Dewi, Mila Kumala (2019) Pengaruh Waktu Pengendalian Gulma Pada Pertumbuhan Dan Hasil Tiga Varietas Buncis (Phaseolus Vulgaris L.) Tipe Tegak. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Buncis (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) ialah tanaman sayuran kelompok kacangkacangan yang dimanfaatkan bijinya. Dua tipe pertumbuhan tanaman buncis, ialah tipe merambat dan tipe tegak. Buncis tipe tegak memiliki keunggulan dalam budidayanya ialah tanpa ajir sehingga bisa mengurangi biaya produksi hingga 30%. Populasi tanaman buncis tegak ha-1 dua kali lebih besar dari populasi buncis tipe merambat, ialah rata-rata 150.000 - 200.000 tanaman ha-1, sedangkan populasi buncis merambat ha-1 hanya setengahnya. Faktor biotik dan abiotik ialah faktor pembatas yang menentukan produksi buncis. Faktor biotik tersebut ialah adanya gulma yang bersaing dengan tanaman buncis yang dapat menurunkan hasil tanaman. Usaha yang dapat dilakukan untuk meningkatkan produksi buncis dan mengurangi faktor pembatas dari biotik dan abiotik ialah dengan menggunakan varietas unggul, penerapan teknik budidaya dan pengelolaan lingkungan tempat tumbuh tanaman dengan tepat. Penelitian telah dilaksanakan pada bulan Mei 2019 hingga Juli 2019 di Lahan Percobaan Fakultas Pertanian Jatimulyo, UB, Kecamatan Lowokwaru, Kota Malang, Jawa Timur. Topografi ketinggian Desa Landungsari berada pada ketinggian sekitar 460 m dpl. Alat yang digunakan pada penelitian ialah oven, kuadrat berukuran 1 m × 0,5 m, penggaris, meteran, gembor, cangkul, tugal, kamera digital dan timbangan analitik.Bahan yang digunakan pada penelitian ialah buncis tipe tegak varietas lokal TALA, varietas lokal Jogja, varietas Balitsa- 1, pupuk kandang ayam dan pupuk NPK 16-16-16. Penelitian disusun dalam rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) faktorial dengan 2 faktor, 9 kombinasi perlakuan dan 3 ulangan. Faktor 1 : Perlakuan varietas (V), V1: varietas lokal TALA, V2: varietas lokal Jogja, V3: varietas Balitsa-1. Faktor 2: Perlakuan perbedaan waktu penyiangan gulma (G), G0: tanpa penyiangan gulma, G1: penyiangan gulma pada 7, 14, 21 dan 28 HST, G2: penyiangan gulma pada 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42 dan 49 HST. Variabel pengamatan meliputi analisis vegetasi yang terdiri dari persentase penutupan gulma total, bobot basah gulma total dan bobot kering gulma total. Analisis pertumbuhan terdiri dari tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, jumlah ruas batang dan bobot kering total tanaman. Komponen hasil terdiri dari jumlah polong/tanaman, jumlah polong/petak, bobot basah polong/petak, bobot kering polong/petak, bobot basah polong/tanaman dan bobot kering polong/tanaman. Apabila hasil analisis ragam menyatakan terdapat perbedaan yang nyata maka dilanjutkan dengan menggunakan uji Beda Nyata Jujur (BNJ) pada taraf 5%.ii Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini ialah waktu pengendalian gulma dan varietas yang berbeda memberikan pengaruh yang berbeda pada pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman buncis tipe tegak serta terdapat interaksi antara waktu pengendalian gulma dan varietas pada pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman buncis tipe tegak. Penggunaan varietas Balitsa-1 dan penyiangan gulma pada 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42 dan 49 HST memberikan hasil terbaik pada parameter bobot kering tanaman, jumlah polong/tanaman, bobot basah polong/tanaman, bobot kering polong/tanaman, jumlah polong/petak, bobot basah polong/petak dan bobot kering polong/petak. Terjadi pergeseran vegetasi yang menyebabkan terjadinya perbedaan beberapa jenis gulma pada sebelum olah tanah dan sesudah olah tanah.
English Abstract
Been (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is a legume vegetable crop that is used its seeds. Two types of bean, are the vines and the upright types. The upright type beans have an cultivation advantage that is not need wooden sticks, so may reduce production costs by up to 30%. The population of been upright types ha -1 is as twice as large as the population of been vines types, which has plants in average of 150.000 – 200.000 ha -1, while the population of been vines type ha -1 is only half. Biotic and abiotic factors are the limiting factors to the bean yield. The biotic factors are the presence of weeds among the crop plant that that may result to a competition. Superior varieties, applying cultivation techniques and managing the environment gave a proper plant growth. Hence, an effort can be made by increasinge the bean yield. The experiment has been conducted since May 2019 upto July 2019, at the FP - UB Experiment Station, Jatimulyo, Lowokwaru District, Malang City, East Java. Thesite altitude is of around 460 m asl. The instrument used in this experiment was an oven, squared measuring 1 m × 0.5 m, a ruler, meter lines, fat sheet, hoe, torch, digital camera and analytical scales. The material used in this experiment was of the upright type local TALA bean variety, Jogja local variety, varieties Balitsa-1, chiken manure and NPK 16-16-16 fertilizer. The experiment was designed in a factorial randomized block design (RCBD) with 2 factors, 9 treatment combinations and 3 replicates. Factor 1, were of: the varieties (V), V1: local varieties TALA, V2: local varieties Jogja, V3: varieties Balitsa-1. Factor 2: were of the differences in weed weeding time (G), G0: No weeding, G1: weeding at Days 7, 14, 21 and 28, G2: weeding at Days 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42 and 49. The data collections were of weed vegetation analysis before soil tillage and after soil tillage, those were of vegetation analysis of total weed cover percestages, total weed wet weight and total weed dry weight. The growth analysis consisted of plant height, lesf numbers, stem segment numbers and total plant dry weight. The yield components were of the pod numbers / plants, pod numbers / plot, wet pod weight / plot, pod dry weight / plot, pod / plant of wet weight and pod / plant of dry weight. If there were significant differences in the analysis of variance, then proceed to the Least Significant Difference test (LSD - BNJ) at 5% level. The results obtained were of an interaction between the time of weeding and varieties on growth and yield of upright type bean plants. The use of Balitsa- 1 varieties and weeding at Days 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42 and 49 gave the best results on the parameters of total plant dry weight, pod numbers / plants, pod numbers / plot, wet pod weight / plot, pod dry weight / plot, pod / plant of wet weight andiv pod / plant of dry weight. There were of vegetation changes that causes different types of weeds before tillage and after tillage.
Other obstract
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| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FP/2019/884/052000891 |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 632 Plant injuries, diseases, pests > 632.5 Weeds |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Budidaya Pertanian |
| Depositing User: | Nur Cholis |
| Date Deposited: | 02 Oct 2020 02:44 |
| Last Modified: | 25 Oct 2021 06:34 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/179275 |
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