Miftachul Choir, Mochamad and Kartika Yurlisa,, SP., M.Sc. (2023) Pengaruh Alelopati Bubuk Daun Kemangi (Ocimum basilicum) pada Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Sawi (Brassica juncea L.) dan Gulma yang Berasosiasi. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Tanaman sawi merupakan salah satu komoditas hortikultura yang banyak dibudidayakan di Indonesia. Salah satu alternatif pengendalian gulma pada budidaya tanaman sayuran khususnya tanaman sawi adalah penggunaan bioherbisida yang mengandung bahan aktif alelokimia. Tanaman kemangi telah dipelajari sebagai tanaman yang berpotensi alelopati. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari pengaruh alelopati bubuk daun kemangi pada pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman sawi yang berasosiasi dengan dua jenis gulma semusim Amaranthus spinosus L. dan Digitaria adscendeus. Hipotesis yang diajukan adalah alelopati bubuk daun kemangi 20 g/polibag (20 g/ 3 kg tanah) dapat menekan pertumbuhan gulma Amaranthus spinosus L. dan Digitaria adscendeus serta memberikan pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman sawi yang tertinggi. Penelitian dilaksanakan di greenhouse Politeknik Pembangunan Pertanian Kampus 2, Tanjungrejo, Kota Malang pada bulan Desember 2022 sampai dengan Januari 2023. Alat yang digunakan yaitu oven, blender, amplop cokelat, plastik, polybag, sekop kecil, penggaris, meteran jahit, Leaf Area Meter (LAM), timbangan digital, kamera dan alat tulis. Bahan yang digunakan yaitu daun kemangi, benih sawi, biji gulma Amaranthus spinosus L. dan Digitaria adscendeus, tanah, pupuk kandang, dan dosis pupuk NPK 16:16:16 sebanyak 4 g/polybag. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 1 faktor perlakuan, yaitu tanaman sawi + 0 g bubuk daun kemangi, tanaman sawi + bubuk daun kemangi 20 g, tanaman sawi + 40 g bubuk daun kemangi, tanaman sawi + Amaranthus spinosus L. + 0 g bubuk daun kemangi, tanaman sawi + Amaranthus spinosus L. + 20 g bubuk daun kemangi, tanaman sawi + Amaranthus spinosus L. + 40 g bubuk daun kemangi, tanaman sawi + Digitaria adscendeus + 0 g bubuk daun kemangi, tanaman sawi + Digitaria adscendeus + 20 g bubuk daun kemangi, tanaman sawi + Digitaria adscendeus + 40 g bubuk daun kemangi. Data yang diperoleh selanjutnya diuji menggunakan analisis ragam (ANOVA) dengan taraf 5%. Jika hasil yang didapatkan berbeda nyata maka dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) taraf 5%. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh penambahan alelopati bubuk daun kemangi terhadap gulma yang berasosiasi dan pertumbuhan tanaman sawi. Perlakuan penambahan alelopati bubuk daun kemangi sebanyak 20 g dan 40 g dapat menekan pertumbuhan gulma semusim Digitaria adscendeus dan juga gulma Amaranthus spinosus L. Perlakuan penambahan alelopati bubuk daun kemangi dapat menurunkan beberapa variabel pertumbuhan tanaman sawi, namun belum bisa mempengaruhi rata-rata hasil tanaman sawi di lapangan.
English Abstract
Mustard greens are one of the horticultural commodities that are widely cultivated in Indonesia. One alternative to weed control in vegetable cultivation crops, especially mustard greens, is the use of bioherbicides containing allelochemical active ingredients. Basil plants have been studied as potential allelopathic plants. This research aims to study the effect allelopathic of basil leaf powder on the growth and yield of mustard greens associated with two types of annual weeds Amaranthus spinosus L. and Digitaria adscendeus. The hypothesis proposed is that allelopathy of basil leaf powder 20 g/polybag (20 g/3 kg of soil) can suppress the growth of weeds Amaranthus spinosus L. and Digitaria adscendeus and provide the highest growth and yield of mustard greens. This research was conducted in the greenhouse of the Agricultural Development Polytechnic Campus 2, Tanjungrejo, Malang City from December 2022 to January 2023. The tools used are an oven, blender, brown envelope, plastic, polybag, a small shovel, ruler, sewing meter, Leaf Area Meter (LAM), digital scale, camera, and stationery. The materials used are basil leaves, mustard seeds, weed seeds of Amaranthus spinosus L. and Digitaria adscendeus, soil, manure, and dose of NPK 16:16:16 as much 4 g/polybag. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with 1 treatment factor, namely mustard plants + 0g basil leaf powder, mustard plants + 20 g basil leaf powder, mustard plants + 40 g basil leaf powder, mustard plant + Amaranthus spinosus L. + 0g basil leaf powder, mustard plants + Amaranthus spinosus L. + 20 g basil leaf powder, and mustard plants + Amaranthus spinosus L. + 40 g basil leaf powder, mustard plant + Digitaria adscendeus + 0 g basil leaf powder, mustard plant + Digitaria adscendeus + 20 g basil leaf powder, mustard plant + Digitaria adscendeus + 40 g basil leaf powder. The data obtain were then tested using analysis of variance (ANOVA) at the 5% level. If the results obtained are significantly different, it is continued with Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) a level of 5% Based on the results of this study it can be concluded that there is an allelopathic effect of adding basil leaf powder to the associated weeds and the growth of mustard plants. The addition of 20 g and 40 g of basil leaf powder allelopathy suppresses the growth of seasonal weeds Digitaria adscendeus and also weed Amaranthus spinosus L. The addition of basil leaf powder allelopathy can reduce some of the growth variables of mustard plants, but has not been able to affect the average yield of mustard plants in the field.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | 052304 |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Budidaya Pertanian |
| Depositing User: | Unnamed user with username ismiatun |
| Date Deposited: | 10 Jan 2024 02:50 |
| Last Modified: | 10 Jan 2024 02:50 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/207117 |
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