Wahyuono, Raisera Maulani Rahmadinda and Dr. Ir. Sandra Malin Sutan, MP and Dr. Ir. Ary Mustofa Ahmad, MP (2022) Pengaruh Kadar Air pada Sifat Fisik dan Sifat Mekanik Gabah Varietas Sintanur. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Gabah merupakan bulir hasil tanaman padi (Oryza Sativa L.) yang telah lepas dari tangkainya dengan cara dirontokan. Tanaman Padi (Oryza Sativa L.) merupakan sumber makanan pokok bagi masyarakat. Sebagian besar dari populasi penduduk dunia menjadikan beras sebagai makanan utama. Indonesia memiliki banyak varietas padi yang tersebar di Pulau Jawa maupun di luar Pulau Jawa. Varietas Sintanur merupakan jenis padi yang unik karena aroma khasnya disebabkan oleh senyawa volatile 2 acetyl-1-pyyroline (2AP), yang juga ditemukan pada bagian kalus dan organ vegetative tanaman padi. Selain itu, gabah aromatik sintanur merupakan paduan antara Varietas Begawan Solo dan Varietas Lusi. Bahan hasil pertanian mudah rusak, sehingga memerlukan penanganan yang baik agar tidak mengalami penururnan mutu yang sangat drastis. Perancangan alat dan mesin pertanian yang disesuaikan dengan sifat fisik bahan, agar mengurangi tingkat kehilangan hasil pada saat pengolahan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis pengaruh kadar air terhadap beberapa sifat fisik dan sifat mekanik dari gabah varietas Sintanur. Penelitian gabah varietas Sintanur dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode eksperimental untuk mengetahui pengaruh kadar air terhadap beberapa sifat fisik. Pada penelitian ini sifat fisik yang diuji ada beberapa, yaitu: dimensi aksial, diameter rata-rata aritmatik, diameter rata-rata geometri, luas permukaan, kebulatan, massa 1000 biji, densitas curah, densitas nyata, porositas, sudut luncur, dan koefisien friksi. Tingkat kadar air yang digunakan sebagai perlakuan yaitu: 12.534 %, 14.888 % dan 18.640 % dengan tiga kali pengulangan setiap perlakuan. Data pengukuran dihitung menggunakan analisis variasi (ANOVA) dengan uji beda nyata terkecil dipisahkan. Sifat fisik gabah varietas sintanur ditentukan sebagai fungsi kadar air pada 12.534 %, 14.888 % dan 18.640 %. Panjang, lebar dan tebal rata-rata pada kondisi kadar air 12.534 % adalah 8.26 mm, 3.22 mm, dan 2.08 mm secara berturut-turut. Pada rentang kadar air 12.534 – 18.640 % hasil penelitian menunjukkan peningkatan secara linear pada massa seribu biji, sudut luncur, koefisien friksi, sudut curah dan kuat tekan. Massa seribu biji gabah varietas sintanur dari 27.220 gram hingga 30.546 gram, sudut curah dari 0.57 hingga 0.62, kuat tekan dari 9.51 kgF hingga 5.76 kgF penurunan diakibatkan makin banyak kadar air yang terserap makin menurun tingkat kekerasannya, Sudut luncur digunakan untuk mencari bahan hopper yang tepat guna, dan dari penelitian didapatkan nilai koefisien terkecil pada kaca, namun bahan yang baik menggunakan besi agar tidak mudah pecah.
English Abstract
Grain is the grain produced by the rice plant (Oryza sativa L.) which has been separated from the stalk by threshing. Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is a staple food source for the community. Most of the world's population makes rice as the main food. Indonesia has many varieties of rice spread across Java and outside Java. The Sintanur variety is a unique type of rice because its distinctive aroma is due to the volatile compound 2 acetyl-1-pyyroline (2AP), which is also found in the callus and vegetative organs of rice plants. In addition, the aromatic sintanur grain is a combination of the Begawan Solo variety and the Lusi variety. Agricultural materials are easily damaged, so they require good handling so as not to experience a very drastic decrease in quality. The design of agricultural tools and machines that are adapted to the physical properties of the material, in order to reduce the level of yield loss during processing. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of water content on several physical and mechanical properties of the Sintanur variety of grain. Research on the grain of the Sintanur variety was carried out using experimental methods to determine the effect of water content on several physical properties. In this study, several physical properties were tested, namely: axial dimension, arithmetic mean diameter, geometric mean diameter, surface area, roundness, mass of 1000 seeds, densitas curah, densitas nyata, porosity, sliding angle, and coefficient of friction. . The levels of water content used as treatments were: 12.534%, 14.888% and 18.640% with three repetitions of each treatment. The measurement data was calculated using analysis of variation (ANOVA) with the smallest significant difference test separated. The physical properties of the sintanur variety grain were determined as a function of the water content at 12.534%, 14.888% and 18.640%. The average length, width and thickness at 12.534% moisture content were 8.26 mm, 3.22 mm, and 2.08 mm, respectively. In the range of water content 12,534 – 18,640 % the results showed a linear increase in the mass of a thousand seeds, sliding angle, friction coefficient, bulk angle and compressive strength. The mass of a thousand grains of sintanur variety from 27,220 grams to 30,546 grams, the angle of bulk from 0.57 to 0.62, the compressive strength from 9.51 kgF to 5.76 kgF the decrease is due to the more water content absorbed the lower the hardness level, the sliding angle is used to find the right hopper material use, and from the research obtained the smallest coefficient value on glass, but a good material uses iron so that it is not easily broken.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | 0522100270 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Gabah Sintanur, Kadar Air, Sifat Fisik, Sifat Mekanik,Mechanical Properties, Moisture Content, Physical Properties, Sintanur Grain |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 630 Agriculture and related technologies |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian > Keteknikan Pertanian |
| Depositing User: | soegeng sugeng |
| Date Deposited: | 02 Jan 2023 07:08 |
| Last Modified: | 02 Jan 2023 07:08 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/196497 |
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