Anjaini, Jefri (2018) Karakteristik Molekuler Gen Molting Inhibitor Hormone, Histopatologi Dan Identifikasi Fitoplankton Padatambak Udang Vaname (Litopenaeus Vannamei) Yang Terinfeksi White Feces Disease. Magister thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Direktorat Jendral Perikanan Budidaya (2016) melaporkan bahwa capaian produksi udang vaname meningkat hingga 100,83%. Target produksi udang nasional pada tahun 2018 menurut KKP (2018), ditargetkan mencapai 800 ribu ton. Udang vaname (L. vannamei) adalah udang alternatif selain udang windu (P. monodon) yang dapat dibudidayakan secara intensif. Permasalahan yang muncul pada komoditas budidaya udang vaname adalah penyakit berak putih (White Feces Disease). Serangan penyakit ini diawali dengan menurunnya kualitas lingkungan budidaya serta keluar berak putih. Tanda klinis lainnya yaitu lepasnya kulit luar udang (eksoskeleton) dan infestasi epibiosis dari protozoa gregarine dan perubahan warna perairan menjadi hijau biru. Salah satu gen pertumbuhan adalah Molting Inhibitor Hormone (MIH). Udang yang terinfeksi WFD proses pertumbuhan terhambat (cangkang keropos dan lembek) hal tersebut dikarenakan banyak faktor (lingkungan/kualitas air, bakteri, gregarine, blue green algae). Sehingga penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan informasi genetiK gen molting inhibitor hormone, identifikasi protozoa gregarin melalui histopatologi dan identifikasi fitoplankton penyebab blue green algae pada tambak udang yang terinfeksi White feces disease (WFD). Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif berdasarkan kajian molekuler. Penelitian ini dilakukan dalam 2 tahapan. Tahap pertama adalah penentuan lokasi pengambilan sampel, pengambilan sampel udang vaname, pengamatan gejala klinis lapang, pengukuran kualitas air (pH, suhu, oksigen terlarut), histopatologi pada udang yang terinfeksi WFD dan pengamatan fitoplankton. Tahap dua yaitu uji laboratorium gen MIH dengan menggunakan PCR dan analisa sekuensing DNA. Penelitian ini nantinya akan menyajikan gambaran tentang gen MIH udang vaname yang terinfeksi White feces disease dan Udang yang tidak terinfeksi (udang sehat) secara terperinci dan dibandingkan dengan literatur yang ada tentang gen MIH dari udang vaname. Hasil yang didapat dari penelitian ini adalah analisis BLAST dari sampel udang vaname normal dan terinfeksi white feces disease pada lokasi tambak yang berbeda (Lamongan, Situbondo dan Tuban) menunjukan bahwa sampel terindentifikasi sebagai Gen MIH pada Udang Vaname dengan nilai Query cover 95-99%, nilai identity 99-100 dan e-value 0.0. panjang basepair gen MIH antara 264-288. Ditemukan perbedaan variasi genetik pada udang vaname yang terinfeksi WFD dibandingankan dengan udang normal (tidak terinfeksi WFD), terjadinya variasi genetik salah satunya disebabkan oleh mutasi genetik. Ditemukan protozoa gregarine pada hasil histopatologi insang, hepatopankreas dan usus serta ditemukan agragated transformed microvilli (ATM) yang menyerupai gregarine pada udang vaname yang terinfeksi WFD dan ditemukan jenis plankton (Cyanophyceae dan Chrysophyta) yang berbahaya bagi lingkungan budidaya tambak udang vaname dan mengindikasikan perairan tercemar
English Abstract
Direktorat Jenderal Perikanan Budidaya (2016) reported that the output of white shrimp (L. vannamei) production increased to 100.83%. The national shrimp production target in 2018 according to KKP (2018) is targeted to reach 800 thousand tons. White shrimp (L. vannamei) is an alternative shrimp besides tiger shrimp (P. monodon) which can be cultivated intensively. The problems that arise in white shrimp farming commodities are white feces disease. The attack of this disease begins with a decrease in the quality of the aquaculture environment and white defecation. Other clinical signs are the release of the outer shell of the shrimp (exoskeleton) and epibiosis infestation of the gregarine protozoa and changes in the color of the water to blue green. One of the growth genes is Molting Inhibitor Hormone (MIH). Shrimp infected with WFD are stunted (porous and mushy shells) due to many factors (environment/water quality, bacteria, gregarine, blue green algae). This study aims to obtain information on the genetic of the molting inhibitor hormone gene, identification of gregarine protozoa through histopathology and identification of phytoplankton causing blue green algae in shrimp farms infected with white feces disease (WFD). This study uses descriptive methods based on molecular studies. This research was conducted in 2 stages. The first stage was determining the location of sampling, sampling white shrimp, observing field clinical symptoms, measuring water quality (pH, temperature, dissolved oxygen), histopathology in WFD-infected shrimp and phytoplankton observation. Stage two is the molecular laboratory test of the MIH gene using PCR and DNA sequencing analysis. This study will present an overview of the white shrimp MIH gene that is infected with White disease and uninfected shrimp (healthy shrimp) in detail and compared with existing literature on MIH genes from white shrimp. The results obtained from this study are BLAST analysis of samples of normal white shrimp and infected white feces disease at different pond locations (Lamongan, Situbondo and Tuban) showing that the samples are identified as MIH Genes on white shrimp with a Query cover value of 95-99%, identity values 99-100 and e-value 0.0. the base pair of the MIH gene between 264-288. It was found that differences in genetic variation in white shrimp infected with WFD were compared with normal shrimp (not infected with WFD), the genetic variation of which was caused by genetic mutations. Gregarine protozoa were found on the histopathology of the gill, hepathopancreas and intestine and found agragate transformed microvilli (ATM) that resembled gregarine in white shrimp infected with WFD and found phytoplankton (Cyanophyceae and Chrysophyta) which were dangerous for the white shrimp ponds and indicated polluted waters.
Other obstract
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| Item Type: | Thesis (Magister) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | TES/639.68/ANJ/k/2019/041901948 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Gen Molting Inhibitor Hormone,Udang Vaname (Litopenaeus Vannamei) |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 639 Hunting, fishing & conservation > 639.6 Crustacean culture > 639.68 Shrimps culture |
| Divisions: | S2/S3 > Magister Budidaya Perairan, Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan |
| Depositing User: | Endang Susworini |
| Date Deposited: | 24 Jun 2022 07:26 |
| Last Modified: | 24 Jun 2022 07:26 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/191310 |
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