Putri, Rosy Cahyagung Dewi Basuki and Prof. Dr. Ir. Abdul. Latief Abadi., MS (2021) Pengaruh Aplikasi Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (Pgpr) Terhadap Serangan Patogen Helminthosporium Turcicum Serta Pertumbuhan Tanaman Jagung Manis (Zea Mays Saccharata Surt). Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Jagung manis (Zea mays saccharata Surt) merupakan tanaman pangan terpenting kedua di Indonesia setelah padi. Kebutuhan akan ketersediaan jagung manis semakin tahun semakin meningkat dengan diikuti permintaan masyarakat. Namun dalam produksi tanaman jagung manis ini terjadi fluktuasi disetiap tahunnya. Terjadinya fluktuasi produksi tanaman jagung tersebut dapat disebabkan oleh Organisme Pengganggu Tanaman salah satunya yaitu penyakit hawar daun yang disebakan oleh jamur patogen Helminthosporium turcicium. Pengendalian penyakit hawar daun jagung masih bertumpu pada penggunaan fungisida sintesis namun belom memiliki dampak negatif baik pada lingkungan maupun kesehatan manusia. Salah satu alternatif pengganti adalah pengendalian secara hayati menggunakan Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR). Beberapa genus bakteri seperti bakteri Bacillus sp. dan genus Pseudomonas sp. diketahui berpotensi menjadi agens biokontrol. Peneletian ini dilakukan untuk menguji bakteri (B.subtilis, P.fluorences, dan UB19 (Pseudomonas sp.)) dalam bentuk tunggal konsorsium 2 bakteri dan konsorsium 3 bakteri dalam menekan serangan patogen Helminthosporium turcicum dan potensinya dalam meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman jagung manis (Zea mays saccharata Surt). Penelitian dilaksanakan mulai bulan Mei – Oktober 2021 bertempat di Rumah Kawat dan Laboratorium Penyakit Tanaman, Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Brawijaya Malang. Penelitian disusun dalam Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) yang terdiri atas 8 perlakuan. Masing – masing perlakuan diulang sebanyak 3 kali sehinga terdapat 24 unit percobaan. Setiap unit percobaan terdapat 5 tanaman sampel. Parameter pengamatan yang diamati adalah masa inkubasi, tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, intensitas serangan penyakit, bobot akar dan bobot brangkasan. Data yang telah diperoleh dianalisa lebih lanjut menggunakan analisi ragam ANOVA dan DMRT dengan taraf 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dalam perlakuan pemberian isolat tungal menunjukkan rerata masa inkubasi Helminthosporium turcicum paling tinggi yakni isolat tunggal bakteri Bacillus subtilis dan Pseudomonas fluorescens selama 9 hsi. Perlakuan konsorsium 3 bakteri yakni bakteri Bacillus subtilis +Pseudomonas fluorescens+ UB 19 (Pseudomonas sp.) menunjukkan aktivitas antagonis yang sangat baik dalam menekan penyakit yang disebabkan oleh jamur Helminthospororium turcicum. Bakteri UB 19 (Pseudomonas sp.) memiliki kemampuan dalam meningkatkan bobot brangkas tetapi tidak memberikan pengaruh pada bobot akar. Namun konsorsium bakteri (B.subtilis, P.fluorences, dan UB 19 (Pseudomonas sp.)) dalam pertumbuhan tanaman jagung manis yang ditunjukkan dengan hasil rata-rata tinggi tanaman, jumlah dan bobot akar yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan perlakuan lainnya
English Abstract
Sweet corn (Zea mays saccharata Surt) is the second most important food crop in Indonesia after rice. The availability of sweet corn is increasing every year followed by people demand. However, the production of sweet corn plants fluctuates every year. The occurrence of fluctuations in corn production can be caused by Plant Pest Organisms, such as leaf blight which is caused by the pathogenic fungus Helminthosporium turcicium. The control of corn leaf blight still relies on the use of synthetic fungicides but it did not have some negative impact on both environmental and human health. One of the alternative biological control is using the Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR). Several general of bacteria such as Bacillus sp. and the genus Pseudomonas sp. known to be potential biocontrol agents. This research was conducted to test bacteria (B.subtilis, P.fluorences, and UB 19 (Pseudomonas sp.)) in the form of a single consortium of 2 bacteria and a consortium of 3 bacteria in suppressing the attack of the pathogen Helminthosporium turcicum and its potential in increasing the growth of sweet corn (Zea mays saccharata Surt). The research was carried out from May – October 2021 which takes place in the greenhouse dan laboratory of plant disease at the Brawijaya University Malang. The study was arranged in a Randomized Block Design (RAK) which consisted of 8 treatments. Each treatment was repeated 3 times so that there were 24 experimental units. Each experimental unit contained 5 sample plants. Parameters observed were incubation period, plant height, number of leaves, intensity of disease attack, root weight and stover weight. The data that has been obtained were further analyzed using analysis of variance ANOVA and DMRT with a level of 5%. The results showed that the single isolate treatment have the highest average incubation period of Helminthosporium turcicum, namely the single isolate of Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas fluorescens bacteria for 9 day. The treatment of the consortium of 3 bacteria, namely Bacillus subtilis+Pseudomonas fluorescens+UB19 (Pseudomonas sp). showed an excellent antagonistic activity in suppressing diseases caused by the fungus Helminthospororium turcicum. Pseudomonas sp. had the ability to increase the plants fresh weight but had no effect on the roots fresh weight. However, the bacterial consortium (B. subtilis, P. fluorences, and UB 19 (Pseudomonas sp.)) in sweet corn plant growth was indicated by the higher average yield of plant height, number and weight of roots compared to other treatments.
Other obstract
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| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | 0521040273 |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 632 Plant injuries, diseases, pests > 632.6 Animal pests |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Hama dan Penyakit Tanaman |
| Depositing User: | Nur Cholis |
| Date Deposited: | 29 Jul 2022 06:45 |
| Last Modified: | 29 Jul 2022 06:45 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/192893 |
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