Sijabat, Pangeran Samuel (2019) Pengaruh Aplikasi Mikoriza Arbuskula dan Jenis Pupuk Kandang Terhadap Serapan P dan Pertumbuhan Jagung Manis (Zea mays saccharata Sturt.) pada Ultisol. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Ultisol adalah merupakan salah satu jenis tanah di Indonesia yang mempunyai sebaran luas mencapai 45.794.000 ha atau sekitar 25% dari total luas daratan Indonesia (Subagyo et al., 2004). Namun ultisol memiliki beberapa kendala yaitu tingkat kemasaman yang tinggi, miskin unsur hara makro, serta kandungan bahan organik yang rendah sehingga memiliki tingkat kesuburann rendah. Untuk itu diperlukan suatu tindakan untuk meningkatkan kesuburan ultisol yaitu dengan pemberian mikoriza dan pupuk kandang. Pupuk kandang merupakan sumber hara dan menambah bahan organik bagi tanah sedangkan mikoriza merupakan mikroorganisme yang mampu meningkatkan ketersediaan unsur hara P dan serapan hara pada tanaman. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk 1) menganalisis pengaruh pemberian mikoriza dan jenis pupuk kandang terhadap pH, P-tersedia, C-organik tanah dan presentase koloni MA, 2) Menganalisis perubahan presentase koloni MA terhadap jumlah spora dan 3) Menganalisis perubahan P-tersedia terhadap serapan P dan pertumbuhan tanaman jagung manis (Zea mays saccharata Sturt.). Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Oktober 2018 sampai Maret 2019, bertempat di Green House yang terletak di Dusun Sengkaling, Desa Mulyoagung, kabupaten Malang serta Laboratorium kimia dan biologi Jurusan Tanah Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Brawijaya. Tanah yang digunakan pada penelitian ini berasal dari Loa Kulu, Tenggarong, Kabupaten Kutai Negara, Kalimantan Timur. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap Faktorial dengan 2 faktor yaitu mikoriza dan jenis pupuk. Penelitian ini terdiri dari 8 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan. Adapun perlakuan dalam penelitian ini adalah M0P0 = Tanpa Mikoriza + Tanpa Pupuk Kandang, M0PS = Tanpa Mikoriza + 8,3 g Pupuk Sapi, M0PK = Tanpa Mikoriza + 8,3 g Pupuk Kambing, M0PA = Tanpa Mikoriza + 8,3 g Pupuk Ayam, M1P0 = 20 Spora Accaulospora sp. + Tanpa Pupuk Kandang, M1PS = 20 Spora Accaulospora sp. + 8,3 g Pupuk Sapi, M1PK = 20 Spora Accaulospora sp. + 8,3 g Pupuk Kambing, M1PA = 20 Spora Accaulospora sp. + 8,3 g Pupuk Ayam. Hasil penelitian mennjukkan bahwa kombinasi mikoriza dan jenis pupuk mempengaruhi jumlah spora, koloni akar, p-tersedia dan serapan P. Perlakuan 20 spora mikoriza + 8.3 g pupuk kandang ayam memiliki nilai tertinggi pada beberapa variabel yang diamati terkecuali C-organik tanah. Dari perlakuan ini diperoleh jumlah spora 307 spora/100 g tanah, presentase koloni MA sebesar 74,44%, p-tersedia 28,88 mg.kg-1, dan serapan P sebesar 12,21 g/tanaman. Peningkatan 1% koloni MA diikuti dengan peningkatan jumlah spora sebanyak 3 spora. Koloni MA pada akar tanaman jagung meningkat 1 %, diikuti dengan serapan P sebesar 0,17 g tanaman-1. Peningkatan 1 mg.kg-1 P-tersedia maka diikuti dengan peningkatan serapan P sebesar 0,61 g per tanaman.
English Abstract
Ultisol is one type of soil in Indonesia that has a broad distribution approximately 45,794,000 ha or approximately 25% of the total land area of Indonesia (Subagyo et al., 2004). However ultisol has several obstacles, namely high levels of acidity, poor macro nutrients and low organic matter content which has a low fertility rate. So, we need to increase the fertility of ultisol by giving mycorrhizae and manure. Manure is a source of nutrients and organic matter for soil and mycorrhizae are microorganisms that can increase available P and plant uptake. This present study aims to 1) analyze the effect of mycorrhizal administration and type of fertilizer on pH, available P, soil C-organic and MA colony percentages, 2) Analyze changes in percentage of MA colonies affecting spores numbers and 3) Analyze changes in P-available affecting P uptake and growth of sweet corn (Zea mays saccharata Sturt.). The research was conducted in October 2018 up to March 2019, in the Green House located at Sengkaling Hamlet, Mulyoagung Village, Malang Regency, East Java Prov, Indonesia and the Chemical and Biology Laboratory of the Department of Agriculture, Universitas Brawijaya. The soil used for this research from Loa Kulu, Tenggarong, Kutai Negara Regency, East Kalimantan, Indonesia. The research used Completely Randomized Factorial Design (CRFD) include 2 factors, mycorrhiza and type of manure. This study consisted of 8 treatments and 4 replications. The treatment in this study is M0P0 = Without Mycorrhizal + No Manure, M0PS = Without Mycorrhizal + 8.3 g Cow Manure, M0PK = Without Mycorrhizal + 8.3 g Goat Manure, M0PA = No Mycorrhizal + 8.3 g Chicken Manure, M1P0 = 20 Spores of Accaulospora sp. + No Manure, M1PS = 20 Spores of Accaulospora sp. + 8.3 g of Cow Manure, M1PK = 20 Spores of Accaulospora sp. + 8.3 g of Goat Manure, M1PA = 20 Spores of Accaulospora sp. + 8.3 g of Chicken Manure. The results showed that the combination of mycorrhizal and type of fertilizer affected the number of spores, root colonies, p-available and uptake of P. The treatment of 20 mycorrhizal spores + 8.3 g of chicken manure had the highest value on several observed variables except C-organic soil. From this treatment, 307 spores / 100 g of soil were obtained, the percentage of MA colonies was 74.44%, p-available 28.88 mg.kg-1, and P absorption was 12.21 g / plant. A 1% increase in MA colonies was followed by an increase in the number of spores by 3 spores. MA colonies on corn roots increased by 1%, followed by P uptake of 0.17 g plant-1. An increase of 1 mg.kg-1 P-available is followed by an increase in P uptake of 0.61 g per plant.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FP/2019/609/051907383 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | - |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 635 Garden crops (Horticulture) > 635.6 Edible garden fruits and seeds > 635.67 Corn > 635.672 Sweet corn |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Agroekoteknologi |
| Depositing User: | soegeng sugeng |
| Date Deposited: | 24 Aug 2020 07:24 |
| Last Modified: | 08 Mar 2022 08:00 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/173806 |
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