Alifia Nurmalita, Nadya and Prof. Dr. Ir. Eko Widaryanto,, SU and Dr. Uma Khumairoh,, SP., MSc. (2023) Pengaruh Berbagai Jenis Media Tanam terhadap Pertumbuhan Bibit Anggrek (Dendrobium discolor Lindl.). Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Tanaman anggrek, merupakan tanaman dari famili Orchidaceae yang mempunyai nilai jual tinggi khususnya dalam industri budidaya tanaman hias di Indonesia dengan memiliki ciri khas tersendiri baik dalam ukuran, bentuk bunga serta warna yang bermacam-macam sehingga menjadi daya tarik tersendiri bagi para kolektor. Anggrek Dendrobium merupakan spesies terbesar di Indonesia yang tersebar luas di daerah sub-tropis Indonesia serta sangat disukai karena keragaman warna dan bentuknya, nilai jual tinggi, daya adaptasi terhadap berbagai kondisi lingkungan, produktivitas tinggi, dan sebagai bunga potong memiliki batang yang lentur, bunga tidak mudah rontok, kesegaran lama, dan mudah dikemas. Melihat permintaan yang terus meningkat, maka harus diikuti dengan adanya persediaan bibit dengan jumlah besar serta kualitas dan mutu yang baik, dalam proses budidayanya harus diperlukan penanganan yang optimal supaya pertumbuhan dan perkembangan tanaman anggrek juga dapat berjalan secara optimal terutama media tanam yang harus diperhatikan. Media tanam sangat penting bagi pertumbuhan tanaman anggrek yakni untuk mendapatkan hasil pertumbuhan maksimal maka harus dilakukan upaya dengan pemilihan macam media tanam dikarenakan media tanam merupakan komponen penting dalam budidaya dikarenakan mempunyai fungsi bagi tempat tumbuh tanaman dan berkembangnya akar. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Maret-Juli 2022. Lokasi penelitian adalah di DD Orchid Nursery, Jl. Mertorejo Kel. Dadaprejo, Kec. Junrejo, Batu, Kota Malang, Jawa Timur. Lokasi penelitian memiliki suhu rata-rata harian 290C serta kelembapan 70-80%. Alat dan bahan digunakan dalam penelitian ini diantaranya adalah meteran untuk mengukur diameter batang tanaman, soft pot ukuran kecil sebagai tempat media, ember, alat tulis dan alat dokumentasi serta bahan-bahan yang digunakan diantaranya adalah bibit anggrek botolan Dendrobium discolor Lindl. hasil kultur jaringan, akar kadaka, arang kayu, dan pakis. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) Non Faktorial. Perlakuan terdiri dari 6 perlakuan dimana setiap perlakuan terdiri dari 6 sampel tanaman yang diulang sebanyak 3 kali sehingga dalam percobaan ini terdapat 18 unit percobaan, yakni M1 : 100% Akar kadaka , M2 : 100% Arang kayu, M3 : 100% Pakis, M4 : 50% Akar kadaka + 50% arang kayu, M5 : 50% Akar kadaka + 50% pakis, M6 : 50% Arang kayu + 50% pakis. Variabel pengamatan yang diamati adalah panjang tanaman, jumlah daun, luas daun, warna daun, jumlah akar, panjang akar terpanjang, kadar klorofil. Data pengamatan yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan analisis ragam anova dengan taraf 5% untuk mengetahui nyata atau tidak nyata pengaruh pada setiap perlakuan. Hasil analisis yang nyata dilanjutkan dengan uji beda nyata terkecil (BNT) pada taraf 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan media M2 (100% arang kayu) memberikan pengaruh yang nyata pada parameter panjang tanaman dengan memberikan peningkatkan panjang tanaman sebesar 22,38% dibandingkan dengan penggunaan media tanam 50% akar kadaka + 50% arang kayu dan memberikan peningkatan panjang tanaman sebesar 17,88% dibandingkan dengan penggunaan media tanam 50% arang kayu + 50% pakis dan media 100% akar kadaka mampu meningkatkan panjang tanaman sebesar 14,32% dibandingkan dengan penggunaan media tanam 50% akar kadaka + 50% arang kayu. Penggunaan media tanam M3 100% pakis tidak berbeda nyata dengan media 100% akar kadaka, 100% arang kayu, 50% akar kadaka + 50% arang kayu, 50% akar kadaka + 50% pakis dan media 50% arang kayu + 50% pakis. Penggunaan media 100% arang kayu memberikan pengaruh nyata pada jumlah akar dengan mampu meningkatkan jumlah akar sebesar 40,37% dibandingkan dengan penggunaan media tanam 100% akar kadaka, selain itu penggunaan media 100% arang kayu mampu meningkatkan jumlah akar sebesar 46,03% dibandingkan juga dengan penggunaan media 100% pakis, dam mampu meningkatkan jumlah akar sebesar 22,74% dibandingkan dengan penggunaan media 50% akar kadaka + 50% pakis dan mampu meningkatkan sebesar 31,98% dibandingkan dengan penggunaan media tanam 50% arang kayu + 50% pakis.
