Eksplorasi Jamur Endofit Pada Tanaman Kacang Hijau (Vigna Radiata L.) Serta Uji Potensi Antagonismenya Terhadap Jamur Rhizoctonia Solani

Pratiwi, Dhelia Thessalonika and Luqman Qurata Aini, S.P., M.Si., PhD (2021) Eksplorasi Jamur Endofit Pada Tanaman Kacang Hijau (Vigna Radiata L.) Serta Uji Potensi Antagonismenya Terhadap Jamur Rhizoctonia Solani. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.

Abstract

Tanaman kacang hijau (Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek) merupakan salah satu tanaman yang penting dalam kehidupan masyarakat Indonesia. Rhizotonia solani Kuhn merupakan salah satu penyakit yang menyerang tanaman kacang hijau. Kehilangan hasil karena serangan penyakit ini pada tanaman kacang hijau dapat mencapai 42 - 90%. Pengendalian hayati dengan menggunakan Jamur endofit dapat menjadi salah satu solusi untuk mengatasi kerugian akibat serangan patogen dan juga dapat meminimalisir pennurunan kerusakan lingkungan akibat fungisida yang berlebihan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jamur endofit yang terdapat dalam jaringan daun, dan batang tanaman kacang hijau dan potensi jamur endofit dalam menghambat pertumbuhan jamur patogen R. solani. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Penyakit Tumbuhan, Jurusan Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan, Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, pada bulan Maret – Oktober 2021. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu eksplorasi dan uji antagonis jamur endofit dengan jamur patogen R. solani. Isolat jamur endofit tanaman kacang hijau didapatkan dari hasil isolasi mandiri di laboratorium. Isolat jamur dibiakkan pada media PDA (Potato Dextrose Agar). Setelah mendapatkan biakan murni jamur endofit diuji tingkat keefektifannya pada R. solani dengan mengguanakan uji antagonis. Analisis data yang digunakan yaitu analisis ragam (Anova) dan bila Anova menunjukkan hasil berbeda maka dilanjutkan dengan uji lanjut Duncan pada taraf 5%. Hasil isolasi jamur endofit dari akar, batang, dan daun tanaman kacang hijau didapatkan 36 isolat jamur endofit. Berdasarkan hasil uji antagonis didapatkan 11 isolat jamur dengan presentase diatas 60%, diantaranya Aspergillus sp P 1BA 79%, S2AK Tidak teridentifikasi 79%, Aspergillus sp Q1DA2 72%, Aspergillus sp S1AK 70%, Trichoderma sp P2AK2 70%, Aspergillus sp Q1DA 68%, Aspergillus sp S3BA 64%, Cephalosporium sp P1DA 63%, Fusarium sp. P5AK1 61 %, Aspergillus sp S1BA 60%, dan Cephalosporium sp P2BA 60%.

English Abstract

Mung bean (Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek) is one of the most important plants in the life of Indonesian people. Rhizotonia solani Kuhn is a disease that attacks mung bean plants. Yield losses due to this disease on mung bean plants can reach 42 - 90%. Biological control using endophytic fungi can be a solution to overcome losses due to pathogen attack and can also minimize environmental damage due to excessive fungicides. This study aims to determine the endophytic fungi found in the root, leaf and stem tissues of mung bean and the potential of endophytic fungi in inhibiting the growth of the pathogenic fungus R. solani. This research was carried out in the Plant Disease Laboratory, Department of Plant Pests and Diseases, Faculty of Agriculture, University Brawijaya, Malang, from March 2021 until October 2021. The research method used was exploration and testing of endophytic fungi antagonists with the pathogenic fungus R. solani. The endophytic fungi isolates from mung bean were obtained from the results of self-isolation in the laboratory. Fungal isolates were cultured on PDA (Potato Dextrose Agar) media. After obtaining pure cultures of endophytic fungi, their effectiveness was tested on R. solani by using the antagonist test. Analysis of the data used is analysis of variance (Anova) and if Anova shows different results, then it is continued with Duncan's further test at the 5% level. The results of the isolation of endophytic fungi from the roots, stems, and leaves of mung bean plants obtained 36 isolates of endophytic fungi. Based on the results of the antagonist test, there were 11 fungal isolates with a percentage above 60%, there were Aspergillus sp P 1BA 79%, S2AK Unidentified 79%, Aspergillus sp Q1DA2 72%, Aspergillus sp S1AK 70%, Trichoderma sp P2AK2 70%, Aspergillus sp Q1DA 68%, Aspergillus sp S3BA 64%, Cephalosporium sp P1DA 63%, Fusarium sp. P5AK1 61 %, Aspergillus sp S1BA 60%, and Cephalosporium sp P2BA 60%.

Other obstract

Item Type:	Thesis (Sarjana)
Identification Number:	0522040049
Subjects:	600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 632 Plant injuries, diseases, pests > 632.6 Animal pests
Divisions:	Fakultas Pertanian > Hama dan Penyakit Tanaman
Depositing User:	Nur Cholis
Date Deposited:	18 Jul 2022 07:18
Last Modified:	18 Jul 2022 07:18
URI:	http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/192210

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