Fauzi, Muhammad Farhan (2019) Pengaruh Pemberian Pupuk Organik Hayati Dan Kompos Terhadap Aktivitas Mikroba Dan Enzim Tanah Serta Pertumbuhan Jagung (Zea Mays) Pada Ultisol. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Ada berbagai macam faktor yang mempengaurhi keberhasilan produksi pertanian salah satunya adalah faktor tanah. Ultisol adalah tanah yang banyak digunakan untuk budidaya pangan seperti jagung. Karakteristik tanah ini memiliki kendala nilai pH masam, serta kandungan hara P yang rendah sehingga bermasalah dalam produksi jagung. Permintaan jagung terus meningkat pada tahun 2011 2015 dengan total konsumsi jagung industri rata-rata meningkat 3,33% per tahun karena kebutuhan jagung pakan meningkat. Permintaan tersebut menyebabkan kebutuhan jagung belum terpenuhi. Berdasarkan permasalahan tersebut maka strategi yang dapat digunakan adalah pemanfaatan pupuk organik hayati (POH) dan kompos untuk meningkatkan bahan organik tanah yang berguna untuk peningkatan pertumbuhan jagung. Penelitian dilakukan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh pemberian pupuk organik hayati dan kompos terhadap populasi mikroorganisme, aktivitas enzim, sifat tanah, pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman jagung pada Ultisol. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan 8 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan sehingga didapatkan total 24 unit sampel percobaan dengan kode perlakuan TT (Kontrol tanah); TK (Kontrol tanah+kompos); TNPK (tanah+pupuk tunggal); TKF1 (tanah+kompos+formula POH 1); TKF2 (tanah+ kompos+formula POH 2); TKF3 (tanah+kompos+formula POH 3); TKP1 (tanah+ kompos+POH komersil 1); TKP2 (tanah+kompos+POH komersil 2). Penelitian ini menggunakan parameter populasi bakteri (total populasi bakteri, bakteri pelarut fosfat, penghasil hormon IAA, dan pemecah protein), repirasi tanah, pH, c-organik, enzim urease, enzim PME-ase, berat kering (berangkasan, akar, dan tongkol), tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, dan jumlah tongkol yang kemudian data tersebut diuji ANOVA lalu diuji lanjut Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) taraf 5%. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa Pemberian kompos dan berbagai formula Pupuk Organik Hayati (POH) pengaruh nyata dimana total populasi bakteri tanah perlakuan TKP2 dengan peningkatan 92%. Perlakuan TKP1 meningkat 67% dalam populasi bakteri pemecah protein. populasi bakteri penghasil IAA dengan kombinasi kompos + POH meningkatkan 9-39%. Perlakuan TKF3 meningkatkan 89% bakteri pelarut fosfat sementara itu aktivitas respirasi bakteri tanah perlakuan TKP2 meningkatkan 107% dibandingkan kontrol. Hal serupa juga terjadi pada aktivitas enzim dimana pada perlakuan TKP1 peningkatan 92% aktivitas enzim urease dan TKP2 meningkatkan 72% aktivitas enzim PME-ase. Nilai pH tanah perlakuan TKF2 meningkatkan 3,9% dan kandungan C-Organik kombinasi kompos+POH meningkat 111-122% dibandingkan kontrol. Perlakuan TNPK memiliki rerata pertumbuhan tertinggi akan tetapi perlakuan kompos + POH berpotensi untuk meningkatkan pertumbuhan jagung. Sementara itu hasil dari tanaman jagung tidak menunjukan perbedaan yang berarti dari pemberian kompos + POH dimana jumlah tongkol yang dihasilkan memiliki nilai yang sama pada setiap perlakuan.
English Abstract
There are various factors which influence the success of agricultural production, one of which is the soil factor. Ultisol is a land that is widely used for food cultivation such as maize. These soil characteristics have constraints on acidic pH values, as well as low P nutrient content so that there is a problem in maize production. The demand for maize continues to increase in 2011-2015 with the total industrial maize consumption increasing by an average of 3.33% per year due to the increasing demand for feed maize. This demand has caused the needs of maize not yet met. Based on these problems, the strategy that can be used is the use of organic bio-fertilizer (POH) and compost to increase soil organic matter that is useful for increasing maize growth. The study was conducted to evaluate the effect of applying organic bio-fertilizer and compost on the population of microorganisms, enzyme activity, soil properties, growth and yield of maize on Ultisols. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with 8 treatments and 3 replications so that a total of 24 experimental sample units with treatment code TT (Soil Control); TK (land control+compost); TNPK (soil+ single fertilizer); TKF1 (soil+compost+POH formula 1); TKF2 (soil+compost+POH formula 3); TKF3 (soil+compost+POH formula 3); TKP1 (soil+compost+commercial POH 1); TKP2 (soil+compost+commercial POH 2). This study uses bacterial population parameters (total population of bacteria, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, IAA hormones producer, and protein breakers), soil repiration, pH, c-organic, urease enzymes, PME-ase enzymes, dry weight (pruning, roots, and cob), plant height, number of leaves, and number of cobs and then the data was tested by ANOVA and then further tested by Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) level of 5%. The results of this study indicate that the provision of compost and various formulas of Organic Organic Fertilizer (POH) have a real effect where the total population of soil bacteria TKP2 treatment has increased by 92%. The TKP1 treatment increased 67% in the population of protein-breaking bacteria, population of IAA-producing bacteria with a combination of compost + POH has increased by 9-39%. The TKF3 treatment increased 89% phosphate solubilizing bacteria while the respiration activity of the soil bacterial TKP2 treatment increased 107% compared to the control. The same thing happened in enzyme activity where in the TKP1 treatment 92% increase in the activity of the urease enzyme and TKP2 increased 72% in PME-ase enzyme activity. The soil pH value of TKF2 treatment increased by 3.9% and the content of C-Organic combination of compost + POH increased 111-122% compared to control. The TNPK treatment had the highest growth rate but the compost + POH treatment had the potential to increase corn growth. Meanwhile the results of the corn plant did not show a significant difference from the compost + POH where the number of cobs produced had the same value in each treatment.
Other obstract
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| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FP/2019/959/052000995 |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 633 Field and plantation crops > 633.1 Cereals > 633.15 Corn |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Ilmu Tanah |
| Depositing User: | Nur Cholis |
| Date Deposited: | 10 Aug 2020 08:14 |
| Last Modified: | 25 Jul 2022 03:58 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/179472 |
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