Ariadi, Puji Sugeng and Prof. Dr. Ir. Nuddin Harahab, , MP and Dr. Ir. Aminudin Afandhi,, MS (2018) Penerapan Ekolabel Best Aquaculture Practices Di Industri Pengolahan Udang Hasil Budidaya. Magister thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Salah satu sertifikasi ekolabel untuk industri pengolahan udang adalah Best Aquaculture Practices dari Global Aquaculture Alliance (GAA-BAP). Indonesia sebagai salah satu produsen udang terbesar dunia, maka berkepentingan dalam penerapan ekolabel GAA-BAP melalui dukungan regulasi dan mendorong perbaikan penerapan ekolabel yang lebih baik di industri pengolahan udang. Adanya tuntutan konsumen internasional terhadap produk ekolabel dan didukung oleh potensi ekspor udang Indonesia yang cukup besar serta produksi udang nasional yang semakin meningkat, harus dijadikan peluang oleh industri pengolahan udang di Indonesia yang sudah menerapkan sertifikasi ekolabel GAA-BAP. Para pelaku industri pengolahan udang tersebut harus memiliki formulasi strategi bahwa peluang akan nyata jika kekuatan perusahaan digunakan dengan cermat dan perusahaan harus mampu mengatasi kelemahan agar terhindar dari ancaman pasar tujuannya untuk meningkatkan penerapan sertifikasi ekolabel sehingga meningkatkan volume pemasaran produk. Penelitian ini bertujuan (1) mengkaji regulasi yang mendukung penerapan ekolabel GAABAP; (2) menganalisis kondisi aktual dalam memenuhi persyaratan ekolabel GAA-BAP; dan (3) memformulasikan strategi untuk meningkatkan penerapan ekolabel GAA-BAP di industri pengolahan udang hasil budidaya. Penelitian dilaksanakan mulai bulan Februari sampai dengan April 2019. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu metode deskriptif dengan studi kasus pada industri pengolahan udang beku yaitu PT. XYZ Sidoarjo. Metode analisis dalam mengkaji regulasi ekolabel GAA-BAP adalah metode yuridis empiris. Sedangkan metode analisis kondisi aktual dengan cara penilaian kesesuaian di lokasi studi kasus dibandingkan sub-sub klausul standar persyaratan ekolabel GAA-BAP serta penyusunan rekomendasi perbaikan. Perumusan strategi peningkatan dalam penerapan ekolabel GAA-BAP melalui tahapan identifikasi, perhitungan dan analisis terhadap faktor internal dan faktor eksternal dalam penerapan ekolabel GAA-BAP di PT. XYZ dengan menggunakan analisis IFE dan EFE serta analisis matrik IE, kemudian dilakukan analisis SWOT yaitu tahapan pemaduan antara kekuatan, kelemahan, peluang dan ancaman menggunakan matrik dan diagram SWOT. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan industri pengolahan udang sudah mematuhi dan menjalankan regulasi yang berlaku di Indonesia dan regulasi internasional khususnya negara-negara tujuan ekspor. Hasil penilaian kesesuaian menunjukkan bahwa PT. XYZ sudah memenuhi 100% sub klausul kepemilikan hak, 100% sub klausul sistem manajemen mutu, 75% sub klausul manajemen karyawan, 100% sub klausul manajemen limbah dan lingkungan, 93% sub klausul manajemen keamanan pangan, 90% sub klausul manajemen verifikasi, 100% sub klausul sistem ketertelusuran, dan 96% sudah memenuhi persyaratan tambahan. Rekomendasi perbaikan yang harus dilakukan perusahaan dalam penerapan ekolabel GAA-BAP saat ini adalah meningkatkan pengawasan dan pelatihan keselamatan kerja karyawan, melaksanakan program pelatihan penanganan bahan berbahaya beracun, mengimplementasikan prosedur pertahanan pangan, melaksanakan pengujian internal sesuai persyaratan GAABAP, melakukan audit internal menyeluruh yang mencakup audit sosial dan lingkungan, serta menjamin instalasi limbah dalam kondisi terbaik. Hasil analisis melalui matrik dan diagram SWOT menghasilkan strategi yang dapat dilakukan oleh PT. XYZ dalam mengembangkan penerapan ekolabel GAA-BAP yaitu strategi SO yang dipertajam dengan hasil analisis matrik Internal Eksternal dimana posisi perusahaan dalam pertumbuhan atau stabilitas. Strategi yang dapat dilaksanakan oleh PT. XYZ dalam meningkatkan penerapan ekolabel GAA-BAP di industri pengolahan udang hasil budidaya adalah (1) mengoptimalkan sumber daya manusia, panduan ekolabel, lokasi perusahaan dan jaringan pasar; (2) memanfaatkan lokasi dan jaringan pasar untuk meningkatkan pengadaan bahan baku produksi; (3) mempertahankan integritas kerja dan kualitas panduan ekolabel; dan (4) meningkatkan mutu produk GAABAP. Penelitian selanjutnya disarankan dapat menganalisis dan menyusun model panduan ekolabel di industri pengolahan udang disertai dengan klasifikasi persyaratan yang harus dipenuhi sehingga dapat menjadi referensi bagi industri skala kecil dan menengah yang belum menerapkan ekolabel perikanan.
