Abner Bezaleel, Yosia and Dr. Darmawan Saptadi, S.P., M.P and Dr. Dita Agisimanto, S.P., M.P. (2023) Induksi Umbi Mikro Kentang (Solanum tuberosum L.) Varietas Granola Kembang dan Granola Lembang Menggunakan Kombinasi Konsentrasi Asam Salisilat dan Gula. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Kentang berperan sebagai komoditas pangan utama setelah padi, jagung dan gandum yang memiliki beragam kandungan nutrisi dan manfaat nutrasentikal. Konsumsi kentang di Indonesia terus meningkat sebagai bahan makanan utama dan camilan, namun produksinya saat ini belum mampu memenuhi permintaan pasar. Indonesia memiliki lahan budidaya kentang berkisar 60 ribu hingga 70 ribu hektar persegi dengan hasil panen berkisar 1,2 juta ton. Faktor produktivitas kentang dihambat dengan penggunaan benih dengan kualitas rendah. Peningkatan kualitas dapat dilakukan dengan penggunaan benih berkualitas yang bisa didapatkan melalui kultur jaringan. Umbimikro sebagai salah satu bentuk produksi kultur jaringan memiliki keunggulan untuk menyediakan benih yang berkualitas, meliputi bebas patogen, proses produksi dapat dilakukan sepanjang tahun, hasil produksi tinggi dan lebih mudah didistribusikan. Induksi umbi mikro dapat dilakukan melalui penambahan zat pengatur tumbuh dan gula bagi planlet. Asam salisilat sebagai zat pengatur tumbuh akan bekerja untuk menginduksi pembentukan umbi mikro dan gula akan berperan sebagai sumber karbon bagi planlet didalam botol kultur. Informasi terkait penggunaan asam salisilat dan gula untuk melakukan induksi umbi mikro masih sangat terbatas pada varietas kentang Granola Kembang dan Granola Lembang. Oleh karena itu, perlu dilakukan pengkajian terkait penggunaannya untuk bisa menyediakan informasi terkait perbanyakan umbi mikro. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Februari hingga Mei 2023 dan bertempat di Laboratorium PT. Java Indo Arjuna, Toyomarto, Kecamatan Singosari, Kabupaten Malang. Penelitian dilakukan berdasarkan rancangan percobaan faktorial menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan 2 faktor yakni kombinasi konsentrasi asam salisilat dan gula serta varietas eksplan. Penelitian ini terdiri dari 13 perlakuan kombinasi konsentrasi asam salisilat dan gula, dan 2 perlakuan varietas dengan masing masing diulang sebanyak 3 kali. Pelaksanaan percobaan akan dilakukan melalui 3 tahapan yakni Persiapan awal, pembesaran eksplan, dan pengumbian. Adapun variabel yang diamati meliputi, jumlah buku planlet, panjang tunas planlet, waktu muncul umbi mikro, persentase tanaman menghasilkan umbi, jumlah umbi mikro per tanaman, diameter umbi mikro dan berat segar umbi mikro. Data hasil pengamatan dianalisis menggunakan analisis ragam pada taraf 5%. Apabila terdapat perbedaan nyata pada hasil analisis ragam kemudian akan dilakukan uji lanjut beda nyata jujur (BNJ) pada taraf 5%. Hasil analisis varian menunjukkan kombinasi konsentrasi 50 mg/L asam salisilat dan 100 g/L gula secara nyata mampu meningkatkan berat segar dan diameter umbi mikro dibandingkan tanpa penambahan asam salisilat dan 30 g/L gula (kontrol). Kombinasi konsentrasi asam salisilat dan gula tidak berpengaruhii nyata terhadap variabel jumlah buku, panjang tunas, jumlah umbi mikro, hari muncul umbi mikro, dan persentase planlet menghasilkan umbi mikro. Analisis varian menunjukkan varietas Granola Kembang memiliki panjang tunas dan jumlah buku yang lebih besar dan berbeda nyata terhadap Granola Lembang. Kedua varietas tidak menunjukkan perbedaan nyata pada hari pertama muncul umbi mikro, persentase planlet berumbi, jumlah umbi mikro, diameter umbi mikro dan berat segar umbi mikro.
English Abstract
Potatoes act as the main food commodity after rice, corn and wheat which have a variety of nutritional content and nutritional benefits. Consumption of potatoes in Indonesia continues to increase as a main food and snack ingredient, but production is currently unable to meet market demand. Indonesia has potato cultivation areas ranging from 60 thousand to 70 thousand square hectares with yields of around 1.2 million tonnes. Potato productivity factors are hampered by the use of low quality seeds. Quality improvement can be done by using quality seeds that can be obtained through tissue culture. Micro tubers as a form of tissue culture production have the advantage of providing quality seeds, including being pathogen free, the production process can be carried out throughout the year, high production yields and easier distribution. Micro tuber induction can be induced by adding growth regulators and sugar to plantlets. Salicylic acid as a growth regulator will work to induce the formation of micro tubers and sugar will act as a carbon source for plantlets in culture bottles. Information related to the use of salicylic acid and sugar to perform micro tuber induction is still very limited for Granola Kembang and Granola Lembang potato varieties. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out studies related to its use to be able to provide information regarding the multiplication of micro tubers. The research conducted from February until May 2023 and take place at the PT. Java Indo Arjuna, Toyomarto, Singosari District, Malang Regency. The research was carried out based on a factorial experimental design using a completely randomized design (CRD) with 2 factors, namely the combination of concentrations of salicylic acid and sugar and the explant variety. This study consisted of 13 treatment combinations of salicylic acid and sugar concentrations, and 2 treatment varieties with each being repeated 3 times. The experiment was carried out in 3 stages, namely initial preparation, explant enlargement, and tuberization. The observed variables included number of plantlet nodes, length of plantlet shoots, day of micro-tubers emegence, percentage of plants producing tubers, number of micro-tubers per plant, diameter of micro-tubers and fresh weight of micro-tubers. Observational data were analyzed using analysis of variance at the 5% level. Significant difference in the results of the analysis of variance, tested with honest significant differences (HSD) at the 5% level. The results of the analysis of variance showed that the combination of concentrations of 50 mg/L salicylic acid and 100 g/L sugar significantly increased fresh weight and diameter of micro tubers compared to no addition of salicylic acid and 30 g/L sugar (control). The combination of salicylic acid and sugar concentrations had no significant effect on the variables of the number of nodes, shoot length, number of micro-tubers, day of appearance of micro-tubers, and the percentage of plantlets that produced micro-tubers. Analysis of variance showed that the flower granola variety had greater shoot length and number of nodes and was significantly different from the Granola Lembang. The two varieties showed no significant difference on the first day of microtuber emergence, the percentageiv of plantlet bulbs, the number of microtubers, the diameter of the microtubers and the fresh weight of the microtubers.
Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
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Identification Number: | 052304 |
Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Budidaya Pertanian |
Depositing User: | Annisti Nurul F |
Date Deposited: | 12 Jan 2024 08:59 |
Last Modified: | 12 Jan 2024 08:59 |
URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/209582 |
Text (DALAM MASA EMBARGO)
Yosia Abner Bezaleel.pdf Restricted to Registered users only until 31 December 2025. Download (3MB) |
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