Permana, Husna Ghany (2020) Mekanisme Antagonisme Dan Daya Hambat Beberapa Isolat Jamur Antagonis Terhadap Pertumbuhan Jamur Patogen Fusarium moniliforme Penyebab Penyakit Pokahbung. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Tanaman Tebu (Saccharum officinarum L.) merupakan salah satu komoditas yang biasa dibudidayakan di Indonesia sebagai tanaman penghasil gula. Salah satu penyakit yang banyak menyerang pada Tanaman Tebu adalah Jamur F. moniliforme yang dapat menyebabkan Penyakit Pokahbung. Dalam upaya mengendalikan penyakit pada tanaman, petani konvensional di Indonesia masih banyak yang menggunakan bahan kimia seperti pestisida maupun fungisida sintetis. Dalam pengaplikasiannya seringkali bahan kimia tersebut diaplikasikan tidak sesuai dosis dan masih dilakukan secara intensif sehingga memicu kerusakan lingkungan. Salah satu upaya yang bisa dilakukan adalah dengan menggunakan jamur antagonis yang dapat menghambat pertumbuhan jamur patogen dan memiliki berbagai macam mekanisme antagonisme. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengamati berbagai macam daya hambat dan mekanisme antagonisme jamur antagonis dalam menghambat pertumbuhan jamur patogen F. moniliforme. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada pada Bulan Desember 2019 hingga Bulan Juni 2020 di Laboratorium Penyakit Tumbuhan 3, Jurusan Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan, Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Brawijaya, Kabupaten Malang, Provinsi Jawa Timur. Penelitian disusun menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 9 perlakuan dan menggunakan 3 kali ulangan. Penelitian dilakukan secara In Vitro dengan metode biakan ganda (Dual Culture). Isolat jamur antagonis diperoleh dari penelitian milik Hikmal Hakimi dan Annisa Hurrin Ain, sedangkan isolat jamur patogen diisolasi dari tanaman tebu yang diperoleh dari Lahan Percobaan UB Jatikerto, Malang. Data dianalisis menggunakan Analysis of variance (ANOVA) taraf 5% dan diuji Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) taraf 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa dari kesembilan isolat jamur antagonis yang diujikan dengan metode biakan ganda, terdapat empat jamur antagonis yang memiliki daya hambat paling tinggi (>80%) yakni isolat U2S3P5 (81%), EA B (82%), U2S3P3 I (94%), dan EA E (97%) setelah 7 hsi. Semakin tinggi daya hambat yang dimiliki jamur antagonis, maka semakin efektif juga jamur tersebut dalam menghambat pertumbuhan jamur patogen. Berdasarkan pengamatan mekanisme antagonisme secara makroskopis, hampir keseluruhan isolat jamur antagonis memiliki mekanisme kompetisi atas nutrisi dan ruang tumbuh terhadap pertumbuhan jamur F.moniliforme. Terlihat dari pertumbuhan jamur antagonis yang tumbuh mendominasi. Selain mekanisme kompetisi, diduga terdapat juga mekanisme parasitisme pada beberapa jamur antagonis yang ditandai dengan adanya singgungan atau pertumbuhan miselium jamur antagonis pada jamur patogen. Ditinjau dari daya hambat dan mekanisme antagonismenya, maka terdapat beberapa isolat jamur antagonis yang dapat dikatakan efektif sebagai agens hayati dalam upaya menghambat pertumbuhan jamur F. moniliforme.
English Abstract
Sugarcane plant (Saccharum officinarum L.) is one of the commodities commonly cultivated in Indonesia as a sugar-producing plant. One of the diseases that often attacks on the Sugar Cane Plant is F. moniliforme which can cause Pokahbung disease. In an effort to control diseases in plants, conventional farmers in Indonesia still use chemicals such as synthetic fungicides. In its application, these chemicals are often applied not according to the dosage and are still being done intensively so that it lead to environmental damage. One effort that can be done is to use antagonistic fungi that can inhibit the growth of pathogenic fungi and have a variety of antagonistic mechanisms. This study aims to observe various types of inhibitory and antagonistic mechanisms of antagonistic fungi in inhibiting the growth of F. moniliforme pathogenic fungi. This research was conducted in December 2019 to June 2020 in the Plant Disease Laboratory 3, Department of Pests and Plant Diseases, Faculty of Agriculture, Brawijaya University, Malang, East Java Province. The study was arranged using a Completely Randomized Design with 9 treatments and used 3 replications. The study was conducted in vitro with the dual culture method. Antagonistic fungi isolates were obtained from research belonging to Department of Pests and Plant Diseases’s collection, while pathogenic fungi isolates were isolated from sugarcane obtained from the UB Jatikerto Experiment Field, Malang. Data were analyzed using Analysis of variance (ANOVA) of 5% and Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) of 5%. The results showed that of the nine antagonistic fungi isolates tested by the dual culture method, there were four antagonistic fungi that had the highest inhibitory power (> 80%), namely U2S3P5 isolates (81%), EA B (82%), U2S3P3 I (94%) %), and EA E (97%) after 7 days inoculated. The higher the inhibitory power of antagonistic fungi, the more effective the fungus was in inhibiting the growth of pathogenic fungi. Based on macroscopic observations of antagonistic mechanisms, almost all antagonistic fungi isolates have competition mechanisms for nutrition and growth space on the growth of F. moniliforme. It can be seen from the growth of antagonistic fungus that grow to dominate. In addition to the competition mechanism, it is suspected that there is also a parasitic mechanism (hyperparasitism) in some antagonistic fungi characterized by the presence or contact of mycelial fungal mycelium on pathogenic fungi. Judging from the inhibitory and antagonistic mechanism, there were several isolates of antagonistic fungi that can be effective as biological agents in an effort to inhibit the growth of F. moniliforme.
Other obstract
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| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | 0520040012 |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 633 Field and plantation crops > 633.6 Sugar, syrup, starch crop > 633.61 Sugarcane > 633.619 Sugarcane (Injuries, diseases, pests) > 633.619 4 Sugarcane (Fungus diseases) |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Hama dan Penyakit Tanaman |
| Depositing User: | Nur Cholis |
| Date Deposited: | 01 Feb 2021 15:08 |
| Last Modified: | 17 Apr 2023 06:35 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/182316 |
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