Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Daun Binahong (Anredera cordifolia) terhadap Daya Hambat Bakteri Vibrio harveyi Secara In vitro

Rahmatika, Aldia Ataa and Prof. Dr. Ir. Arief Prajitno,, MS (2023) Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Daun Binahong (Anredera cordifolia) terhadap Daya Hambat Bakteri Vibrio harveyi Secara In vitro. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.

Abstract

Keberhasilan kegiatan budidaya perairan tidak lepas dari peranan manajemen kualitas air. Hal ini dikarenakan air merupakan media hidup organisme akuatik dimana air berhubungan langsung dengan lingkungan. Manajemen kualitas air yang buruk memudahkan patogen masuk kedalam lingkungan dan menjadikan ikan dan udang terserang penyakit. Salah satu penyakit yang banyak ditemukan adalah Vibriosis yang disebabkan karena infeksi bakteri Vibrio harveyi. Pencegahan dan pengobatan penyakit tersebut umumnya menggunakan antibiotik sintetik. Penggunaan antibiotik dapat memicu dampak negatif seperti terjadinya residu, resisten terhadap bakteri dan pencemaran lingkungan. Penggunaan antibiotik sintetik ini dapat digantikan dengan menggunakan bahan alami yang mengandung senyawa antibakteri seperti daun binahong (A. cordifolia). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui daya hambat ekstrak daun binahong (A. cordifolia) terhadap bakteri V. harveyi. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Laboratorium Penyakit dan Kesehatan Ikan serta Laboratorium Eksplorasi Sumberdaya Perikanan dan Kelautan Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan Universitas Brawijaya pada Bulan Desember 2022 – Februari 2023. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode eksperimental untuk mengetahui secara langsung pengaruh pemberian berbagai dosis ekstrak kasar daun binahong (A. cordifolia) terhadap daya hambat bakteri V. harveyi yang ditandai dengan terbentuknya luasan zona hambat. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 5 perlakuan dan 3 pengulangan. Dosis perlakuan ekstrak daun binahong (A. cordifolia) yaitu A (50 ppm), B (100 ppm), C (150 ppm), D (200 ppm) dan E (250 ppm). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak daun binahong (A. cordifolia) memberikan pengaruh berbeda nyata terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri V. harveyi. Pengamatan daya hambat dilakukan 24 jam dan 48 jam setelah inkubasi dengan melihat luasan diameter zona hambat. Hasil pengamatan daya hambat 24 jam menunjukkan dosis tertinggi pada perlakuan E (250 ppm) dengan rerata 9,06 ± 0,25 dan dosis terendah pada perlakuan A (50 ppm) dengan rerata 7,69 ± 0,24. Pengamatan 48 jam setelah inkubasi menunjukkan kenaikan luasan zona hambat yang menandakan sifat bakteriostatik. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa hubungan antara pemberian ekstrak daun binahong (A. cordifolia) terhadap bakteri V. harveyi membentuk pola linier dengan persamaan y = 7,45x + 0,68 dan koefisien nilai R2 Nilai koefisien R2 yang dihasilkan menunjukkan aktivitas antibakteri daun binahong (A. cordifolia) terhadap bakteri V. harveyi sebesar 79%. Kesimpulan yang didapat adalah pemberian ekstrak daun binahong (A. cordifolia) efektif sebagai bahan antibakteri alami untuk bakteri V. harveyi dengan dosis terbaik pada perlakuan E (250 ppm). Bahan alami ini bersifat bakterisidal yang mampu membunuh pertumbuhan bakteri. Hal ini dipengaruhi adanya kandungan senyawa aktif flavonoid, tanin dan fenol yang terkandung di dalam ekstrak daun binahong (A. cordifolia).

English Abstract

The success of aquaculture activities cannot be separated from the role of water quality management. Because of water is a living medium for aquatic organisms where water is directly related to the environment. Poor water quality management makes it easy for pathogens to enter the environment and cause fish and shrim disease. One of the most common diseases is Vibriosis which is caused by infection with the bacterium Vibrio harveyi. Prevention and treatment of these diseases generally use synthetic antibiotics. The use of antibiotics can trigger negative impacts such as residues, resistance to bacteria and environmental pollution. The use of synthetic antibiotics can be absorbed using natural ingredients that contain antibacterial compounds such as binahong leaves (A. cordifolia). This study aims to determine the inhibitory power of the extract of binahong leaves (A. cordifolia) against V. harveyi bacteria. This research was conducted at the Laboratory of Fish Disease and Health and the Laboratory of Exploration of Fisheries and Marine Resources, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Brawijaya University in December 2022 – February 2023. The research method used was an experimental method to directly determine the effect of various doses of binahong leaf extract (A. cordifolia) on the inhibition of V. harveyi bacteria which was marked by the formation of an area of inhibition zone. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with 5 treatments and 3 replication. The treatment doses of binahong leaf extract (A. cordifolia) were A (50 ppm), B (100 ppm), C (150 ppm), D (200 ppm) and E (250 ppm). The results showed that binahong leaf extract (A. cordifolia) had a significantly different effect on the growth of V. harveyi bacteria. Observation of inhibition was carried out 24 hours and 48 hours after incubation by looking at the diameter of the inhibition zone. The 24-hour inhibition results showed that the highest dose was in treatment E (250 ppm) with an average of 9.06 ± 0.25 and the lowest dose was in treatment A (50 ppm) with an average of 7.69 ± 0.24. Observations 48 hours after incubation showed an increase in the area of the inhibition zone indicating bactericidal properties. This study shows that the relationship between administration of binahong leaf extract (A. cordifolia) to V. harveyi bacteria forms a linear pattern with the equation y = 7.45x + 0.68 and the coefficient R2 value The resulting R2 coefficient value indicates the antibacterial activity of binahong leaves (A cordifolia) against V. harveyi bacteria by 79%. The conclusion obtained was that the administration of binahong leaf extract (A. cordifolia) was effective as a natural antibacterial agent for V. harveyi bacteria with the best dose in treatment E (250 ppm). This natural ingredient was bactericidal which can kill bacterial growth. This was influenced by the presence of active compounds of flavonoids, tannins and phenols contained in binahong leaf extract (A. cordifolia).

Item Type:	Thesis (Sarjana)
Identification Number:	0523080278
Divisions:	Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan > Budidaya Perairan
Depositing User:	soegeng sugeng
Date Deposited:	17 Nov 2023 06:25
Last Modified:	17 Nov 2023 06:25
URI:	http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/204566

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