Qureni, Aliffa and Luqman Qurata Aini, SP., M.Si., PhD. (2022) Kelimpahan Dan Keanekaragaman Bakteri Tanah Di Lahan Kubis Organik Dan Potensinya Sebagai Antagonis Xanthomonas Campestris. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Pertanian organik merupakan solusi dari food safety bagi masyarakat dan berkontribusi dalam implementasi pertanian berkelanjutan. Tanaman kubis menjadi salah satu komoditas yang umum dibudidayakan secara organik. Salah satu kendala budidaya kubis secara organik adalah serangan Xanthomonas campestris penyebab penyakit busuk hitam kubis. Pengendalian patogen penyakit perlu menggunakan cara yang ramah lingkungan agar produk tetap aman dan agroekosistem berkelanjutan. Pengaruh praktik budidaya jangka panjang pertanian organik terutama pada pertanaman kubis terhadap agroekosistem dengan indikator kelimpahan dan keanekaragaman bakteri tanah belum banyak diketahui. Hal tersebut menjadi dasar penelitian mengenai kelimpahan dan keanekaragaman bakteri tanah lahan organik pertanaman kubis dan potensinya sebagai antagonis X. campestris. Penelitian ini akan memberi informasi dasar tentang indikator kesehatan agroekosistem dan pengelolaan penyakit busuk hitam di lahan organik pertanaman kubis. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Oktober 2021 sampai Januari 2022 di Laboratorium Penyakit Tumbuhan, Departemen Hama Penyakit Tumbuhan, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Brawijaya. Sampel tanah diperoleh dari lahan organik Agro Techno Park Cangar dan lahan konvensional di Bukit Brakseng, Desa Sumberbrantas, Kecamatan Bumi Aji, Kota Batu. Penelitian meliputi penelusuran budidaya pertanaman kubis lahan organik dan konvensional melalui wawancara, pengambilan sampel tanah lahan organik dan konvensional, isolasi bakteri tanah dengan metode spread plate, seleksi isolat bakteri tanah yang bersifat antagonis terhadap X. campestris dengan metode pengkabutan, pengujian kemampuan antagonis isolat bakteri tanah organik terhadap patogen X. campestris, karakterisasi bakteri tanah yang bersifat antagonis terhadap patogen X. campestris sampai tingkat genus. Karakterisasi dilakukan secara morfologi, fisiologis, dan biokimia. Karakterisasi fisiologis dan biokimia terdiri dari uji hipersensitif, pewarnaan gram, uji KOH 3%, pewarnaan spora, uji katalase, uji oksidatif-fermentatif, pengamatan pigmen fluorescens dengan media King’s B, dan media selektif Yeast Dextrose CaCO3 (YDC). Data yang diperoleh dilakukan uji T sampel saling bebas dan analisis ragam apabila berbeda nyata dilakukan uji DMRT dengan taraf kesalahan 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa lahan kubis organik dan konvensional tidak mempengaruhi kelimpahan bakteri secara signifikan. Kelimpahan bakteri yang berpotensi sebagai antagonis X.campestris menunjukan hasil yang tidak signifikan. Lahan kubis organik memiliki keanekaragaman bakteri tanah dan bakteri yang bersifat antagonis lebih tinggi dibandingkan konvensional. Hasil seleksi didapatkan lima genus bakteri yang berpotensi antagonis yaitu Erwinia, Pantoea, Xanthomonas, Clostridium, dan Lactobacillus. Isolat TO 9 dan TO 10 memiliki potensi antagonis terbaik. TO 9 merupakan genus Clostridium dan TO 10 merupakan genus Pantoea.
English Abstract
Organic farming is a solution for food safety for the community and contributes to the implementation of sustainable agriculture. Cabbage is one of the commodities that are commonly cultivated organically. One of the obstacles to organic cabbage cultivation is the attack of Xanthomonas campestris which causes black rot of cabbage. Control of diswase pathogens needs to use environmentally friendly methods so that the product remains safe and the agro-ecosystem is sustainable. The effect of long term cultivation practices of organic farming, especially cabbage cultivation on agro-ecosystems with indicators of abundance and diversity of soil bacteria is not widely known. This has become the basis for research on the abundance and diversity of soil bacteri in organic cabbage cultivation and their potential as X. campestris antagonist. This research was expected to be useful to provide basic information about agroecosystem health indicators and black rot disease management in organic cabbage cultivation. The research was carried out from October 2021 to January 2022 at the Plant Disease Laboratory, Departement of Plant Pests and Diseases, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Brawijaya. Soil samples were obtained from the organic land from Agro Techno Park Cangar and the conventional land of the surrounding farmers. The research included tracing the cultivation of organic and conventional land cabbage through interviews, taking organic and conventional soil samples, isolation of soil bacteria using spread plate method, selection of soil bacterial that were antagonistic to X. campestris by spray mesthod, testing the antagonistic abilitiy of organic soil bacterial isolates to X. campestris, characterication of soil bacteri that are antagonstic to the pathogen X. campestris to genus level. Characterization was carried out morphology, physiologically, and biochemically. Physiological and biochemical characterization consisted of hypersensitivity test, gram staining, 3% KOH test, spore staining, catalase test, oxidative-fermentative test, fluorescence pigment observation with King’s B medium, and Yeast Dextrose CaCO3 (YDC) selective media. The data obtained were analyzed for independent sample T test and variance if significantly different if followed by DMRT test at 5% error level. The results showed that organic and conventional cabbage fields didn’t significantly affect the abundance of bacteria. The abundance of bacteria that have the potential as antagonists of X. campestris showed insignificant result. Organic cabbage fields have higher diversity of soil bacteri and antagonistic bacteri than conventional. The selection results obtained five genera of bacteria that have the potential to be antagonistic, namely Erwinia, Pantoea, Xanthomonas, Clostridium, and Lactobacillus. TO 9 and TO 10 isolates had the best antagonist potency. TO 9 is a genus of Clostridium and TO 10 is a genus of Pantoea.
Other obstract
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| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | 0522040031 |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 632 Plant injuries, diseases, pests > 632.6 Animal pests |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Hama dan Penyakit Tanaman |
| Depositing User: | Nur Cholis |
| Date Deposited: | 18 Jul 2022 03:26 |
| Last Modified: | 18 Jul 2022 03:26 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/192167 |
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