Agustin, Dyah Ayu and Prof.Dr.Ir. Abdul Latief Abadi,, MS and Luqman Qurata Aini,, SP., MP., Ph.D (2022) Mekanisme Antagonis Dan Induksi Ketahanan Rizobakteri Terhadap Sclerotium Rolfsii Penyebab Rebah Semai Pada Tanaman Kacang Tanah. Magister thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Sclerotium rolfsii merupakan penyakit penting pada tanaman kacang tanah. S. rolfsii menyebabkan kehilangan hasil sebesar 25-50%. Pengendalian kimiawi menggunakan fungisida merupakan pilihan terakhir karena berdampak negatif bagi ekosistem dan manusia. Pengendalian hayati menggunakan rizobakteri merupakan salah satu solusi untuk menekan pertumbuhan jamur S. rolfsii yang bersifat ramah lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui mekanisme antagonis rizobakteri dalam menghambat pertumbuhan S. rolfsii dan menekan terjadinya penyakit rebah semai, serta mengetahui potensi rizobakteri dalam menginduksi ketahanan tanaman kacang tanah. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan November 2021 hingga Januari 2022. di Laboratorium Penyakit Tumbuhan 1 dan 3 Departemen Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Brawijaya (UB), Laboratorium Biomedik Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Muhamadiyah Malang (UMM), Laboratorium bioteknologi UMM, serta rumah kawat Departemen Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Brawijaya. Rangkaian penelitian yang dilakukan adalah peremajaan isolat rizobakteri dan jamur S. rolfsii, uji antagonis rizobakteri terhadap S. rolfsii, pengamatan abnormlitas hifa, analisis produksi enzim hidrolitik, identifikasi molekuler rizobakteri terpilih, uji penekanan penyakit rebah semai secara in vivo, dan uji induksi ketahanan tanaman oleh rizobakteri pada tanaman kacang tanah. Hasil seleksi menunjukkan bahwa dari 16 isolat rizobakteri terdapat 4 isolat (G19, K009, R27, dan R54) yang efektif menghambat pertumbuhan S. rolfsii. Empat isolat rizobakteri antagonis menproduksi enzim hidrolitik berupa selulase, kitinase, dan protease. Berdasarkan identifikasi molekuker 16S rRNA isolat G19, K009, R27, dan R54 berturut-turut sebagai Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, P. aeruginosa, dan Enterobacter asburiae. Isolat K009 dan R54 mampu meningkatkan tinggi tanaman dan sebanyak 3 (K009, R27, dan R54) isolat rizobakteri mampu meningkatkan jumlah daun tanaman kacang tanah dibandingkan dengan kontrol. Berdasarkan uji penekanan penyakit, 4 isolat rizobakteri mampu menekan kejadian penyakit rebah semai pada tanaman kacang tanah setara dengan fungisida. Hasil analisis total fenol, keempat isolat rizobakteri tidak mampu meningkatkan total fenol pada daun tanaman kacang tanah, sedangkan pada pengujian enzim peroksdase dan enzim polifenol oksidase terdapat tiga isolat rizobakteri (K009, R27, dan R54) yang mampu meningkatkan enzim tersebut.
English Abstract
Sclerotium rolfsii is an important disease in peanut plants. S. rolfsii causes yield losses of 25-50%. Chemical control using fungicides is a last resort because it has a negative impact on ecosystems and humans. Biological control using rhizobacteria is one solution to suppress the growth of the fungus S. rolfsii which is environment friendly. This research aims to determine the mechanism of rhizobacteria antagonists in inhibiting the growth of S. rolfsii and suppressing the occurence damping off disease, and to determine the potential of rhizobacteria in inducing resistance of peanut plants. The research was carried out from November 2021 to January 2022. In the Laboratory of Plant Diseases 1 and 3, Department of Pests and Plant Diseases, Faculty of Agriculture, Brawijaya University (UB), Biomedical Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Muhamadiyah Malang University (UMM), Biotechnology Laboratory of UMM, and wire house of the Department of Pests and Plant Diseases, Faculty of Agriculture, UB. The research stage include rejuvenating of rhizobakery and S. rolfsii isolates, rhizobacteria antagonist test against S. rolfsii, observation of hyphal abnormalities, production of hydrolytic enzymes, molecular identification of selected rhizobacteria, in vivo suppression of damping off disease, and induction resistance by rhizobacteria on peanut plant. The selection results showed that of the 16 rhizobacteria isolates, there were 4 isolates (G19, K009, R27, and R54 ) that were effective in inhibited the growth of S. rolfsii. Four isolates of antagonistic rhizobacteria produced hydrolytic enzymes such as cellulase, chitinase, and protease. Based on the molecular identification 16S rRNA isolates G19, K009, R27, and R54 consecutively were identified as Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, P. aeruginosa, and Enterobacter asburiae. K009 dan R54 isolates were able to increase plant height and as many as 3 rhizobacteria isolates (K009, R27, and R54 ) were able to increase the number of leaves peanut plant compared to controls. Based on the disease suppression test, 4 selected rhizobacteria isolates were able to suppress the incidence damping off disease in peanuts equivalent to fungicides. The analysis of total phenol, the four rhizobacteria isolates ware unable to increase the total phenol in the leave of the peanut plant, while in the peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase enzyme tests, three rhizobacteria isolates (K009, R27, and R54 ) were able to increase these enzymes
Other obstract
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| Item Type: | Thesis (Magister) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | 0422040021 |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 631 Specific techniques; apparatus, equipment materials > 631.4 Soil science |
| Divisions: | S2/S3 > Magister Ilmu Tanaman, Fakultas Pertanian |
| Depositing User: | Nur Cholis |
| Date Deposited: | 17 Nov 2022 02:38 |
| Last Modified: | 17 Nov 2022 02:38 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/196370 |
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