Sa’diyyah, Chalimatus and Prof. Dr. Ir. Nurul Aini, (2023) Pengaruh Tanaman Pendamping (Companion Planting) Terhadap Pertumbuhan Dan Hasil Tanaman Tomat (Solanum Lycopersicum Mill.). Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Tanaman tomat merupakan salah satu tanaman sayur buah yang memiliki nilai ekonomis cukup tinggi, hal ini dikarenakan peran penting pada buah tomat. Namun, tanaman tomat ini juga merupakan tanaman yang rentan terhadap kerusakan buah. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan upaya untuk mencegah penurunan kualitas buah dan mempertahankan potensi buah tomat agar tiap tahunnya produksi tetap meningkat. Salah satu upaya yang dapat diterapkan adalah pemanfaatan pematang sawah dengan budidaya tomat serta berbagai tanaman lain. Pematang sawah juga dapat sebagai alternatif dalam permasalahan kurangnya lahan yang tersedia, dan meningkatkan keanekaragaman hayati di area sawah seperti pertanian padi kompleks. Model budidaya tomat ini dilakukan dengan penerapan companion planting (tanaman pendamping). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mempelajari pengaruh berbagai macam tanaman pendamping (companion planting) terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil, nisbah kesetaraan lahan (NKL), serta serangan hama pada tanaman tomat. Diduga jenis tanaman pendamping (companion planting) yang berbeda akan memberikan pengaruh berbeda pula terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil, nisbah kesetaraan lahan (NKL), serta serangan hama pada tanaman tomat. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Januari hingga Juli 2022 yang berlokasi di area sawah Desa Sukorejo, Kecamatan Gondanglegi, Kabupaten Malang, Provinsi Jawa Timur. Rancangan untuk percobaan ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan 5 perlakuan yang diulang sebanyak 6 kali. Berikut perlakuan yang digunakan diantaranya P0 = monokultur; P1 = tomat + marigold (kenikir); P2 = tomat + kacang bambara; P3 = tomat + mentimun; dan P4 = tomat + labu kuning. Variabel pengamatan tanaman tomat adalah tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, luas daun, waktu muncul bunga, jumlah bunga per tanaman, jumlah buah, diameter buah, dan bobot segar buah. Pengamatan juga dilakukan dengan perhitungan nilai NKL (Nisbah Kesetaraan Lahan) dan identifikasi hama pada tanaman tomat. Variabel pengamatan tanaman pendamping dilakukan pada hasil dari tanaman tersebut. Analisis data percobaan ini menggunakan perhitungan tabel ANOVA dan apabila terdapat perlakuan yang berpengaruh nyata maka dilanjutkan dengan uji BNJ pada taraf 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penanaman tanaman pendamping menunjukkan pengaruh yang berbeda nyata terhadap jumlah daun, waktu muncul bunga, dan jumlah bunga tanaman tomat. Namun, tidak berbeda nyata pada tinggi tanaman, luas daun, jumlah buah, diameter buah, dan bobot segar buah tomat. Perlakuan tanaman tomat + tanaman mentimun memberikan nilai NKL (nisbah kesetaraan lahan) lebih tinggi yaitu 2,00 dibandingkan monokultur. Selain itu, dari segi serangan hama tomat bahwa perlakuan tanaman tomat + tanaman marigold / kenikir menghasilkan intensitas serangan hama terendah dibandingkan perlakuan lain
English Abstract
The tomato plant is one of the fruit vegetable plants that have quite high economic value, this is due to the important role of tomatoes. However, tomato plants are also susceptible to damage. So efforts are needed to prevent a decrease in fruit quality and maintain the potential of tomatoes so that production continues to increase every year. One of the efforts that can be implemented is the utilization of paddy field bunds by cultivating tomatoes and various intercrops. Dike bunds can also be an alternative to the problem of shortage of available land, and increase biodiversity in dikes such as rice farming complexes. This tomato cultivation model is carried out by implementing companion plants. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of different companion plants on the growth and yield, land equivalent ratio (LER), and pest attacks on tomato plants. The hypothesis of this research was to different types of companion plants will have different effects on growth and yield, land equivalent ratio (LER), and pest attacks on tomato plants. This research was conducted from January to July 2022, which is located in the rice field area of Sukorejo Village, Gondanglegi District, Malang Regency, East Java Province. The design for this experiment used a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with 5 treatments which were repeated 6 times. The following treatments were used including P0 = monoculture; P1 = tomatoes + marigolds (kenikir); P2 = tomato + bambara beans; P3 = tomatoes + cucumber; and P4 = tomato + yellow pumpkin. The observation variables for tomato plants were plant length, number of leaves, time of flower emergence, number of flowers per plant, number of fruit, fruit diameter, and fruit fresh weight. Observations were also made by calculating the value of the LER (Land Equivalent Ratio) and identifying pests on tomato plants. The observation variables for companion plants were carried out on the results of these plants. Analysis of this experimental data using a calculation of ANOVA table and if there is a treatment that has a significant effect then it is continued with the HSD test (Honestly Significant Difference) at the 5% level. The results showed that planting companion plants had significantly different effects on the number of leaves, time for flowers to appear, and number of flowers on tomato plants. However, it was not significantly different on plant height, leaf area, fruit number, fruit diameter, and fresh weight of tomato fruit. The tomato + cucumber plants treatment gave a higher LER (Land Equivalent Ratio) value of 2.00 compared to monoculture. In addition, in terms of tomato pest attack, the tomato + marigold / kenikir plants treatment produced the lowest intensity of pest attack compared to other treatments
Other obstract
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| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | 0523040196 |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 630 Agriculture and related technologies |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Budidaya Pertanian |
| Depositing User: | Nur Cholis |
| Date Deposited: | 01 Aug 2023 02:07 |
| Last Modified: | 01 Aug 2023 02:07 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/202268 |
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