Pengaruh Iradiasi Gama Terhadap Pertumbuhan Bakteri Escherichia Coli Dan Salmonella

Larasati, Dita Aisyiyah (2019) Pengaruh Iradiasi Gama Terhadap Pertumbuhan Bakteri Escherichia Coli Dan Salmonella. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.

Abstract

Escherichia coli masih terdeteksi di dalam air yang sudah diproses (treated water) dan Salmonella mengisi 90% kandungan bakteri patogen di dalam sludge Instalasi Pengolahan Air Limbah (IPAL). Teknologi nuklir berupa iradiasi gama telah banyak dimanfaatkan dalam industri pangan. Iradiasi gama juga dapat dimanfaatkan dalam proses pengolahan air minum, air limbah, dan bahkan sludge IPAL. Di Indonesia, penelitian dan pemanfaatan mengenai teknologi nuklir seperti iradiasi gama merupakan hal yang tidak biasa dan jarang diketahui. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengaruh dosis iradiasi gama terhadap pertumbuhan Escherichia coli dan Salmonella. Penelitian ini juga bertujuan untuk mengetahui nilai D10 (Decimal Reduction Dose) bakteri uji. Nilai D10 adalah dosis yang dibutuhkan untuk menurunkan 90% bakteri total dalam CFU/mL atau menurunkan 1 siklus log CFU/mL. Bakteri uji berupa isolat Escherichia coli dan Salmonella didapatkan dari Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Brawijaya (FK-UB). Iradiasi gama didapatkan dari Iradiator Gamma Cell 220 (IGC 220) milik Pusat Aplikasi Isotop Radioaktif Badan Tenaga Nuklir Nasional (PAIR-BATAN). IGC 220 memanfaatkan radioisotop Cobalt-60 (Co-60) dengan radioaktivitas 6.421 Curie (Ci) dan laju dosis serapan 4.630,3 Gray per jam (Gy/jam). Metode penelitian ini memberikan perlakuan dosis iradiasi gama 1, 2, 3, 4, dan 5 kGy terhadap isolat bakteri. Isolat bakteri dilakukan peremajaan pada Nutrient Agar (NA) dan dilanjutkan pada Nutrient Broth (NB). Suspensi bakteri pada NB dimasukkan pada microtube untuk perlakuan iradiasi. Perlakuan iradiasi diikuti oleh enumerasi pada Plate Count Agar (PCA) secara Total Plate Count (TPC) SNI-2897-2008. Paramater pengamatan terdiri atas pertumbuhan bakteri dan nilai D10. Hasil penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa hubungan dosis iradiasi gama terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri uji adalah berbanding terbalik. Semakin besar dosis iradiasi gama yang diberikan, semakin kecil bakteri yang bertahan atau semakin besar bakteri yang mengalami kematian. Nilai D10 Escherichia coli dan Salmonella adalah 0,3 kGy dan 0,35 kGy dan mati secara keseluruhan pada dosis ≥ 3 kGy dan ≥ 4 kGy. Penelitian selanjutnya lebih baik dilakukan pada raw material seperti sludge IPAL, air limbah, air minum, air sungai, air tanah, dan pupuk organik sehingga dapat diaplikasikan langsung dalam kehidupan.

English Abstract

Escherichia coli is still detected in treated water and Salmonella fills 90% of the pathogenic bacteria content in Waste Water Treatment Plant (WWTP) sludge. Gamma irradiation, one of kind of nuclear technology, has been widely used in the food industry. Gamma irradiation can also be used in the processing of drinking water, waste water, and even WWTP sludge. In Indonesia, research and application of nuclear technology such as gamma irradiation is unusual and rarely known. This research not only aims to know the effect of gamma irradiation to growth of Escherichia coli and Salmonella, but also to know D10value (Decimal Reduction Dose). D10 values is dose needed to decrease 90% of initial bacteria (CFU/mL) or decrease 1 log cycle (log CFU/mL). D10 is dose needed from 1.000 to its-one-tenth, 100. Experimental bacteria is un-raw material that obtained from Faculty of Medicine Universitas Brawijaya (FK-UB). Gamma Irradiation obtained from Iradiator Gamma Cell 220 (IGC 220) Center for Isotopes and Radiation Application National Nuclear Energy Agency (PAIR-BATAN). IGC 220 uses Cobalt-60 (Co-60) with radioactivity 6.421 Curie (Ci) and dose-absorbed-by-object rate 4.630,3 Gray per hour (Gy/h). Experimental method of this research gave gamma irradiation doses 1, 2, 3, 4, dan 5 kGy to bacterial isolate. Bacterial isolat was cultured on Nutrient Agar (NA) and followed by cultured on Nutrient Broth (NB). Bacterial suspense on NB was putted in microtube for irradiation. Irradiation was followed by enumeration on Plate Count Agar (PCA) in Total Plate Count (TPC)-SNI-2897-2008. Observation parameter were growth of bacteria and D10 value. This research proved that the relationship between gamma irradiation dose and growth of bacteria were inversely proportional. The higher doses of gamma irradiation given, the lower growth of bacteria (or were the higher amount death of bacteria). D10 value of Escherichia coli and Salmonella are 0,3 kGy and 0,35 kGy, and totally dead by ≥ 3 kGy and ≥ 4 kGy. For further research might be conducted by using irradiation on raw material such as WWTP sludge, WW, drinking water, river water, soil water, and organic fertilizer for eliminating the concentration of Escherichia coli and Salmonella

Other obstract

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Item Type:	Thesis (Sarjana)
Identification Number:	SKR/FTP/2019/286/052002299
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Escherichia coli, Iradiasi Gama, Nilai D10, dan Salmonella, D10value, Escherichia coli, Gamma Irradiation, and Salmonella
Subjects:	600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 630 Agriculture and related technologies > 630.7 Education, research, related topics
Divisions:	Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian > Keteknikan Pertanian
Depositing User:	Nur Cholis
Date Deposited:	05 Aug 2020 08:22
Last Modified:	14 Aug 2020 06:22
URI:	http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/181018

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