YUSUF, SONYA BALKIS and Dr. Darmawan Saptadi, S.P., M.P and Dr. Noer Rahmi Ardiarini, S.P., M.Si (2023) Uji Daya Hasil Enam Calon Varietas Hibrida Melon (Cucumis Melo Sp.) Berdaging Oranye. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Melon merupakan tanaman yang memiliki nutrisi tinggi. Pada 100 g buah melon terkandung 0,6 g protein, 17 mg kalsium, 2,4 IU vitamin A, 30 mg vitamin C, 0,045 mg vitamin B, 0,065 mg vitamin B2, 6 mg karbohidrat, 0,4 mg zat besi, 93 mL air, 0,4 g serat, dan kalori sebanyak 23 kcal. Pada tahun 2017, produktivitas melon di Indonesia mencapai 92.432 ton, sedangkan konsumsinya pada tahun 2017 mencapai 137.908 ton. Penggunaan varietas unggul dengan daya hasil dan kualitas yang tinggi dapat mendukung peningkatan produksi tanaman melon. Uji daya hasil penting dalam perakitan varietas, perlu diketahui daya hasil suatu varietas sebelum dilepas. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mendapatkan informasi karakter daya hasil dan tingkat kemanisan buah masing-masing calon varietas dan mendapatkan calon varietas yang memiliki karakter hasil yang lebih unggul dibandingkan dengan varietas pembanding. Sedangkan hipotesis penelitian ini yaitu terdapat terdapat keragaman karakter kemanisan buah dan daya hasil pada enam calon varietas dan terdapat calon varietas potensial melon yang memiliki karakter kemanisan buah dan daya hasil yang unggul dibanding varietas pembanding. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Juni-Oktober 2022. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Dusun Manggisari, Desa Bocek, Karangploso, Kabupaten Malang. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan faktor perlakuan yaitu enam calon varietas hibrida melon berdaging oranye (CV1, CV2, CV3, CV4, CV5 dan CV6) dan dua varietas pembanding (Golden aroma dan Okasa) yang diulang sebanyak 3 kali sehingga diperoleh 24 satuan percobaan. Variabel yang diamati terdiri dari karakter kuantitatif dan karakter kualitatif. Karakter kuantitatif yang diamati yaitu umur berbunga jantan, umur berbunga betina, umur panen, panjang ruas batang utama, diameter buah, Produktivitas per Hektare, bobot buah, kadar gula dalam daging buah, persentase tebal daging buah yang dikonsumsi dan ketahanan simpan buah. Sedangkan karakter kualitatif yang diamati yaitu warna kulit buah muda, ketahanan bercak buah, ketahanan layu fusarium, bentuk buah, warna kulit buah tua/matang, warna daging buah, kerapatan net, kemanisan buah (organoleptik) dan juga kekerasan buah. Data kualitatif diuraikan secara deskriptif dan sedangkan data kuantitatid kemudian dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis ragam (uji F) dengan taraf 5 dan dilanjutkan uji Beda Nyata Jujur (BNJ) apabila terdapat beda nyata antar perlakuan dengan taraf 5. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa calon varietas berpengaruh nyata terhadap seluruh karakter kuantitatif dan pada karakter kualitatif masih terdapat keragaman pada sebagian besar karakter kualitatif kecuali pada ketahanan bercak buah dan layu fusarium dimana tidak terjadinya penyakit. Daya hasil dan tingkat kemanisan buah tiap calon varietas beragam. Daya hasil dari calon varietas CV1 adalah 32,18 ton ha-1, CV2 30,78 ton ha-1, CV3 31,67ton ha-1, CV4 29,16 ton ha-1, CV5 29,06 ton ha-1 dan pada CV6 adalah 27,88 ton ha-1. Tingkat kemanisan pada calon varietas CV1 adalah 10,36 ºbrix, CV2 10,4 ºbrix, CV3 11,91 ºbrix, CV4 11,76 ºbrix, CV5 10,62 ºbrix dan CV6 adalah 12,36 ºbrix. Terdapat calon varietas memiliki karakter daya hasil dan kemanisan buah yang lebih tinggi dan seluruh i calon varietas memiliki keseragaman karakter kualitatif lebih baik dibandingkan dengan varietas pembanding. Calon varietas dengan daya hasil tinggi adalah CV1 dan calon varietas lain tidak berbeda nyata. Daya hasil calon varietas tertinggi secara berurutan adalah CV1, CV3, CV2, CV4, CV5 dan CV6. Calon varietas dengan kemanisan buah tinggi adalah CV3, CV4 dan CV6 dan calon varietas lainnya tidak berbeda nyata. Kemanisan buah calon varietas tertinggi secara berurutan adalah CV6, CV3, CV4, CV5, CV2 dan CV1
English Abstract
