Keanekaragaman Kumbang Ambrosia Pada Lahan Pinus Polikultur Tanaman Tahunan Dan Pinus Polikultur Tanaman Semusim Di Kawasan Ub Forest

Zebua, Anastasia Br and Dr. Agr. Sc. Hagus Tarno,, SP., MP. and Dr. Mochammad Syamsul Hadi,, SP. MP. (2022) Keanekaragaman Kumbang Ambrosia Pada Lahan Pinus Polikultur Tanaman Tahunan Dan Pinus Polikultur Tanaman Semusim Di Kawasan Ub Forest. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.

Abstract

Kumbang ambrosia merupakan hama penggerek polifag yang menyerang tanaman tahunan khususnya golongan tanaman berkayu dan populasinya tersebar di berbagai daerah tropis. Kumbang ambrosia termasuk ke dalam 2 kelompok family yaitu Scolytidae dan Platypodidae yang bersimbiosis dengan jamur ambrosia di dalam lubang gerekan tanaman pohon berkayu sehingga mengakibatkan tanaman menjadi mati. Tanaman berkayu yang menjadi inang alternatif bagi kumbang ambrosia yaitu tanaman pinus. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisa kelimpahan dan keanekaragaman spesies kumbang ambrosia pada lahan pinus polikultur tanaman tahunan dan pinus polikultur tanaman semusim. Penelitian ini dilakukan mulai dari bulan Februari- April 2022 di lahan pinus polikultur tanaman tahunan dan pinus polikultur tanaman semusim pada kawasan hutan pendidikan UB Forest, bertempat di Dusun Sumbersari, Desa Tawang Argo, Kecamatan Karangploso, Kabupaten Malang. Proses pengumpulan spesimen di lahan melalui pemasangan perangkap pada ketinggian 1,5 m diatas permukaan tanah. Botol perangkap 1,5 L akan dilubangi terlebih dahulu pada bagian tengah sebagai tempat masuknya serangga dan botol berisi 3 ml larutan etanol 96% sebagai umpan serangga (senyawa atraktan). Sebanyak 20 botol perangkap diikat dalam kondisi terbalik pada 20 pohon sampel. Total keseluruhan pohon sampel pada kedua lahan yaitu sebanyak 40 pohon sampel dengan jarak antar pohon sampel sejauh 20 m. Pengumpulan dilakukan setiap 3 hari sekali selama 1 bulan sebanyak 10 kali pengulangan. Kumbang ambrosia dikumpulkan dan diawetkan pada etanol 96% dan diidentifikasi menggunakan mikroskop digital monokuler lalu mikroskop stereo pada Laboratorium Hama Tumbuhan, Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Brawijaya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa diperoleh 16 spesies kumbang ambrosia dari 10 genus antara lain Xylosandrus crassiusculus, Xylosandrus morigerus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus sp., Dendrocranulus sp., Xyleborus affinis, Premnobius sp., Ambrosiodmus sp. 1, Ambrosiodmus sp. 2, Ambrosiodmus sp. 3, Hypothenemus hampei, Debus shoreae, Xyleborinus andrewesi, Scolyplatypus sp., Diuncus sp., dan Xyleborinus sp. Populasi kumbang ambrosia yang diperoleh pada lahan pinus polikultur tanaman tahunan lebih tinggi yaitu sebanyak 324 ekor dibandingkan dengan lahan pinus polikultur tanaman semusim sebanyak 136 ekor. Indeks keanekaragaman pada lahan pinus polikultur tanaman tahunan dan pinus polikultur tanaman semusim termasuk dalam kategori sedang. Nilai indeks kemerataan pada kedua lahan termasuk dalam kategori rendah dan indeks dominansi dikategorikan tinggi. Spesies yang mendominasi pada kedua lahan adalah Xylosandrus crassiusculus

English Abstract

Ambrosia beetle is a polyphagous borer that attacks perennial plants, especially woody plants and the population is spread in various tropical areas. Ambrosia beetles belong to 2 family groups, namely Scolytidae and Platypodidae which have a symbiosis with the ambrosia fungus in the hole of the woody tree plant, causing the plant to die. The woody plant that is an alternative host for the ambrosia beetle is the pine plant. The purpose of this study was to analyze the abundance and diversity of species ambrosia beetles in a pine polyculture of perennial plants and pine polyculture of seasonal plants in UB Forest area. This research was started from February-April 2022 in pine polyculture of perennial plants and pine polyculture of seasonal plants in the educational forest area of UB Forest, located in Tawang Argo Village, Karangploso District, Malang Regency. The process of collecting specimens in the field through the installation of traps at a height of 1.5 m above ground level. The 1.5 L bottle used as a trap. The center part of a bottle will be cut off as a place for insects to enter and the bottle will be filled by 3 ml of 96% ethanol solution as insect bait (attractant compound). There will be a 20 trap bottles that were tied upside down on 20 sample trees. The total sample trees on the two fields were 40 sample trees with a distance between sample trees of 20 m. The specimen will be collected every 3 days for 1 month with total 10 repetitions. Ambrosia beetles were collected and preserved in 96% ethanol and identified using a digital monocular microscope and then using a stereo microscope at the Plant Pest Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Brawijaya. The results showed that 16 species of ambrosia beetles from 10 genera were obtained, among others Xylosandrus crassiusculus, Xylosandrus morigerus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus sp., Dendrocranulus sp., Xyleborus affinis, Premnobius sp., Ambrosiodmus sp. 1, Ambrosiodmus sp. 2, Ambrosiodmus sp. 3, Hypothenemus hampei, Debus shoreae, Xyleborinus andrewesi, Scolyplatypus sp., Diuncus sp., and Xyleborinus sp. The population of ambrosia beetles obtained on pine polyculture of perennial plants was higher, as many as 324 individuals compared to 136 individuals in a pine polyculture of seasonal plants. Diversity index on pine polyculture of perennial plants and pine polyculture of seasonal plants included in the medium category. The evenness index value on both lands was categorized as low and the dominance index was categorized as high. The dominant species in both fields was Xylosandrus crassiusculus

Other obstract

Item Type:	Thesis (Sarjana)
Identification Number:	0522040165
Subjects:	600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 632 Plant injuries, diseases, pests > 632.6 Animal pests
Divisions:	Fakultas Pertanian > Hama dan Penyakit Tanaman
Depositing User:	Nur Cholis
Date Deposited:	15 Nov 2022 03:32
Last Modified:	15 Nov 2022 03:32
URI:	http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/196328

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