Tamba, Pestanaria (2019) Eksplorasi Jamur Tanah pada Lahan Wortel (Daucus carota L.) yang Dibudidayakan secara Organik dan Konvensional serta Ketahanannya terhadap Herbisida Berbahan Aktif Metribuzin. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Tanaman wortel merupakan salah satu komoditas hortikultura yang banyak dibudidayakan karena sangat berperan dalam pemenuhan kebutuhan pangan dan peningkatan gizi. Namun dalam pemenuhan kebutuhan pangan, tanaman wortel mengalami masalah produksi dimana salah satu penyebabnya ialah penurunan kualitas dari segi indikator biologis tanah. Keanekaragaman biota tanah seperti mikroba (bakteri, fungi, aktinomisetes, mikroflora, dan protozoa) serta fauna tanah sangat dipengaruhi oleh kontaminasi berbagai macam bahan kimia seperti adanya residu pemakaian herbisida yang dapat tinggal di dalam tanah dan mempengaruhi populasi mikroorganisme tanah. Maka dari itu, perlu dikaji lebih lanjut bagaimana keanekaragaman jamur tanah pada lahan organik dan lahan konvensional yang diaplikasikan herbisida berbahan aktif Metribuzin. Penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium Penyakit Tumbuhan, Jurusan Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan, Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Brawijaya pada bulan Desember 2018 sampai April 2019. Penelitian terdiri dari beberapa tahapan yaitu pengambilan sampel tanah rizosfer tanaman wortel organik dari kebun percobaan Agrotechno Park (ATP) Cangar dan lahan konvensional milik Kelompok Tani Anjasmoro Desa Brantas, isolasi jamur rizosfer tanaman, purifikasi jamur tanah, preparasi jamur tanah, identifikasi jamur tanah berdasarkan ciri makroskopis dan mikroskopis, dan uji peracunan herbisida pada beberapa konsentrasi yakni 0 - 2,5 ml/l PDA. Hasil eksplorasi jamur pada lahan organik terdiri dari 13 isolat jamur yang berasal dari 11 genus yaitu Geotrichum sp., Scopulariopsis sp., Aspergillus sp., Penicillium sp., Fusarium sp., Trychophyton sp., Mucor sp., Acremonium sp., Paecilomyces sp., Phytophthora sp. serta 1 isolat jamur yang tidak teridentifikasi. Hasil eksplorasi jamur tanah pada lahan konvensional terdiri 8 isolat jamur tanah yang berasal dari 7 genus yakni Monilia sp., Penicillium sp., Trichoderma sp., Aspergillus sp., Hyalodendron sp., Fusarium sp., serta 1 isolat jamur yang tidak teridentifikasi. Nilai keanekaragaman jamur tanah pada lahan organik dan lahan konvensional yaitu H’= 2,24 dan H’= 1,94. Berdasarkan hasil uji peracunan herbisida nilai Tingkat Hambatan Relatif (THR) masing-masing jamur uji pada konsentrasi 0-2,5 ml/L PDA menunjukkan perbedaan yang nyata terhadap diameter pertumbuhan jamur. Nilai THR tertinggi terdapat pada isolat Phytophthora sp. dan nilai THR terendah terdapat pada isolat jamur Fusarium sp. Nilai THR pada perlakuan konsentrasi 2,5 ml/L PDA pada hari ke satu sampai tujuh memberikan pengaruh nyata. Terjadi penghambatan isolat jamur O13, dan resistensi pada isolat K4 dan isolat K7.
English Abstract
Carrot plants are one of the many cultivated horticultural commodities because they play an important role in meeting food needs and improving nutrition. But in fulfilling food needs, carrot plants experience production problems where one of the causes is a decrease in quality in terms of soil biological indicators. The diversity of soil biota such as microbes (bacteria, fungi, actinomycetes, microflora and protozoa) and soil fauna is strongly influenced by contamination of various types of chemicals such as the presence of herbicide residues that can stay in the soil and affect soil microorganism populations. Therefore, it is necessary to further examine how the diversity of soil fungi on organic land and conventional land applied by herbicides with active ingredients is Metribuzin. The research was conducted at the Laboratory of Plant Disease, Department of Plant Pest and Disease, Faculty of Agriculture, Brawijaya University in December 2018 to April 2019. The study consisted of several stages, namely rhizosphere soil sampling of organic carrot plants from the experimental gardens of Agrotechno Park (ATP) Cangar and conventional land belonging to the Anjasmoro Farmers Group in Brantas Village, isolation of rhizosphere fungi, purification of soil fungi, preparation of soil fungi, identification of soil fungi based on macroscopic and microscopic characteristics, and herbicide poisoning tests at several concentrations of 0-2.5 ml / l PDA. The results of fungi exploration on organic land consisted of 13 fungal isolates from 11 genera, namely Geotrichum sp., Scopulariopsis sp., Aspergillus sp., Penicillium sp., Fusarium sp., Trychophyton sp., Mucor sp., Acremonium sp., Paecilomyces sp., Phytophtora sp. and 1 unidentified fungal isolate. The results of exploration of soil fungi on conventional land consisted of 8 soil fungal isolates from 7 genera, namely Monilia sp., Penicillium sp., Trichoderma sp., Aspergillus sp., Hyalodendron sp., Fusarium sp., And 1 unidentified fungal isolate. The diversity values of soil fungi on organic land and conventional land are H '= 2.24 and H' = 1.94. Based on the results of the herbicide poisoning test the value of the Relative Obstacle Level (THR) of each test fungus at a concentration of 0-2.5 ml / l PDA showed significant differences in the diameter of fungal growth. The highest THR value was found in Phytophthora sp. Isolates. and the lowest THR value was found in Fusarium sp. The THR value in the 2.5 ml / l PDA concentration treatment on days one to seven gave a significant effect. There was inhibition of O13 fungal isolates, and resistance in K4 isolates and K7 isolates.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FP/2019/596/051907370 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | - |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 635 Garden crops (Horticulture) > 635.8 Mushrooms and truffles |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Agroekoteknologi |
| Depositing User: | soegeng sugeng |
| Date Deposited: | 10 Aug 2020 06:52 |
| Last Modified: | 10 Aug 2020 06:52 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/174148 |
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