Melon is a plant that has high nutrition. In 100 g melon fruit contains 0.6 g protein, 17 mg calcium, 2.4 IU vitamin A, 30 mg vitamin C, 0.045 mg vitamin B, 0.065 mg vitamin B2, 6 mg carbohydrates, 0.4 mg iron, 93 mL of water, 0.4 g of fiber, and 23 kcal of calories. In 2017, melon productivity in Indonesia reached 92,432 tons, while consumption in 2017 reached 137,908 tons. The use of superior varieties with high yield and quality can support increased melon crop production. Yield test is important in cultivating varieties, it is necessary to know the yield power of a variety before it is released. The purpose of this study was to obtain information on yield characteristics and fruit sweetness level of each candidate variety and to obtain candidate varieties that had superior yield characteristics compared to the control varieties. While the hypothesis of this study is that there is a diversity of fruit sweetness and yield characteristics in the six candidate varieties and there are potential melon varieties that have superior fruit sweetness and yield characteristics compared to the control varieties. This research was conducted in June-October 2022. The research was carried out in Manggisari Hamlet, Bocek Village, Karangploso, Malang Regency. The experimental design used in this study was a randomized block design (RBD) with treatment factors, namely six candidate varieties of orange-fleshed melon hybrids (CV1, CV2, CV3, CV4, CV5 and CV6) and two control varieties (Golden aroma and Okasa) repeated 3 times to obtain 24 experimental units. The observed variables consist of quantitative characters and qualitative characters. The quantitative characters observed were male flowering age, female flowering age, harvesting age, main stem segment length, fruit diameter, productivity per hectare, fruit weight, sugar content in fruit flesh, percentage of fruit pulp thickness consumed and fruit shelf life. While the qualitative characters observed were skin color of young fruit, fruit spot resistance, fusarium wilt resistance, fruit shape, old/ripe fruit skin color, fruit flesh color, net density, fruit sweetness (organoleptic) and also fruit hardness. The qualitative data were described descriptively, while the quantitative data were then analyzed using analysis of variance (F test) at a level of 5% and continued with the Tukey’s Honestly Significance Difference Test (HSD) if there were significant differences between treatments at a level of 5%. The results showed that the candidate varieties had a significant effect on all quantitative characters and for qualitative characters there was still variation in most of the qualitative characters except for resistance to fruit spot and fusarium wilt where no disease occurred. Yield power and the level of sweetness of the fruit of each candidate variety varies. The yield potential of CV1 variety candidates was 32.18 tons ha-1, CV2 30.78 tons ha-1, CV3 31.67 tons ha-1, CV4 29.16 tons ha-1, CV5 29.06 tons ha-1 and on CV6 is 27.88 tonnes ha-1. The sweetness level of the CV1 candidate varieties was 10.36 ºbrix, CV2 10.4 ºbrix, CV3 11.91 ºbrix, CV4 11.76 ºbrix, CV5 10.62 ºbrix and CV6 was 12.36 ºbrix. There are candidate varieties that have higher yield and fruit sweetness characters and all candidate varieties have better qualitative character uniformity compared to the control varieties. The candidate variety with high yield was CV1 and the other candidate varieties were iii not significantly different. The yields of the highest candidate varieties were CV1, CV3, CV2, CV4, CV5 and CV6 respectively. Candidate varieties with high fruit sweetness were CV3, CV4 and CV6 and the other candidate varieties were not significantly different. The fruit sweetness of the highest candidate varieties were CV6, CV3, CV4, CV5, CV2 and CV1 respectively
Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
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Identification Number: | 052304 |
Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Budidaya Pertanian |
Depositing User: | Annisti Nurul F |
Date Deposited: | 10 Jan 2024 07:30 |
Last Modified: | 10 Jan 2024 07:30 |
URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/207374 |
Text (DALAM MASA EMBARGO)
Sonya Balkis Yusuf.pdf Restricted to Registered users only until 31 December 2025. Download (2MB) |
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