Putri, Farah Abhista and Rika Kurniaty, S.H. MA., Ph.D. and Ikaningtyas, S.H., LL.M. (2021) Urgensi Ratifikasi International Labour Organization Work in Fishing Convention No.188 Tahun 2007 dalam Upaya Perlindungan ABK WNI (Studi kasus ABK WNI di Kapal Long Xing 629 China). Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Skripsi ini membahas mengenai urgensi dilakukannya ratifikasi dari “International Labour Organisation Convention No. 188 Tahun 2007” berdasarkan kasus yang terjadi di kapal penangkap ikan milik China (Long Xing 629). ILO Convention Nomor 188 (2007) merupakan pengaturan khusus yang dibentuk oleh ILO dengan tujuan untuk memastikan bahwa awak kapal mendapatkan perlindungan secara maksimal serta mendapatkan kondisi kerja yang layak selama bekerja di kapal penangkap ikan. Keterlambatan pemberian upah, penyiksaan dan/atau kekerasan, overworked, lingkungan kerja yang buruk, hingga kematian merupakan beberapa contoh pelanggaran yang terjadi kepada para ABK WNI di kapal Long Xing 629 China. Pelanggaran-pelanggaran tersebut tidak sesuai dan berlawanan dengan ketentuan dalam Hukum Internasional. Belum sesuainya substansi khusus mengenai perlindungan ABK kapal penangkap ikan dalam regulasi yang sudah ada menyebabkan masih kurang maksimalnya pengaturan mengenai perlindungan para ABK kapal perikanan baik di China maupun di Indonesia, dan belum dilakukannya ratifikasi ILO Convention Nomor 188 (2007) oleh kedua negara terkait juga berperan dalam timbulnya permasalahan dan kasus ini. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, terdapat dua fokus rumusan masalah yang dibahas serta dituliskan dalam skripsi ini, yaitu: (1) Bagaimana kesesuaian pengaturan perlindungan hukum bagi ABK Perikanan di China dan Indonesia dengan ILO Convention Nomor 188 (2007)? (2) Apakah yang menjadi urgensi dilakukannya ratifikasi ILO Convention Nomor 188 (2007)tentang Working in Fishing bagi Indonesia? Penelitian ini menggunakan metode yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan (statute approach ), pendekatan konseptual (conceptual approach ), pendekatan kasus (case approach), dan pendekatan komparatif (comparative approach ). Bahan hukum yang digunakan adalah bahan hukum primer, sekunder, dan tersier. Ketiga bahan hukum tersebut dianalisis dengan metode penafsiran sistematis, metode penafsiran gramatikal, serta metode penafsiran komparatif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pengaturan hukum mengenai perlindungan bagi ABK WNI di China dan Indonesia masih belum sesuai dengan standar pengaturan ILO Convention Nomor 188 (2007) dimana masih terdapat beberapa substansi pengaturan yang belum lengkap dan/atau belum mampu digunakan untuk menangani permasalahan permasalahan yang ada pada kasus Kapal Long Xing 629 China. Ratifikasi daripada ILO Convention Nomor 188 (2007) merupakan upaya untuk mengoptimalkan perlindungan hukum bagi ABK pada sektor perikanan berdasarkan standar dan dalam skala internasional, dengan harapan hal tersebut dapat menurunkan angka kemungkinan terjadinya kasus pelanggaran hak asasi manusia terhadap para ABK Perikanan, khususnya ABK WNI.
English Abstract
This thesis discussed about urgencies to ratify the “International Labour Organisation Work in Fishing Convention 2007 (No.188)” based on China's fishing vessels (Long Xing 629). ILO “Work in Fishing Convention 2007 (No.188)” is a convention established by the ILO to ensure that every fishing vessel worker has access to decent working and living conditions. Tardiness of wages payment, torture and/or violence, overwork, poor working and living environment, and even death are some examples of violations that occur to some Indonesian Fishing Vessels Workers in China's Long Xing 629 Vessel. Based on the provisions of the international law, these kinds of actions are prohibited because it is contrary to some clauses from several International conventions and International Law. The fact that there are some absences of specific clauses in the related regulations regarding the protection of the fishing vessels workers has caused a discrepancy in several substances in China and Indonesia. Besides, the fact that both countries have not ratified the “ILO Work in Fishing Convention 2007 (No.188)” also contributes to the emergence of these problems and cases. Based on the explanation of the incident above, the author raises two main problems for this thesis: (1) How is the compatibility of the regulations protecting the fishing vessel's crew members in China and Indonesia with the International Labour Organisation Work in Fishing Convention 2007 (No.188)? (2) What is the urgency to ratify International Labour Organisation Work in Fishing Convention 2007 (No.188) for Indonesia? The writing of this thesis uses a normative juridical method with the statute, conceptual, case, and comparative approaches. The legal materials used in this thesis are primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials. Those three legal materials will be analyzed with systematic, grammatical, and comparative interpretation methods. Results show that the regulation related to the protection of Indonesian fishing vessel workers both in China and Indonesia has not fulfilled the international protection standard that has been set by ILO on the ILO Work in Fishing Convention 2007 (No.188). Also, the fact that both countries still cannot resolve the human rights-related problems that happened in Long Xing 629 Vessel was caused by the fact that there is only a few or even no national regulation or law that is specifically and entirely regulated about the protections for fishing vessel workers in both countries yet. The “ILO Work in Fishing Convention 2007 (No.188)” ratification can be considered as one of the attempts and efforts to maximize the legal protection for fishing vessel workers based on International scale and standard by any countries. By ratifying the “ILO Work in Fishing Convention 2007 (No.188)”, the number of human rights violation cases that arise towards the fishing vessel workers, especially Indonesian fishing vessel workers, is expected to decrease.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | 0521010122 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | - |
| Subjects: | 300 Social sciences > 340 Law |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Hukum > Ilmu Hukum |
| Depositing User: | Budi Wahyono Wahyono |
| Date Deposited: | 17 May 2022 02:03 |
| Last Modified: | 17 May 2022 02:03 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/190481 |
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