Damayanti, Almadiffa Azarine and Dr. Yuni Kilawati,, S. Pi, M. Si (2021) Pengaruh Penggunaan Biomassa Chlorella vulgaris Sebagai Adsorben Cr (Studi Kasus Sungai Metro, Malang). Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Pencemaran logam berat di Indonesia terjadi dikarenakan meningkatnya proses industrialisasi. Pencemaran logam berat yang terjadi di suatu lingkungan dapat menimbulkan bahaya bagi kesehatan manusia, hewan, tanaman, dan lingkungan. Kromium merupakan salah satu logam yang masuk ke dalam golongan transisi dan memiliki ciri-ciri diantaranya yaitu mempunyai spesifikasi graviti yang sangat besar (>4), mempunyai nomor atom 22-34, dan mempunyai respon biokimia spesifik pada organisme hidup. Kromium adalah salah satu logam berat yang dapat berpotensi sebagai agen pencemar di perairan. Metode alternatif ramah lingkungan yang dapat digunakan untuk mengurangi penyebaran konsentrasi logam berat di perairan yaitu biosorpsi. Biosorpsi dapat dilakukan dengan menggunakan mikroalga sebagai adsorbennya. Salah satu mikroalga yang dapat digunakan dalam proses biosorpsi yaitu Chlorella vulgaris. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Februari hingga Juni 2021, pengambilan sampel air dilakukan di Sungai Metro, Malang, sedangkan pengujian serta analisis data dilaksanakan di Labroratorium Hidrobiologi Divisi Lingkungan & Bioteknologi Perairan, Fakultas perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan, Universitas Brawijaya, pengujian konsentrasi Cr dilakukan di Laboratorium Kimia, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengertahuan Alam, Universitas Negeri Malang. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode eksperimental, dan desain penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap faktorial (RAL faktorial). Penelitian ini terdiri dari 2 faktor perlakuan, yaitu 4 perlakuan massa dan 3 perlakuan waktu pengadukan sehingga terdapat 36 unit percobaan. Analisis yang digunakan berupa uji analisis statistik two way ANOVA. Pengamatan faktor lingkungan yang dilakukan selama proses adsorpsi berjalan didapatkan bahwa pada perubahan parameter suhu diperoleh dengan kisaran 25,07-28,57⁰C dan dipengaruhi secara nyata oleh interaksi kedua faktor. Pengamatan parameter pH diperoleh nilai rata-rata yang berkisar 6,27-8,07, perubahan nilai pH dipengaruhi oleh faktor perlakuan variasi massa Chlorella vulgaris. Nilai rata-rata total Cr setelah melalui proses adsorpsi berkisar antara 0,00413-0,05363 mg/l, dimana nilai rata-rata tertinggi diperoleh pada perlakuan variasi massa 0,4 gr dan waktu pengadukan 30 menit. Nilai rata-rata efektivitas penurunan Cr yang diperoleh selama proses adsorpsi dengan perlakuan variasi massa Chlorella vulgaris dan waktu pengadukan berkisar antara 2,19-28,45%, dan diperoleh bahwa perlakuan massa 0,4 gram dan perlakuan waktu 30 menit merupakan variasi perlakuan yang paling efektif dalam menurunkan logam Cr dengan menggunakan biomassa kering Chlorella vulgaris sebagai biosorbennya. Hasil perhitungan kapasitas adsorpsi, nilai rata-rata kapasitas adsorpsi selama penelitian berkisar antara 0,00078-0,0134 mg/gr. Kapasitas adsorpsi akan menurun seiring dengan meningkatnya jumlah adsorben dan lama waktu pengadukan. Pada penelitian ini mekanisme adsorpsi cenderung mengarah ke model isoterm Freundlich, dimana nilai R2 pada isoterm freundlich yang diperoleh sebesar 0,9684 dan menunjukkan nilai R2 pada isoterm freundlich lebih besar serta mendekati nilai 1 dibandingkan dengan nilai R2 pada isoterm langmuir
English Abstract
Heavy metal pollution in Indonesia occurs as a result of the industrialization process. Heavy metal pollution that occurs in an environment can pose a danger to the health of humans, animals, plants, and the environment. Chromium is a metal that belongs to the transition group and has characteristics such as having very large specifications (>4), having an atomic number of 22-34, and having a specific response to living organisms. Chromium is one of the heavy metals that can be a pollutant agent in waters. An alternative environmentally friendly method that can be used to reduce the concentration of heavy metals in waters is biosorption. Biosorption can be done by using microalgae as the adsorbent. One of the microalgae that can be used in the biosorption process is Chlorella vulgaris. The research was carried out from February to June 2021, water sampling was carried out in the Metro River, Malang, while testing and data analysis was carried out at the Hydrobiology Laboratory, Division of Aquatic Environment & Biotechnology, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Universitas Brawijaya, the concentration of Cr analyzed at the Chemistry Laboratory, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, State University of Malang. The method used in this study is an experimental method and the research design used is a factorial completely randomized design (CRD factorial). This study consisted of 2 treatment factors, namely 4 mass treatments and 3 stirring time treatments so that there were 36 experimental units. The analysis used is a two way ANOVA statistical analysis test. Observations of environmental factors were carried out during the adsorption process, it was found that the change in temperature parameters was obtained in the range of 25.07-28.57⁰C and was significantly affected by the interaction of the two factors. Observation of pH parameters obtained an average value ranging from 6.27-8.07, changes in pH value were influenced by the treatment factor of Chlorella vulgaris mass variation. The average value of total Cr after going through the adsorption process ranged from 0.00413-0.05363 mg/l, where the highest average value was obtained in the treatment with a mass variation of 0.4 g and a stirring time of 30 minutes. The average value of the effectiveness of reducing Cr obtained during the adsorption process with the mass variation treatment of Chlorella vulgaris and stirring time ranged from 2.19- 28.45%, and it was found that the treatment with a mass of 0.4 grams and a treatment time of 30 minutes was the most effective treatment variation in reducing Cr metal using dry biomass of Chlorella vulgaris as the biosorbent. The results of the calculation of adsorption capacity, the average value of adsorption capacity during the study ranged from 0.00078-0.0134 mg/gr. The adsorption capacity will decrease as the amount of adsorbent increases and the stirring time increases. In this study, the adsorption mechanism tends to lead to the Freundlich isotherm model, where the R2 value for the Freundlich isotherm obtained is 0.9684 and shows the R2 value for the Freundlich isotherm is greater and close to 1 value compared to the R2 value for the Langmuir isotherm.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | 0521080110 |
| Subjects: | 300 Social sciences > 333 Economics of land and energy > 333.9 Other natural resources > 333.95 Biological resources > 333.956 Fishes |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan > Manajemen Sumberdaya Perairan |
| Depositing User: | soegeng sugeng |
| Date Deposited: | 21 Jan 2022 06:27 |
| Last Modified: | 22 Feb 2022 08:20 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/188640 |
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