Effendie, Puspamega Yulisnaini (2020) Pengaruh Jumlah Lapisan dan Jarak Anyaman Biogeotekstil Mendong (Fimbristylis globulosa) Terhadap Efektivitas Mengontrol Erosi Tanah. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Usaha tani pada kawasan pegunungan yang tidak memperhatikan kaidah konservasi tanah merupakan penyebab utama terjadinya erosi. Erosi memiliki dampak buruk baik di tempat kejadian erosi (on site) maupun diluar tempat kejadian erosi (off site). Salah satu cara yang dapat digunakan untuk mengendalikan erosi tanah yakni dengan teknologi mulsa. Mulsa dapat meredam energi hujan sehingga tidak merusak kemantapan strukur tanah. Mulsa yang banyak dimanfaatkan adalah mulsa plastik, namun mulsa plastik memiliki beberapa kekurangan misalnya tidak permeable dan tidak ramah lingkungan adapun alternatif pengganti mulsa adalah biogeotekstil. Biogeotekstil merupakan salah satu jenis geosintetik yang terbuat dari bahan organik, lolos air, dan dapat terdegradasi yang dibuat dengan proses seperti tekstil. Biogeotekstil dapat dibuat dari tanaman mendong. Selama ini pemanfaatan mendong masih kurang maksimal karena hanya sebagai tikar dan kerajinan yang sudah tergusur oleh bahan yang berasal dari bahan tambang seperti plastik, sehingga pemanfaatan mendong menjadi bahan baku biogeotekstil menjadi peluang dan perlu dikembangkan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui bagaimana pengaruh jumlah lapisan dan jarak anyaman biogeotekstil mendong dalam mengontrol erosi tanah serta bagaimana perlakuan terbaik dan paling efektif bigeotekstil mendong dalam mengontrol erosi tanah Metode yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) Faktorial. Rancangan ini terdiri dari dua faktor yakni jumlah lapisan terdiri dari 3 level (1 lapis, 2 lapis, 3 lapis) dan jarak anyam terdiri dari 4 level (0,5 cm, 1 cm. 1,5 cm, dan 2 cm). Variabel respon yang digunakan yakni ketebalan, berat biogeotekstil saat basah, water holding capacity, sediment yield, dan runoff. Penentuan perlakuan terbaik menggunakan metode multiple attribute. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa biogeotekstil mendong 1 lapis dengan jarak anyam 0,5 cm merupakan perlakuan terbaik dan paling efektif dalam mengontrol erosi tanah. Biogeotekstil mendong 1 lapis dengan jarak anyam 0,5 cm memiliki ketebalan 1,47 mm, water holding capacity 463,56%, persentase pertambahan berat dalam keadaan basah sebesar 161,11%. Biogeotekstil mendong terbukti sangat efektif dalam mengurangi kehilangan tanah akibat erosi, tanah yang hilang hanya sebesar 2,41 g dan niai runoff sebesar 1,60 l/min. Dibandingkan dengan tanah tanpa perlakuan biogeotekstil terbukti biogeotekstil mendong perlakuan terbaik dapat mengurangi jumlah tanah yang hilang akibat erosi hingga 98,6%
English Abstract
Farming in mountainous areas that is not in accordance with the rules of soil conservation is the main cause of erosion. Erosion has damaging impacts both on the erosion site (on site) and outside the erosion site (off site). One method that can be used to control soil erosion is mulch technology. Mulch can reduce rain energy so that it does not damage the stability of the soil structure. Mulch that is widely used is plastic mulch, but it has several disadvantages, for example, it is not permeable and is not environmentally friendly. Thus, an alternative to mulch is biogeotextile. Biogeotextile is a type of geosynthetic made from organic material, permeable, and can be degraded by processes done to textiles. Biogeotextiles can be made from mendong plant. The utilization of mendong is so far still not optimal because it is only used as mats and crafts that have been displaced by materials derived from mining materials, such as plastics, so the use of mendong as raw material for biogeotextiles is an opportunity and needs to be developed. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of the number of layers and weaving spacing of biogeotextile in controlling soil erosion and the best and most effective treatment of mendong bigeotextile in controlling soil erosion. The method used was Factorial Randomized Block Design (RBD) Consists of two factors, which were the number of layers consisting of 3 levels (1 layer, 2 layers, 3 layers) and weaving spacing consisting of 4 levels (0.5 cm, 1 cm, 1.5 cm, and 2 cm). The response variables used were thickness, biogeotextile weight in wet conditions, water holding capacity, sediment yield, and runoff. The determination of the best treatment used the multiple attribute method. Based on the results of the study, it is obtained that mendong biogeotextile with 1 layer and 0.5 cm weaving spacing is the best and most effective treatment in controlling soil erosion. Mendong biogeotextile with 1 layer and 0.5 cm weaving spacing has a thickness of 1.47 mm, water holding capacity of 463.56%, weight gain percentage in wet conditions of 161.11%. The mendong biogeotextile has proven to be very effective in reducing soil loss due to erosion, in which the soil loss is only 2.41 g and runoff value is 1.60 l/min. Compared to the soil without biogeotextile treatment, it is proven that mendong biogeotextile with the best treatment can reduce the amount of soil loss due to erosion up to 98.6%.
Other obstract
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| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FTP/2020/44/052002916 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | biogeotekstil, erosi, mendong, water holding capacity, biogeotextile, erosion, mendong, water holding capacity |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 628 Sanitary engineering > 628.1 Water supply > 628.16 Testing analysis, treatment, pollution countermeasures |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian > Teknologi Industri Pertanian |
| Depositing User: | Budi Wahyono Wahyono |
| Date Deposited: | 13 Aug 2020 04:26 |
| Last Modified: | 11 Apr 2023 02:01 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/181275 |
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