English Abstract
One of the eco-labeling certifications for the shrimp processing industry is the Best Aquaculture Practices from the Global Aquaculture Alliance (GAA-BAP). Indonesia as one of the world's largest shrimp producers, has an interest in the application of GAA-BAP eco-labeling through regulatory support and encourages better improvements in the application of eco-labeling in the shrimp processing industry. The demands of international consumers for eco-labeling products and supported by Indonesia's considerable shrimp export potential and increasing national shrimp production, should be an opportunity for the shrimp processing industry in Indonesia which has implemented GAA-BAP eco-labeling certification. The shrimp processing industry players must have a strategy formulation that opportunities will be evident if the company's strength is used carefully and the company must be able to overcome weaknesses in order to avoid market threats to increase the application of eco-labeling certification to increase product marketing volume. This study aims (1) to examine regulations that support the application of GAA-BAP eco-labeling; (2) analyze the actual conditions in meeting GAA-BAP's eco-labeling requirements; and (3) formulating a strategy to improve the application of GAA-BAP eco-labeling in aquaculture shrimp processing industries. The study was conducted from February to April 2019. The research method used was descriptive method with a case study in the frozen shrimp processing industry, namely PT. XYZ Sidoarjo. The analytical method in reviewing the ecolabeling regulation GAA-BAP is an empirical juridical method. While the method of analyzing the actual conditions by means of conformity assessment at the case study location compared to the sub-clauses of the GAA-BAP eco-labeling requirements standard and preparation of recommendations for improvement. Formulation of improvement strategies in the application of GAA-BAP ecolabeling through the stages of identification, calculation and analysis of internal factors and external factors in the application of GAA-BAP eco-labeling at PT. XYZ by using IFE and EFE analysis and IE matrix analysis, then a SWOT analysis is carried out, namely the integration of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats using SWOT matrices and diagrams. The results of the study show that the shrimp processing industry has complied with and enforced applicable regulations in Indonesia and international regulations, especially the export destination countries. The results of the conformity assessment indicate that PT. XYZ has fulfilled 100% sub-clauses of ownership rights, 100% sub-clauses of quality management system, 75% subclauses of employee management, 100% sub-clauses of waste and environmental management, 93% sub-clauses of food safety management, 90% sub-clauses verification management, 100% sub-clauses of traceability system, and 96% have met additional requirements. Recommendations for improvements that must be made by the company in the implementation of GAA-BAP's current eco-labeling are to improve supervision of employee safety facilities, carry out training programs for handling hazardous chemicals, implement food defense procedures, carry out internal testing according to GAA-BAP requirements, conduct internal audits including audits social and environmental conditions, as well as ensuring that waste installations are in the best condition. The results of analysis through SWOT matrices and diagrams produce strategies that can be done by PT. XYZ in developing the application of GAA-BAP eco-labeling, namely the SO strategy that is sharpened by the results of Internal External matrix analysis where the company position in growth or stability. Strategies that can be implemented by PT. XYZ in increasing the application of GAA-BAP eco-labeling in shrimp processing industry are (1) optimizing human resources, eco-labeling guidance, company location and market network; (2) utilizing the location and market network to increase the procurement of raw materials for production; (3) maintaining work integrity and quality of eco-labeling guidelines; and (4) improving the quality of GAA-BAP products. Further research is suggested to be able to analyze and develop an eco-labeling guide model in the shrimp processing industry accompanied by a classification of requirements so that it can be a reference for small and medium scale industries that have not implemented fisheries eco-labeling.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Magister) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | TES/639.8/ARI/p/2018/041904239 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | GAA-BAP, ekolabel, industri pengolahan udang, SWOT,GAA-BAP, eco-labeling, shrimp processing industry, SWOT |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 639 Hunting, fishing & conservation > 639.8 Aquaculture |
| Divisions: | Program Pascasarjana > Magister Pengelolaan Lingkungan, Program Pascasarjana |
| Depositing User: | soegeng sugeng |
| Date Deposited: | 25 Aug 2022 02:44 |
| Last Modified: | 25 Aug 2022 02:44 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/193557 |
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