Panggabean, Ketriwani (2019) Studi Ketersediaan Nitrogen Tanah pada Sentra Tanaman Bawang putih (Allium sativum L.) di Kecamatan Pujon. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Bawang putih (Allium sativum L.) merupakan salah satu komoditas tanaman hortikultura yang permintaan pasarnya terus meningkat. Namun, peningkatan ini belum mampu diimbangi dengan peningkatan produksi.Hal ini disebabkan oleh luas tanam dan produktivitas hasil yang rendah. Produksi bawang putih di Indonesia hanya mampu memenuhi kebutuhan sebesar 5%, sedangkan 95% kebutuhan bawang putih di Indonesia masih dipenuhi dengan impor (BPS, 2015). Pujon menjadi salah satu sentra peningkatan produksi bawang putih di Kabupaten Malang. Kecamatan Pujon termasuk daerah penghasil bawang putih dalam kategori yang rendah, salah satu penyebab rendahnya produksi adalah kesuburan tanah yang rendah dan tingkat kesuburan tanah dipengaruhi oleh ketersediaan unsur hara dalam tanah terutama ketersediaan nitrogen tanah. Tempat penelitian terletak di Kecamatan Pujon, Kabupaten Malang. Titik pengamatan tersebar di lima sentra bawang putih yaitu Desa Pandesari, Desa Pujon Lor, Desa Sukomulyo, Desa Bendosari, dan Desa Madiredo. Kegiatan penelitian dibagi dalam beberapa tahapan meliputi tahap prasurvei, survei lapangan, analisis laboratorium, pengamatan produksi serta pengolahan data. Kegiatan prasurvei terdiri atas pembuatan peta SPL dan penentuan titik pengamatan. Kegiatan survei lapangan dilakukan melalui serangkaian kerja yaitu survei tanah, survei biofisik lingkungan dan survei pengelolaan lahan dan hasil produksi. Analisis laboratorium pada contoh tanah yang sudah diambil pada masing-masing titik pengamatan meliputi analisis Ntotal, C-organik, Rasio C/N, pH H2O dan pH KCl, BI Tanah, Porositas dan Tekstur tanah. Data yang diperoleh dari hasil analisis laboratorium mengenai sifat kimia dan fisika tanah untuk kemudian dilakukan analisis korelasi dengan produksi sebagai peubah tak bebas dan N-total, C-Organik, Rasio C/N, pH H2O dan pH KCl, BI Tanah, Porositas dan Tekstur tanah sebagai peubah bebas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebaran nitrogen tanah pada sentra tanaman bawang putih di Kecamatan Pujon berada pada kategori rendah hingga sendang. Sebaran nitrogen tanah pada lapisan atas (0-30 cm) di kelima SPL adalah sedang sedangkan sebaran nitrogen tanah pada lapisan bawah (30-60 cm) di kelima SPL adalah rendah dan sedang, analisis hubungan antara Nitrogen tanah dengan sifat-sifat tanah pada sentra tanaman bawang putih Kecamatan Pujon menunjukkan hasil yang berkorelasi namun tidak berhubungan nyata, artinya besar atau kecilnya kandungan nitrogen dalam tanah tidak berpengaruh nyata pada nilai C-organik, C/N rasio, pH H2O, pH KCl, BI dan Porositas dalam tanah dan hubungan antara sifat-sifat tanah dengan produksi bawang putih pada sentra tanaman bawang putih Kecamatan Pujon adalah berhubungan nyata terhadap Rasio C/N pada lapisan bawah (30-60 cm) yaitu r=0,82 ,sedangkan denggan sifat-sifat tanah lainnya berhubungan tidak nyata.
English Abstract
Garlic (Allium sativum L.) is one of the horticulture crops commodity that the market demand continues to increase. Unfortunately, the increase in demand has not been matched by increased production. This condition happens because the planting area and yield productivity are low. The production of garlic in Indonesia can only fulfill 5% of the needs, while 95% of the garlic needs are fulfilled by importing the product (BPS, 2015). Pujon is one of the centers for increasing garlic production in Malang. Pujon sub-district is an area where the garlic production is low. One of the causes of low production is low soil fertility. Furthermore, the level of soil fertility is influenced by the availability of nutrients in the soil, especially the availability of soil nitrogen. The research was conducted in Pujon sub-district, Malang. The observation point spread over five garlic centers; they were in Pandesari village, Pujon Lor village, Sukomulyo village, Bendosari village, and Madiredo village. The research was divided into some stages, including pre-survey, field survey, laboratory analysis, production observation, and data processing. The presurvey activity covered the activity of making land mapping unit and deciding the observation point. The field survey activity covered the soil survey, biophysical environment survey, and land management and production results survey. The laboratory analysis on soil sample from each observation point covered the analysis of Total N, Organic C, pH (H2O and KCl), Bulk Density (BD), Porosity, and Soil Texture. The correlation analysis was given to the data obtained from the result of laboratory analysis on chemical and physical properties of soil. The production was used as a dependent variable, while the nutrient of Total N, Organic C, pH (H2O and KCl), Bulk Density (BD), Porosity, and Soil Texture were used as the independent variable. The research result showed that the distribution of soil nitrogen on garlic plant centers in Pujon sub-district was in the low to medium category. The distribution of soil nitrogen on the upper layer (0-30cm) of the five land mapping units was medium, while the distribution of soil nitrogen on the lower layers (30- 60cm) of the five land mapping units was low and medium. Furthermore, the correlation analysis between soil nitrogen and soil properties on the Garlic Plant Center, Pujon showed that they were not significantly correlated; it means, the large or small nitrogen content in the soil did not significantly affect Organic C, pH (H2O and KCl), Bulk Density (BD) and Soil Porosity. Moreover, there was a correlation between garlic production and soil properties; it was on the C/N ratio. However, the significant correlation was only found in the lower layer (30-60cm) with the r=0,82 of correlation value; while there was no significant correlation on other soil properties.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FP/2019/557/051907331 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | - |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 641 Food and drink > 641.3 Food > 641.35 Spesific food from plant crops > 641.352 1 Potaoes > 641.352 6 Garlic |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Agroekoteknologi |
| Depositing User: | soegeng sugeng |
| Date Deposited: | 10 Aug 2020 06:52 |
| Last Modified: | 10 Aug 2020 06:52 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/173975 |
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