Dinia, Nur Melania Fitri and Sugiono, ST., MT., Ph.D. (2023) Instalasi Workstation Penyandang Disabilitas Tunadaksa Pada Pengrajin Kayu Dengan Pendekatan Ergonomi (Studi Kasus: UMKM Hans Collection, Malang). Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Hans Collection adalah UMKM yang memproduksi ukiran dan produk bebahan dasar kayu. Proses produksi dilakukan oleh pengrajin disabilitas tunadaksa pada kaki dengan menggunakan peralatan ukir manual, sehingga terdapat keluhan rasa sakit saat bekerja. Berdasarkan hasil wawancara dan pengisian kuesioner Nordic Body Map oleh pengrajin terdapat keluhan rasa sakit pada bagian lengan atas kanan, betis kiri, pergelangan kaki kanan dan telapak kaki kiri. Keluhan rasa sakit saat bekerja dapat diindikasikan terjadinya risiko Musculoskeletal disoders (MSDs). Pada penelitian ini dilakukan analisis untuk mengurangi risiko MSDs dan pemberian rekomendasi perbaikan yang dapat diterapkan pada proses produksi UMKM Hans Collection. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Quick Exposure Checklist dan Rapid Upper Limb Assessment. Metode QEC yaitu metode pengukuran beban postur dan ganguan otot yang dilakukan dengan pengisian kuesioner oleh pengrajin disabilitas tunadaksa pada kaki dan peneliti, terdapat beberapa faktor seperti leher, lengan/bahu, punggung, pergelangan tangan, beban maksimum, durasi, kekuatan maksimum dengan menggunakan 1 tangan, kebutuhan visual, mengemudi, getaran yang diterima, kesulitan kerja dan stress. metode RULA digunakan untuk menilai postur kerja tubuh bagian atas pengrajin disabilitas selama proses produksi yang dibagi menajadi 2 grup penilaian yaitu A dengan lengan atas, bawah dan posisi pergelangan tangan, serta melihat gerakan dan berat yang dibawa dan B dengan melihat posisi leher dan punggung pada saat bekerja, serta melihat kondisi kaki pekerja. Berdasarkan penilaian metode QEC diperoleh exposure score sebesar 75,51 % dengan action level yaitu tindakan lebih lanjut dan dibutuhkan perubahan pada workstation yang digunakan pada proses pengukiran. Beberapa faktor terdapat pada level very high seperti bahu /lengan memiliki skor 44, pergelangan tangan/tangan dengan skor 42, punggung dengan skor 30 dan leher 18, untuk faktor lain mendapatkan skor moderate dan low. dengan metode RULA didapatkan skor pengrajin sebesar 6 dengan analisis bahwa postur kerja xii pengrajin saat melakukan pengukiran tidak aman dan perlu dilakukan investigasi lebih lanjut serta perubahan secepatnya pada stasiun kerja. Pada penilaian neck, trunk, leg score pengrajin mendapatkan nilai sebesar 6 dan wrist arm score sebesar 4. Rekomendasi perbaikan yang dapat dimplementasikan pada UMKM Hans Collection adalah perancangan ulang workstation dengan mengaplikasikan ilmu ergonomi pada penentuan dimensi sehingga dapat menurukan risiko MSDs dengan memperbaiki postur kerja pengrajin, perbaikan system kerja dengan penambahan fasilitas seperti mesin produksi dan intalansi listrik yang bertujuan untuk mengurangi pergerakan bahu/lengan secara kontinyu dan meningkatkan produktivitas, dan desain troli untuk mempermudah dalam material handling
English Abstract
Hans Collection is a MSMEs that produces carvings and wood-based products. The production process is carried out by craftsmen with disabilities on their feet using manual carving equipment, so there are complaints of pain when working. Based on the results of interviews and filling out the Nordic Body Map questionnaire by the craftsmen, there were complaints of pain in the right upper arm, left calf, right ankle and left sole. Complaints of pain at work can indicate a risk of Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). In this study an analysis was carried out to reduce the risk of MSDs and provide recommendations for improvements that could be applied to the Hans Collection MSMEs production process. This study used the Quick Exposure Checklist and Rapid Upper Limb Assessment methods. The QEC method is a method of measuring posture load and muscle disorders which is carried out by filling out questionnaires by craftsmen with disabilities on legs and researchers, there are several factors such as neck, arm/shoulder, back, wrist, maximum load, duration, maximum strength using 1hands, visual needs, driving, received vibration, work difficulties and stress. The RULA method is used to assess the working posture of the upper body of craftsmen with disabilities during the production process which is divided into 2 assessment groups, namely A by the position of the upper arms, forearms and wrists, and looking at the movement and weight being carried and B by looking at the position of the neck and back when work, and see the condition of the worker's feet. Based on the assessment method QEC obtained exposure score of 75.51% with an action level, namely further action and changes needed to the workstation used in the engraving process. Several factors are at a very high level, such as the shoulder/arm with a score of 44, wrist/hand with a score of 42, back with a score of 30 and neck 18, for other factors getting moderate and low scores. An assessment using the RULA method obtained a score of 6 for the craftsman with the analysis that the working posture of the craftsman while carving was unsafe and needed further investigation and immediate changes to the work xiv station. In the assessment of the neck, trunk, leg score, the craftsmen get a score of 6 and a wrist arm score of 4. Recommendations for improvements that can be implemented in the Hans Collection MSMEs are redesigning the workstation by applying ergonomics to determining dimensions so that it can reduce the risk of MSDs by improving the working posture of craftsmen, improving the work system by adding facilities such as production machines and electrical installations which aim to reduce shoulder movement / arms continuously and increase productivity, and trolley design to facilitate material handling
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | 0522070493 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Disabilitas, Musculoskeletal Dirsoders (MSDs), Rapid Upper Limb Assessment, Nordic Body Map, Quick Exposure Checklist-disabilities, Musculoskeletal Dirsoders (MSDs), Nordic Body Map, Quick Exposure Checklist |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 670 Manufacturing |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Teknik > Teknik Industri |
| Depositing User: | Endang Susworini |
| Date Deposited: | 13 Jun 2023 07:23 |
| Last Modified: | 13 Jun 2023 07:23 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/201547 |
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