English Abstract
Orchid is a plant from the Orchidaceae family that has a high selling value, especially in the ornamental plant cultivation industry in Indonesia by having its own characteristics both in size, flower shape and various colors so that it has become a special attraction for collectors and botanists since long. Dendrobium orchid is the largest species in Indonesia which is widespread in sub-tropical areas of Indonesia and is very popular because of the diversity of colors and shapes, high selling value, adaptability. to various environmental conditions, high productivity, and as cut flowers have flexible stems, flowers are not easy to fall off, long freshness, and easy to pack. Seeing the demand that continues to increase, it must be followed by a large supply of seeds with good quality and quality, therefore in the cultivation process, optimal handling must be needed so that the growth and development of orchid plants can also run optimally, especially the planting media that must noticed. Planting media is very important for the growth of orchids, namely to get maximum growth results, efforts must be made to choose the type of planting media because planting media is an important component in cultivation because it has a function for plant growth and root development. The research was conducted in March-July 2022. The research location is at DD Orchid Nursery, Jl. Mertorejo Kel. Dadaprejo, district. Junrejo, Batu, Malang City, East Java. The research location has an average daily temperature of 290C and a humidity of 70-80%. The tools used in this study include a meter to measure the diameter of plant stems, small soft pots as a media place, buckets, stationery and documentation tools as well as the materials used include bottled orchid seeds Dendrobium sp from tissue culture, roots kadaka, wood charcoal, and ferns. The study was conducted using a non-factorial completely randomized design (CRD). The treatments consisted of 6 treatments where each treatment consisted of 6 plant samples which were repeated 3 times so that in this experiment there were 18 experimental units, namely M1: 100% Kadaka root, M2: 100% wood charcoal, M3: 100% Fern, M4: 50% kadaka root + 50% wood charcoal, M5: 50% kadaka root + 50% fern, M6: 50% wood charcoal + 50% fern. The observed variables were plant length, number of leaves, leaf area, leaf color, number of roots, longest root length, chlorophyll content. Observational data obtained were analyzed using anova analysis of variance with a level of 5% to determine whether or not the effect was significant for each treatment. The results of the significant difference were followed by Least Significance Different test at the 5% level. The results showed that M2 media (100% wood charcoal) had a significant effect on the plant length parameter by increasing plant length by 22.38% compared to using 50% kadaka root + 50% wood charcoal growing media and increasing plant length by 17 .88% compared to the use of 50% wood charcoal + 50% ferns and 100% kadaka root media was able to increase plant length by 14.32% compared to the use of 50% kadaka root + 50% wood charcoal growing media. The use of M3 growing media 100% ferns was not significantly different from media 100% kadaka roots, 100% wood charcoal, 50% kadaka roots + 50% wood charcoal, 50% kadaka roots + 50% ferns and 50% wood charcoal + 50% ferns media . The use of 100% wood charcoal media had a significant effect on the number of roots by being able to increase the number of roots by 40.37% compared to the use of 100% kadaka root planting media, besides that the use of 100% wood charcoal media was able to increase the number of roots by 46.03% compared to also by using 100% fern media, the dam was able to increase the number of roots by 22.74% compared to the use of 50% kadaka root + 50% fern media and was able to increase by 31.98% compared to the use of 50% wood charcoal + 50% planting medium fern.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | 052304 |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Budidaya Pertanian |
| Depositing User: | Unnamed user with username ismiatun |
| Date Deposited: | 11 Jan 2024 07:05 |
| Last Modified: | 11 Jan 2024 07:05 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/208436 |
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