Hidsal, Jamil, and Prof. Candra Fajri Ananda,, S.E., M.Sc., Ph.D. and Dr.rer.pol. Ferry Prasetyia,, S.E., M.App.Ec. (2022) Demokrasi dan Dampaknya terhadap Pertumbuhan Ekonomi di Indonesia. Magister thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi fenomena pertumbuhan ekonomi Indonesia yang relatif melambat selama era demokrasi yang ditandai desentralisasi politik. Fenomena ini menarik dikarenakan penurunan pertumbuhan ekonomi ini berbeda dengan dugaan mayoritas ekonomi politik pada studi terdahulu. Untuk itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji dampak demokrasi terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi pada 33 provinsi di Indonesia selama rentang waktu 2009-2020. Penelitian ini menggunakan model regresi fixed-effect untuk menangkap perbedaan heterogenitas provinsi dan model regresi instrumental variable (IV) untuk mengatasi persoalan bias endogenitas (endogeneity biased) maupun hubungan timbal balik (reverse causality). Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa demokrasi, secara keseluruhan, cenderung meningkatkan pertumbuhan ekonomi di Indonesia. Temuan ini relatif kokoh (robust) sekalipun variabel rata-rata lama sekolah, angka harapan hidup, ketersediaan jalan mantap dan listrik, dan periode terjadinya pandemi Covid-19, dipertimbangkan dalam model. Demokrasi meningkatkan pertumbuhan ekonomi, terutama berasal dari aspek lembaga demokrasi dan aspek hak politik. Dampak demokrasi dalam meningkatkan pertumbuhan ekonomi sebagian besar berada pada provinsi-provinsi di Pulau Jawa.
English Abstract
This research was conducted in response to the relatively slowing growth of Indonesian economy during the political decentralization-marked era of democracy. The slowness is interesting to study as it differs from the predictions of most studies in political economy in the past. Therefore, this study aims to assess the impact of democracy on economic growth in 33 Indonesian provinces during the 2009-2020 period. Here fixed-effect regression model was used to capture heterogeneity differences between the provinces, while Instrumental Variable (IV) regression model was incorporated to overcome endogeneity biases and reverse causalities. This study finds that democracy, in the overall, tend to increase economic growth in Indonesia. This finding is relatively robust although mean years of schooling, life expectancy rate, availability of electricity and good and fair condition roads, and Covid-19 pandemic are considered in the model. Furthermore, democracy – in the aspects of democracy institutions and political rights – increases economic growth. The impact of democracy in the improvement of economic growth is mostly identified in provinces located Java.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Magister) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | 0423020042 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Demokrasi; Pertumbuhan Ekonomi, Lembaga Demokrasi, Hak Politik. |
| Subjects: | 300 Social sciences > 330 Economics |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis > Ilmu Ekonomi |
| Depositing User: | Unnamed user with username nova |
| Date Deposited: | 11 Dec 2023 02:32 |
| Last Modified: | 11 Dec 2023 02:32 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/205183 |
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