Potensi Bakteri Rizosfer Sebagai Bioremediator Pada Lahan Tercemar Herbisida 2,4-D Dimetil Amina Dan Dampaknya Terhadap Pertumbuhan Tanaman Caisim

Maslichah, Alfiyatul and Prof. Dr. Ir. Abdul Latief Abadi,, MS. and Restu Rizkyta Kusuma,, SP., MP., MSc (2020) Potensi Bakteri Rizosfer Sebagai Bioremediator Pada Lahan Tercemar Herbisida 2,4-D Dimetil Amina Dan Dampaknya Terhadap Pertumbuhan Tanaman Caisim. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.

Abstract

Persentase pencemaran tanah di Indonesia dari tahun ke tahun mengalami peningkatan. Hal tersebut dapat dipengaruhi oleh banyaknya penggunaan herbisida berlebihan yang dapat menyebabkan akumulasi bahan kimia berbahaya di dalam tanah. Salah satu herbisida yang banyak digunakan petani di Indonesia mengandung bahan aktif 2,4-D dimetil amina. Upaya yang dapat dilakukan untuk menanggulangi pencemaran tanah yaitu dengan cara bioremediasi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian sebelumnya, diperoleh bakteri dari rizosfer tanaman wortel, pinus, bambu dan kopi di UB Forest. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengkaji potensi bakteri rizosfer sebagai bioremediator pada tanah yang tercemar herbisida 2,4-D dimetil amina serta dampaknya terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman caisim. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Penyakit Tumbuhan Jurusan Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Brawijaya, Kebun Rumah di Kecamatan Poncokusumo Kabupaten Malang dan Laboratorium Kimia Tanah Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang pada bulan Januari 2020 – September 2020. Tahapan penelitian meliputi seleksi bakteri rizosfer UB Forest toleran herbisida 2,4-D dimetil amina secara in vitro, uji potensi bakteri toleran terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman caisim secara in vivo dan uji residu herbisida 2,4-D dimetil amina pada tanah dan tanaman oleh bakteri toleran menggunakan metode HPLC. Hasil seleksi 10 bakteri rizosfer UB Forest pada media mengandung herbisida 2,4-D dimetil amina pada 4 konsentrasi berbeda yaitu 1 ml/l, 2 ml/l, 3ml/l dan 4 ml/l, diketahui bahwa terdapat 4 bakteri yang dapat tumbuh pada konsentrasi tertinggi 4ml/l bakteri tersebut ialah Bacillus sp. N3, Pseudomonas sp. N24, Clostridium sp. TH16 dan Pantoea sp. B62. Uji potensi bakteri toleran terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman caisim secara in vivo diketahui bahwa bakteri Bacillus sp. N3 tidak menghambat pertumbuhan tanaman caisim (tinggi tanaman, panjang akar dan jumlah daun) dibandingkan dengan kontrol. Bacillus sp. N3, Pseudomonas sp. N24, Clostridium sp. TH16 dan Pantoea sp. B62 diketahui secara signifikan mampu menurunkan residu herbisida 2,4-D dimetil amina di tanah pada 30 hsa dengan metode HPLC

English Abstract

The percentage of soil pollution in Indonesia has increased from year to year. This can be affected by the excessive use of herbicides which can cause the accumulation of hazardous chemicals in the soil. One herbicide that is widely used by farmers in Indonesia contains the active ingredient 2,4-D dimethyl amine. Efforts that can be made to tackle soil pollution are bioremediation. Based on the results of previous research, it was obtained bacteria from the rhizosphere of carrot, pine, bamboo and coffee plants in UB Forest. The aim of this study was to study the potential of rhizosphere bacteria as bioremediators in soil contaminated with the herbicide 2,4-D dimethyl amine and its impact on the growth of caisim plants. This research was held at the Laboratory of Plant Disease, Department of Plant Pests and Diseases, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Brawijaya, home garden in Poncokusumo District, Malang Regency and Soil Chemistry Laboratory, University of Muhammadiyah Malang in January 2020 - September 2020. The stages of the research included the selection of herbicide-tolerant rhizosphere bacteria 2.4-D dimethyl amine in vitro, test the potential of tolerant bacteria to the growth of caisim plants in vivo and herbicide residue testing of 2,4-D dimethyl amine on soil and plants by tolerant bacteria using HPLC method. The results of the selection of 10 rhizosphere bacteria on media containing the herbicide 2,4-D dimethyl amine at 4 different concentrations, it is known that there are 4 bacteria that can grow at the highest concentration of 4ml/l. These bacteria are Bacillus sp. N3, Pseudomonas sp. N24, Clostridium sp. TH16 and Pantoea sp. B62. In vivo test of tolerant bacteria potential of caisim plant growth showed that Bacillus sp. N3 do not inhibit the growth of caisim plants (plant height, root length and number of leaves) compared to control. Bacteria Bacillus sp. N3, Pseudomonas sp. N24, Clostridium sp. TH16 and Pantoea sp. B62 was found to significantly reduce the herbicide residues of 2,4-D dimethyl amine in the soil at 30 days with the HPLC method

Other obstract

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Item Type: Thesis (Sarjana)
Identification Number: 0520040026
Subjects: 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 632 Plant injuries, diseases, pests > 632.6 Animal pests
Divisions: Fakultas Pertanian > Hama dan Penyakit Tanaman
Depositing User: Nur Cholis
Date Deposited: 29 Sep 2022 06:38
Last Modified: 29 Sep 2022 06:38
URI: http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/195158
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