Analisis Konsorsium Biofilm pada Geomembrane Tambak Intensif Udang Vaname (Litopenaeus vannamei)

Shabilla, Fatinisya Riski and Prof. Dr. Ir. Muhammad Musa,, MS. and Sulastri Arsad,, S.Pi, M.Si, M.Sc. (2022) Analisis Konsorsium Biofilm pada Geomembrane Tambak Intensif Udang Vaname (Litopenaeus vannamei). Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.

Abstract

Tambak udang vaname menjadi salah satu daya tarik unggul dalam kegiatan budidaya perikanan. Penggunaan plastik geomembrane menjadi salah satu cara yang efektif untuk meningkatkan padat tebar dalam kegiatan budidaya udang guna memenuhi permintaan konsumen yang tinggi. Maksimalnya kegiatan budidaya perairan perlu memperhatikan lingkungan yang akan menjadi tempat hidup biota. Kemerosotan kualitas air pada kolam akan mengakibatkan udang menjadi stress sehingga rentan terkena pantogen baik bakteri, virus atau protozoa. Adapun upaya pencegahan yang dapat dilakukan seperti kontroling rutin terhadap kulitas air tambak, pemberian vitamin maupun stimulan serta kajian analisis biofilm untuk mengetahui jenis dan jumlah mikroorganisme pada tambak guna mengantisipasi sesuatu yang bersifat merugikan bagi kegiatan budidaya udang vaname. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Maret hingga April 2022 pada tambak intensif Dinas Kelautan Perikanan dan Percobaan Laboratorium Perikanan Air Laut dan Air Payau Kota Probolinggo, Jawa Timur. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menganalisis kualitas air tambak, mengidentifikasi mikoorganisme pada konsorsium biofilm di geomembrane tambak udang serta menganalisis hubungan kualitas air dengan konsorsium biofilm di geomembrane tambak udang. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode dan analisis deskriptif. Tujuan dari penelitian ini ialah mengetahui hubungan kualitas air terhadap keberadaan konsorsium biofilm. Kualitas air yang diukur pada penelitian ini meliputi suhu, kecerahan, salinitas, pH, DO serta TDS yang dilakukan secara in-situ. Sedangkan parameter amonia, fosfat, nitrat, dan TOM dilakukan secara ex-situ pada Laboratorium Kesehatan Ikan dan Lingkungan Bangil, Jawa Timur. Analisis data tersebut nantinya akan digunakan untuk mengetahui hubungan kualitas air dengan keberadaan konsorsium bioflm pada geomembrane tambak udang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat beberapa parameter kualitas air yang belum memenuhi standarisasi baku mutu berdasarkan Permen kp No.75 Tahun 2016 meliputi salinitas, ammonia, nitrat dan TOM. Sedangkan parameter yang sudah memenuhi standarisasi baku mutu meliputi suhu, pH, oksigen terlarut, fosfat dan TDS. Biofilm yang teridentifikasi pada geomembrane tambak intensif udang vaname didominasi oleh fitoplankton dengan genus Chlorella sp, Cyclotella sp., Cosmarium sp., Polytoma sp. dan Achnanthes sp. Sedangkan terdapat dua jenis bakteri yang teridentifaksi yaitu bakteri gram negative meliputi Vibrio algonilyticus, Vibrio mimicus, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Vibrio metschnikovii serta E. coli dan bakteri gram positif meliputi Bacillus Brevis dan Bacillus megaterium.

English Abstract

The vaname shrimp ponds are one of the premier attractions in aquaculture activities. The use of geomembrane plastic is an effective way to increase stocking density in shrimp farming activities to meet high consumer demand. Maximum aquaculture activities need to pay attention to the environment because it will be a place for biota to live. Deterioration of water quality in ponds will cause shrimp to become stressed so that they are susceptible to pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, or protozoa. As for prevention efforts that can be done, such as routine control of pond water quality, administration of vitamins and stimulants, as well as biofilm analysis studies to determine the type and number of microorganisms in ponds in order to anticipate something that is detrimental to vaname shrimp cultivation activities. The research was carried out from March to April 2022 in intensive ponds of the Department of Marine Fisheries and Experimental Laboratory of Seawater and Brackish Water Fisheries, Probolinggo City, East Java. This research was conducted to analyze pond water quality, identify microorganisms in the biofilm consortium in the shrimp pond geomembrane and analyze the relationship between water quality and the biofilm consortium in the shrimp pond geomembrane. This study uses descriptive methods and analysis. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between water quality and the presence of a biofilm consortium. The water quality measured in this study included temperature, brightness, salinity, pH, DO, and TDS, which were carried out in-situ. Meanwhile, the parameters of ammonia, phosphate, nitrate, and TOM were carried out ex-situ at the Fish and Environmental Health Laboratory in Bangil, East Java. This data analysis will later be used to determine the relationship between water quality and the presence of a biofilm consortium on the geomembrane of shrimp ponds. The results showed that there were several water quality parameters that did not meet the quality standards based on Permen kp No. 75 of 2016, including salinity, ammonia, nitrate, and TOM. While the parameters that have met the standardization of quality standards include temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, phosphate, and TDS. The biofilms identified in the geomembrane of intensive vaname shrimp ponds were dominated by phytoplankton with the genera Chlorella sp., Cyclotella sp., Cosmarium sp., Polytoma and Achnanthes sp. Meanwhile, two types of bacteria were identified, namely gram-negative bacteria including Vibrio algonilyticus, Vibrio mimicus, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Vibrio metschnikovii, and E. coli, and gram-positive bacteria including Bacillus Brevis and Bacillus megaterium.

Item Type:	Thesis (Sarjana)
Identification Number:	0522080265
Subjects:	300 Social sciences > 333 Economics of land and energy > 333.9 Other natural resources > 333.95 Biological resources > 333.956 Fishes
Divisions:	Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan > Manajemen Sumberdaya Perairan
Depositing User:	soegeng sugeng
Date Deposited:	20 Mar 2023 02:57
Last Modified:	20 Mar 2023 02:57
URI:	http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/197713

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