Primayuri, Deviana and Dr. Anton Muhibuddin,, SP., MP and Dr. Ir. Mintarto Martosudiro,, MS. (2022) Eksplorasi Khamir Rizosfer Pada Tanaman Padi Dan Kemampuan Antagonismenya Terhadap Pyricularia Oryzae Cav. Penyebab Penyakit Blas. Magister thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Penyakit blas (Pyricularia oryzae) merupakan penyakit penting padi pada fase vegetatif hingga generatif yang dapat menimbulkan kehilangan hasil. patogen ini menyerang beberapa bagian padi seperti daun, leher daun, batang, maupun biji. Selain itu, patogen ini juga menyerang pada semua fase pertumbuhan dimulai dari persemaian hingga sebelum panen. Selain itu P.oryzae mampu membentuk ras baru dalam waktu yang singkat. Upaya alternatif dalam mengendalikan patogen P. oryzae yakni memanfaatkan khamir sebagai agen hayati dengan pemanfaatan khamir rhizosfer. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh khamir yang memiliki potensi yang terbaik dalam menghambat perkembangan patogen P.oryzae serta mengkaji mekanisme yang dihasilkan dalam serta senyawa antagonis nya. Penelitian ini meliputi isolasi P.oryzae, eksplorasi khamir rizosfer, uji antagonis, identifikasi molekuler, pengamatan mekanisme penghambatan menggunakan SEM, dan uji aktivitas enzim hidrolitik (kitinase dan selulase). Eksplorasi khamir rizosfer didapatkan 8 isolat yang diuji antagonismenya terhadap patogen P.oryzae. Pengujian antagonis dihasilkan tiga khamir yang memiliki kemampuan daya hambat tertinggi meliputi khamir KRDP6, KRDP7, dan KRDP9. Selanjutnya ketiga khamir terbaik memiliki mekanisme antibiosis terhadap patogen P. oryzae dengan ditandai oleh adanya zona bening diantara koloni khamir dan koloni patogen P.oryzae. Mekanisme penghambatan juga diamati menggunakan SEM dihasilkan adanya mekanisme mikoparasitisme oleh isolat W. onychis dan KRDP9, serta mekanisme antibiosis dengan adanya hifa yang mengalami plasmolisis. Konsentrasi dan aktivitas kitinase tertinggi dihasilkan oleh perlakuan P.oryzae + W. onychis, sedangkan konsentrasi dan aktivitas enzim selulase tertinggi dihasilkan oleh perlakuan P.oryzae + KRDP9.
English Abstract
Blast disease (Pyricularia oryzae) is one of an important disease of rice in the vegetative to generative phases which can cause crop loses. This pathogen against several parts of rice such as leaves, leaf necks, stems, and seeds. In addition, this pathogen also attacks all stages of growth starting vegetative to generative phase. In addition, P.oryzae is able to form a new race in a short time. An alternative effort to control the P. oryzae pathogen is to use yeast as a biological agent by using rhizosphere yeast. This study aims to obtain yeast that has the best potential in inhibiting of P. oryzae and also to learn the mechanism produced in the antagonist compound. This research include isolation of P. oryzae, exploration and morphological identification of rhizosphere yeast, molecular identification, P.oryzae inhibition assays, SEM, quantification of hydrolytic enzyme. The results of the exploration of rhizosphere yeast obtained 8 isolates which were tested for antagonism against the pathogen P.oryzae. The antagonist test resulted three yeasts having the highest inhibitory ability consisting of KRDP6, KRDP7, and KRDP9. Furthermore, those best yeasts have an antibiosis mechanism against P. oryzae pathogens, which are indicated by the existence of a clear zone between the yeast colonies and P. oryzae pathogenic colonies. The inhibition mechanism was also observed using SEM resulting in a mycoparasitism mechanism by W. onychis and KRDP9 isolates, as well as an antibiosis mechanism in the existence of hyphae undergoing plasmolysis. The highest concentration and activity of chitinase was produced by P.oryzae + W. onychis, while the highest concentration and activity of cellulase enzyme was produced by P.oryzae + KRDP9
Other obstract
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| Item Type: | Thesis (Magister) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | 0422040019 |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 632 Plant injuries, diseases, pests > 632.6 Animal pests |
| Divisions: | S2/S3 > Magister Ilmu Tanaman, Fakultas Pertanian |
| Depositing User: | Nur Cholis |
| Date Deposited: | 16 Nov 2022 06:54 |
| Last Modified: | 16 Nov 2022 06:54 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/196359 |
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