah biji pada galur KJ-25 X JP-F1 dan lebar biji pada galur KJ-19 X JP-F1 mengalami penurunan. Perubahan bentuk biji terjadi pada galur KJ-19, KJ-25, HIB-59, dan JP-70. Warna biji berubah pada galur KJ-24 X JP-F1. Perubahan bentuk ujung biji pada galur KJ-24 dan HIB-59 perlakuan X KJ-17 dan JP-70XJP-F1. Efek xenia dan metaxenia yang muncul menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh polen tetua jantan terhadap karakter buah dan biji pada tetua betina.
English Abstract
Yellow pumpkin is a fruit that is still in the same family as melon and cucumber. Yellow pumpkin has a lot of beneficial nutritional content. Data on pumpkin production in Indonesia reach 20-21 tons per hectare per year, while consumption is still low at 5 kg per capita per year. Consumption of pumpkin is still very small because pumpkin is less popular in appearance and taste for daily consumption. Based on this, research on the effect of xenia on pumpkins was carried out to obtain superior varieties. Xenia can be known by identifying the fruits and seeds so that the characters that affect the character of the fruits and seeds can be identified earlier. The purpose of this study was to study the effect of xenia from crosses on pumpkins on fruit and seed characters. This study hypothesizes that there is a xenia effect on the fruit and seed characteristics of pumpkin crosses The research was conducted in February-July at CV. Blue Akari, Dadaprejo Junrejo, Batu City. The seeds used consisted of 8 strains with 6 female lines (KJ-19A, KJ-19, KJ-24, KJ-25, HIB-59, JP-70) and 2 male lines (KJ-17 and JP-F1). Planting is done in rows, with 1 plant per planting hole. Crosses were carried out by sibmate and crossing KJ-17 and crossing JP-F1, each of which was carried out on 6 plants. Variables observed for fruit and seed characters were fruit shape, fruit color, fruit weight, fruit length and diameter, fruit flesh thickness, level of sweetness, number of seeds, filled seeds, empty seeds, seed weight, seed shape, seed tip, seed surface, seed color and weight of 100 seeds. Observational data on quantitative characters were analyzed using an independent t-test. Qualitative characters were scored and then carried out descriptive analysis. There was a xenia effect on pumpkin crosses with 2 male parental lines KJ-17 and JP-F1 appearing on fruit characters commonly called metaxenia, namely fruit width, fruit weight, and level of sweetness in the form of a decrease in value on KJ-24 and KJ-25 lines. Fruit shape changed in KJ-19, KJ-24, and KJ- 25 lines in X treatment KJ-17 and X JP-F1 in KJ-25 and JP-70 lines. Metaxenia at the base of the stem occurred in KJ-24, KJ-19, HIB-59, and JP-70 lines. Skin color changed in JP-70XJP-F1 lines and flesh color in KJ-19 and KJ-24 lines X treatment JP-F1. Seed characters in the KJ-19A line showing the xenia effect were the increase in the number of seeds, filled seeds, empty seeds, seed weight, 100 seed weight, and seed length. The number of seeds in the KJ-25 X JP-F1 line and the seed width in the KJ-19 X JP-F1 line decreased. Changes in seed shape occurred in the KJ-19, KJ-25, HIB-59, and JP-70 lines. The color of the seeds changed in the KJ-24 X JP-F1 line. Changes in seed tip shape in KJ-24 and HIB- 59 strains X treatment KJ-17 and JP-70XJP-F1 The effects of xenia and metaxenia that appeared indicated that the pollen of the male parent influenced the fruit and seed characteristics of the female parent.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | 052304 |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Budidaya Pertanian |
| Depositing User: | Unnamed user with username ismiatun |
| Date Deposited: | 15 Jan 2024 02:52 |
| Last Modified: | 15 Jan 2024 03:53 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/209753 |
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