Aulia, Shifa Veronica and Prof. Dr. Ir. Ludji Pantja Astuti, M.S, M.S. and Dr. Akhmad Rizali,, S.P., M.Si. (2021) Aplikasi Fumigan Dan Uji Repelensi Ekstrak Rimpang Kunyit Terhadap Biologi Tribolium Castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae). Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Salah satu hama pascapanen yang menyerang bahan pangan dalam simpanan adalah Tribolium castaneum. Hama ini menyerang berbagai komoditas serealia penting, seperti jagung, sorgum, gandum, dan beras. Infestasi T. castaneum dapat menyebabkan kontaminasi dan kerugian ekonomi karena adanya penurunan kualitas dan kuantitas pakan. Upaya pengendalian hama T. castaneum menggunakan insektisida kimia menimbulkan permasalahan baru, seperti resistensi hama dan residu berbahaya pada bahan pangan. Cara lain sebagai alternatif yaitu menggunakan insektisida nabati yang ramah lingkungan. Salah satunya adalah ekstrak rimpang kunyit (Curcuma longa L.). Senyawa volatil yang terkandung dalam rimpang kunyit seperti ar-turmerone dan turmerone telah diketahui berperan aktif menghambat pertumbuhan serangga. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh aplikasi fumigan ekstrak rimpang kunyit terhadap biologi T. castaneum dan aktivitas repelen ekstrak rimpang kunyit terhadap imago T. castaneum. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Hama Tumbuhan, Jurusan Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Brawijaya pada bulan April–September 2021. Rerata suhu harian 27,70°C dan kelembapan harian 62,84%. Pelaksanaan penelitian terdiri dari dua percobaan penelitian, yaitu pengamatan biologi dan uji repelensi pada T. castaneum. Penelitian ini diatur menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri dari tiga tingkatan konsentrasi (perlakuan) dan kontrol (tanpa fumigan) yang diulang sebanyak lima kali. Konsentrasi yang digunakan yaitu 5,13 mL/L; 7,69 mL/L; dan 10,25 mL/L kemudian masing-masing dicampur dengan 4 g talk lalu dicetak menjadi bentuk tablet. Fumigan dimasukkan dalam kantung dan diletakkan di tabung kedap udara (V=195 mL). Pada pengamatan biologi, T. castaneum dipaparkan fumigan selama tujuh hari. Variabel pengamatan pada pengamatan biologi T. castaneum adalah mortalitas telur, larva, pupa jantan, pupa betina, imago, serta jumlah telur, penurunan penurunan jumlah, dan penilaian kualitas pakan. Uji repelensi menggunakan olfaktometer serangga yang dimodifikasi. Pengamatan persentase kehadiran imago di area kontrol dan area perlakuan dilakukan pada 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 jam setelah infestasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa fumigan ekstrak rimpang kunyit mampu menghambat biologi T. castaneum dengan menyebabkan mortalitas telur sebesar 100%, larva 50,67–98,00%, pupa jantan 98,67–100%, pupa betina 98– 100%, imago 8,00–100,00%, dan penurunan jumlah telur berkisar 95,36–99,59%. Hasil uji repelensi menunjukkan fumigan ekstrak rimpang kunyit memiliki sifat repelen yang baik pada imago T. castaneum dengan rerata indeks repelensi sebesar 31,17–59,00% dan termasuk tingkat repelensi sedang hingga agak kuat.
English Abstract
One of the pests that attack food in storage is Tribolium castaneum. This pest attacks various important commodities, such as corn, sorghum, wheat, and rice. T. castaneum infestation can cause contamination and economic loss due to a decrease in feed quality and quantity. Pest control of T. castaneum using chemical insecticides poses new problems, such as pest resistance and hazardous residues in food. Another way as an alternative is to use plant-based insecticides. One of them is turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) rhizome extract. Volatile compounds contained in turmeric rhizomes such as ar-turmerone and turmerone have been known to play an active role in inhibiting insect growth. This study was conducted to determine the effect of fumigant application of turmeric rhizome extract on the biological of T. castaneum and repellent activity of turmeric rhizome extract against T. castaneum adults. This research was conducted at the Plant Pests Laboratory, Department of Pests and Plant Diseases, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Brawijaya from April–September 2021. This research consisted of two research experiments, including biological observations and repellency tests on T. castaneum. This study was arranged using a completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of three concentration levels (treatment) and control (without fumigant) which was repeated five times. The concentration used is 5.13 mL/L, 7.69 mL/L, and 10.25 mL/L, each was mixed with 4 g of talc and then pressed into tablet form. The fumigant was placed in an airtight tube (V=195 mL). In biological observation, fumigant exposure was carried out for seven days. Variables observed in the biological observation of T. castaneum included egg mortality, larval, male pupa, female pupa, adult, number of eggs, number of egss reduction, and diet quality. The repellency test used a modified insect olfactometer. Observation of the percentage of adults in the control and treatment areas were carried out at 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 hours after infestation. The results showed that turmeric rhizome extract was able to inhibit the biological of T. castaneum by causing mortality of egg 100%, larvae 50.67– 98.00%, male pupae 98.67–100%, female pupae 98–100%, adults 8.00–100.00%, and number of eggs reduction ranged from 95.36–99.59%. The results of the repellency test showed that turmeric rhizome extract had good repellent properties in T. castaneum adults with a mean of the repellency index 31.17–59.00% and included in the medium to moderately strong repellency level
Other obstract
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| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | 0521040279 |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 632 Plant injuries, diseases, pests > 632.6 Animal pests |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Hama dan Penyakit Tanaman |
| Depositing User: | Nur Cholis |
| Date Deposited: | 01 Aug 2022 02:41 |
| Last Modified: | 01 Aug 2022 02:41 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/192908 |
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